Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Aviation

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The Silent Run: New Issues and Outcomes for University-Industry Relations in Brazil

In order to develop innovations, companies are establishing University-Industry (U-I) relations which are explained in theories like the Triple Helix. Maybe this traditional view it is not enough to describe what happens in Brazil. Followed by a growth of articles published internationally, companies in technologically stable industries seem to be incorporating high-tech outcomes from universities, boosting sectors that once were apparently inert. This research will propose a different approach on U-I relations, focusing on the Knowledge Flow. Results show that agriculture companies are increasing their relations as much as engineering companies. Such relations are mainly based on raw technologies or applied solutions. Start-up firms’ relations are mainly based on informal contacts and patents are not used to protect technologies. The Silent Run shows that companies which appear to be technologically stable are now upgrading trough U-I, and patents does not seem to be the first option when protecting new technologie

Management of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Technological Attributes in Brazil: A B2B Relationship in the Software-Media Development Sector

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) represents a technological application based on the philosophy of Relationship Marketing and it recommends the interaction with high value consumers. Relating CRM to new social technologies, CRM 2.0 or social CRM deals with the relationship between companies and customers using online platforms such as blogs, RSS, forums and social network sites, among other facilities. Through a comparative study based on qualitative indicators, this article draws a relationship between CRM theory and practice. In two high technology organizations it was identified that, although the indicators are appropriate to the business practices, their usage and understanding are oriented by the nature of businesses and by the company characteristics. Empirical results show that technology structure, data collection and analysis tools and interactive sales tools favor CRM. In this paper, four variables are treated theoretically and empirically: Information Technology; Information tools, where the Database and the Storage of Debugged Data are included; Data Mining; and, the Sales Force Automation Facilities

FASTEN: An IoT platform for Supply Chain Management in a Covid-19 Pandemic Scenario

This paper points out the major disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. It proposes an automated Internet-of-Things (IoT) based manufacturing and supply chain system, termed FASTEN, that can deal with such severe disruptions

The Silent Run: New Issues and Outcomes for University-Industry Relations in Brazil

In order to develop innovations, companies are establishing University-Industry (U-I) relations which are explained in theories like the Triple Helix. Maybe this traditional view it is not enough to describe what happens in Brazil. Followed by a growth of articles published internationally, companies in technologically stable industries seem to be incorporating high-tech outcomes from universities, boosting sectors that once were apparently inert. This research will propose a different approach on U-I relations, focusing on the Knowledge Flow. Results show that agriculture companies are increasing their relations as much as engineering companies. Such relations are mainly based on raw technologies or applied solutions. Start-up firms’ relations are mainly based on informal contacts and patents are not used to protect technologies. The Silent Run shows that companies which appear to be technologically stable are now upgrading trough U-I, and patents does not seem to be the first option when protecting new technologie

THE USE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES BY BRAZILIAN STARTUP COMPANIES

To be competitive in current knowledge economy, startup companies should effectively use available knowledge to implement their development strategies. Consequently, it is necessary to identify which knowledge management (KM) practices are used by startup companies. This paper aims to identify KM practices used to overcome critical factors of startups’ development in Brazil. It will be discussed the relation between the critical factors of startup development and theKMpractices used. Interviews were conducted with startups established in business incubators in the southern region of Brazil. Results demonstrated that the main KM practices used to overcome critical factors of startup development – Opportunity Recognition, Entrepreneurial Commitment, Credibility and Sustainability – are related to company’s internal knowledge. Internal knowledge is a company asset, which includes not only R&amp;D activities but also its actions and routines. An important remark was that even though startups are not aware of KM practices, they have organized routines and standards aligned with current KM theories

Universities’ Intellectual Property: Path for Innovation or Patent Competition?

Technological innovation is represented by the conversion of knowledge into new products and processes which, when commercialized, generate wealth. In relations with companies, universities’ role is to develop scientific knowledge, fostering industry’s R&amp;D activities. This article proposes an analysis of the technology transfer process performed by public universities in Brazil. Results demonstrate that universities are facing difficulties in requesting and licensing patents based on scientific results, due to lack of commercial contact with companies and their limitations in adapting available technologies. The increase in scientific output is not being effectively transformed into new technologies for products and services, exposing the necessity for new policies to approach university-industry relations. For universities, this may mean rethinking the role of patents in the technology transfer process, such as increasing co-authorship with companies and have companies support technological research within the university, instead of investing in legal protection, distant from market needs

Desenvolvimento e valida??o de um sistema de hipo e microgravidade simuladas para realiza??o de massagem card?aca externa

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:56:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 383291.pdf: 2904097 bytes, checksum: ce0e51e02134d680e9bcbf401e9666b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-30Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento e a valida??o de um equipamento para simula??o de hipo e microgravidade, realizados no Laborat?rio de Microgravidade PUCRS para o estudo de Massagem Card?aca Externa (MCE) em simula??o de ambientes extraterrestres, utilizando o padr?o 30:2 do ERC. O sistema de suspens?o corporal ? composto por um cinto de suspens?o, um sistema de contra-pesos e uma c?lula de carga. Fio montado em barras de a?o carbono, com uma estrutura piramidal de base 3000mm x 2260mm, e altura de 2000mm. Um cabo de a?o conecta os contrapesos, atrav?s de um sistema de polias, ? c?lula de carga, a qual est? ligada ao cinto de suspens?o utilizado pelo volunt?rio. O valor de contra-pesos utilizados ? calculado com base na massa relativa do volunt?rio em um ambiente de hipogravidade. A c?lula de carga consiste de um tubo de alum?nio, sendo fixado na parte interna do tubo uma ponte de Wheatstone composta por extens?metros. Foram realizados testes de aferi??o, comprovando a linearidade desta. Um manequim de BLS foi equipado com um sistema de treinamento, composto por um indicador de profundidade (formado por uma fileira de LEDs), e um indicador de freq??ncia de compress?o (atrav?s de um metr?nomo). Foram utilizados dois eletrogoni?metros para mensurar a varia??o angular de joelho e cotovelo. Para a valida??o do sistema desenvolvido, uma s?rie de estudos foi conduzida comparando os diferentes m?todos de realiza??o de MCE em simula??es de hipogravidade (Lua, com 0,17G, Marte com 0,38G e Planeta X, com 0,7G) e microgravidade com o controle (1G). Um estudo inicial demonstrou a efic?cia e import?ncia do sistema de treinamento desenvolvido. Para a simula??o de hipogravidade, foram realizados tr?s estudos: (1) Compara??o da realiza??o de MCE em diferentes valores de hipogravidade com controle em Terra; (2) Compara??o da performance entre homens e mulheres de MCE em simula??es gravitacionais de Marte e Lua; (3) Estudo da flex?o e extens?o de cotovelo em simula??o da gravidade lunar, realizada por volunt?rios masculinos. Na simula??o de microgravidade, foram realizados dois estudos para avaliar a utiliza??o da posi??o Evetts-Russomano (E-R) na aplica??o de RCP: (1) Performance de MCE em simula??o de microgravidade; (2) An?lise da flex?o e extens?o de joelho e cotovelo durante aplica??o da t?cnica E-R. Em suma, os estudos demonstraram a import?ncia da utiliza??o de flex?o e extens?o de cotovelo durante a realiza??o de MCE na simula??o de hipogravidade, a impossibilidade de realiza??o de MCE pelas mulheres na simula??o de gravidade lunar e marciana, devido a reduzida massa corporal, e a possibilidade da aplica??o da t?cnica E-R na simula??o de microgravidade, sem varia??o angular expressiva de joelho, e a import?ncia do treinamento da t?cnica para a melhora na performance

Fluxo de conhecimento na interação universidade-empresa : uma análise de setores tradicionais e de alta tecnologia no Brasil e na Holanda

O presente estudo tem por objetivo caracterizar o fluxo de conhecimento na interação universidade-empresa, identificando a relação em diferentes setores de diferentes países. O conceito de fluxo de conhecimento é apresentado como um complemento às teorias atuais de interação universidade-empresa, descritas principalmente pelo Triângulo de Sábato e pela Hélice Tripla. Argumenta-se que a interação universidade-empresa vem sendo apresentada pelo papel dos atores e canais de transferência de conhecimento, mas não deixa claro qual ator é responsável por iniciar a interação e o conteúdo de conhecimento transferido. Com isso, o conceito de fluxo de conhecimento é descrito pelo ator responsável por estimular a interação e pelo conteúdo de conhecimento, seja científico ou aplicado, transferido entre atores. A pesquisa foi conduzida pelo método de estudo de caso, em dois setores, horticultura e espacial, de dois países, Brasil e Holanda, totalizando 27 casos. Os resultados demonstram diferenças no fluxo de conhecimento entre os atores, relacionadas principalmente na comparação entre os países, e não tanto quanto aos setores. Os setores de horticultura e espacial holandeses possuem uma estrutura de conhecimento formada por universidades, centros tecnológicos e empresas, que desenvolvem atividades de pesquisa básica e aplicada voltadas à inovação. Como afirmam os entrevistados, comissões do governo aproximam pesquisadores e empresários, estimulando contatos informais e parcerias de desenvolvimento tecnológico. No Brasil, ambos os setores apresentam carências principalmente na geração de conhecimento, seja pesquisa básica, e na a formação de mão de obra. Os entrevistados declaram que os incentivos governamentais à pesquisa são restritos e descontínuos, dificultando o desenvolvimento tecnológico. Em relação ao fluxo de conhecimento, as interações universidade-empresa na Holanda possuem conteúdo de conhecimento descrito pelo critério pesquisa básica, pesquisa estratégica e pesquisa aplicada. No Brasil, o conteúdo de conhecimento presente no fluxo foi principalmente baseado no critério pesquisa aplicada, e tecnologia corrente. Os entrevistados de ambos os países mencionam que o estímulo ao fluxo ocorre principalmente pelo contato de empresas ou universidades, enquanto o estímulo do governo ocorre através de editais ou incentivos à pesquisa. Conclui-se que a interação universidade-empresa ocorre em ambos os países, porém o fluxo de conhecimento entre os atores reflete diferenças na estrutura científica e tecnológica instalada em cada país. Enquanto a Holanda desenvolve interações voltadas ao desenvolvimento tecnológico, no Brasil as interações buscam principalmente solucionar problemas técnicos, ou atividades de pesquisa aplicada às necessidades das empresas. Esta diferença ocorre pela reduzida capacidade científica das universidades brasileiras, pois as empresas buscam inovações em universidades e centros tecnológicos do exterior, ou desenvolvem internamente. Por fim, o conceito de fluxo de conhecimento demonstra que a Holanda possui uma avançada estrutura de pesquisa, e que comissões do governo formadas por pesquisadores e empresários aproximam os atores e alinham os objetivos tecnológicos. No Brasil, o conceito do fluxo de conhecimento apresenta restrições quanto à estrutura acadêmica de ensino e pesquisa científica, além de recursos governamentais limitados.The present research aims to characterize the knowledge flow in university-industry relations, identifying this kind of partnership in different sectors of different countries. The concept of knowledge flow aims to complement the current university-industry relations theories, mainly described by Sábato’s triangle and the triple helix. It is argued that university-industry relations are generally defined by the role of actors and the channels of knowledge transfer. However, it is not clear which actor is responsible for initiating the interaction and the content of knowledge transferred. Thus, the concept of knowledge flow is described by the actor responsible for stimulating the relationship and the content of knowledge, between science and applied, transferred between actors. The case study research was conducted in two sectors, horticulture and space, in two countries, Brazil and The Netherlands, describing 27 cases. Results showed that differences in the knowledge flow between the actors can be mainly compared between countries, rather than between sectors. Both horticulture and space sectors in The Netherlands have a knowledge environment constituted by universities, research centres and companies which develop basic and applied research activities focused on innovations. As stated by the respondents, government commissions bring researchers and companies closer, encouraging informal contacts and partnerships for technological development. On the other hand, both sectors in Brazil present deficiencies especially in knowledge creation by basic research or training students. Respondents state that government subsidies for research are limited and discontinued, restricting technological development. Regarding the knowledge flow, university industry relations in The Netherlands are mainly defined by knowledge content criteria such as basic research, strategic research or applied research. In Brazil, the content of the knowledge flow was mainly based on applied research and current technology criteria. Respondents from both countries reported that the stimulus to the knowledge flow occurs by contact from companies or universities, while government stimulus is described by research tenders or subsidies. To conclude, universityindustry relations occur in both countries, but the knowledge flow between the actors reflects differences on the science and technology structure in each country. While The Netherlands develops interactions aiming to develop new technologies, in Brazil such relations mainly seek to solve technical issues, or applied research activities guided by market needs. This difference, however, is given by the reduced scientific capacity of Brazilian universities, as companies seek for technology innovations in research centres and universities abroad, or develops internally. Finally, the concept of knowledge flow shows that The Netherlands have an advanced research structure, and government commissions formed by researchers and companies approach the actors, aligning technology goals. In Brazil, the concept of knowledge flow demonstrates restrictions mainly in the structure of academic teaching, scientific research and also in government resources