Open-label, randomized study of Amoxicillin, Azithromycin, and Cefprozil in Childhood Sinusitis

Aim: There are many antibiotics used in acute sinusitis in paediatric practice. We planned this study to contribute rational antibacterial treatment considering the clinical efficiency, side effects and cost of the treatment. Materials and methods: Our study was a prospective, randomized and open label study in children. Patients diagnosed as having acute sinusitis based on the major and minor clinical diagnostic criteria were randomized to receive 14 days of amoxicillin (40 mg/kg/day, in 3 doses), 5 days of azithromycin (10 mg/kg/day, single dose for first 3 days and 5 mg/kg/day-single dose for 2 days) and 14 days of cefprozil (30 mg/kg/day, 2 doses). Results: Of a total of 151 patients who were between the ages of5 and 14 years (mean: 8.33±2.82 standard error), 50 patients received amoxicillin, 52 azitromycin and 49 cefprozil. At the end of the treatment improvement rates were 72 %,80.7 %, and 69.3 % respectively (p>0.05). The occurrence rates of adverse effects were 8 %, 7 %, and 10 % in these groups respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We emphasize that clinicians should prefer appropriate antibiotics for acute sinusitis in children, in regard to the parameters of low cost, high compliance and minimum adverse effects.peer-reviewe

Procoagulant and Anticoagulant Factors in Childhood Hypothyroidism

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thyroid hormone deficiencies in childhood on the elements of coagulation proteins. Consecutive 54 children with hypothyroidism and 55 healthy controls aged 1 month–16 years were enrolled. One year after Na-L-thyroxine treatment, the study parameters were reevaluated. Thyroid function tests, procoagulant and anticoagulant proteins were performed for children with hypothyroidism and healthy controls. Significant decreased results were found in children with hypothyroidism in terms of fibrinogen, TT, and anticoagulant proteins including AT, PC, PS, and fPS. Significant increases were found with respect to APTT, fibrinogen, and TT. In the evaluation of posttreatment changes a statistically significant increase was found in vWF, FVIII, AT, PC, PS, and fPS. A positive correlation was found between fT4 and vWF, FVIII, PC, and PS. We would like to emphasize that the coagulation system especially vWF and FVIII, and particularly the anticoagulant system, should be monitored closely in patients followed up for hypothyroidism. Thyroid hormones should be examined and, if necessary, hormone replacement therapy should be administered in patients followed up for a predisposition to coagulation. Additionally, further studies with larger series are needed to investigate the effects of hypothyroidism on the coagulation system

Re-emergence of genotype G9 during a five-and-a-half-year period in Turkish children with rotavirus diarrhea.

This study was done to understand the dynamics of rotavirus genotype distribution in Turkish children. Samples were collected from January 2006 through August 2011 from children at a hospital in Ankara. Rotavirus was detected in 28 % (241/889) of the samples. Genotype G9P[8] was predominant (28 %), followed by G1P[8] (16.3 %) and G2P[8] (15.9 %). G9 was absent in the samples from 2006 and 2007 and then re-emerged in 2008 and increased gradually. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Turkish G9 rotaviruses of the present study formed a sublineage with strains from Italy and Ethiopia, possibly indicating spread of a clone in these countrie

Insulin sensitivity obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test and its relationship with birthweight

Background: Glucose intolerance and insulin sensitivity in preadolescent children might predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult life in small for gestational age (SGA) children. We aimed to investi-gate whether reduced birthweight is related to low insulin sensitivity in preadolescence. Subjects and Methods: Twenty-five SGA children and 29 appropriate for gestational age children (AGA) children born between 1993 and 1994 were evaluated for insulin sensitivity in preadolescence. At the beginning of the study, body mass index (BMI) was calculated and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed. Blood samples to measure glucose and insulin were taken every 30 minutes during OGTT. Homeostasis of model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and composite index (CI) values were measured to assess insulin sen-sitivity. Results: On the OGTT, 120-minute glucose and insulin levels were higher in SGA than AGA children ( P =0.02 and P =0.001, respectively). Although there was no difference between HOMA-IR values, the mean CI value was lower in SGA than AGA children ( P =0.001). There was an inverse correlation between birthweight and 120-min-ute glucose concentrations (r=-0.30, P =0.02). This correlation was stronger between birthweight and 120-min-ute insulin concentrations (r=-0.50, P =0.001). BMI was positively correlated with 120-minute insulin (r=0.50, P =0.001). There was no relationship between HOMA-IR values and birth size, but the CI index was positively correlated with birthweight (r=0.40, P =0.002). Conclusions: Birthweight may be a predictive factor for insulin sensitivity and CI is more reliable than HOMA-IR to assess this sensitivity in preadolescence

Dysfunctional voiding in children with asthma

Soyer, Tutku/0000-0003-1505-6042WOS: 000316110800020PubMed: 23378565A prospective study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of suspected dysfunctional voiding (DV) and associated risk factors in children with asthma. The DV is defined as any voiding symptoms and/or urinary incontinence. Children (4-10-year-old) with asthma (n=178) and healthy subjects (n=197) were enrolled. DV and Incontinence Scoring System were administrated. Demographic features and asthma related characteristics were recorded. Suspected DV was noted in 19 (27.9%) of patients with asthma and 5 (6.6%) of healthy subjects in children younger than 6 years of age (p=0.001). In this patient group, asthma increased the risk of suspected DV (OR=5.7 (95% CI 1.988 to 16.344)). Children with asthma older than 6 years of age had similar prevalence of suspected DV but they had higher frequency of voiding and urgency. Asthma is associated with higher DV symptom scores in younger children who have already completed toilet training and with some of DV symptoms such as frequency and urgency in older children.European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Congress in Istanbul, TurkeyThis study was presented at the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Congress in 2011 in Istanbul, Turkey, and was awarded the best poster presentation

Re-emergence of genotype G9 during a five-and-a-half-year period in Turkish children with rotavirus diarrhea

This study was done to understand the dynamics of rotavirus genotype distribution in Turkish children. Samples were collected from January 2006 through August 2011 from children at a hospital in Ankara. Rotavirus was detected in 28 \% (241/889) of the samples. Genotype G9P{[}8] was predominant (28 \%), followed by G1P{[}8] (16.3 \%) and G2P{[}8] (15.9 \%). G9 was absent in the samples from 2006 and 2007 and then re-emerged in 2008 and increased gradually. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Turkish G9 rotaviruses of the present study formed a sublineage with strains from Italy and Ethiopia, possibly indicating spread of a clone in these countries

Abusive Head Trauma in Turkey and Impact of Multidisciplinary Team Establishment Efforts on Case Finding and Management: Preliminary Findings

Aim: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is the most common cause of death as the result of child abuse. A task force is planned to provide training on AHT to professionals in different disciplines on clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and organization of multidisciplinary evaluation at the hospital and community levels. This study reports on the preliminary findings of the pre-intervention phase of a larger study