Parallel computing of numerical schemes and big data analytic for solving real life applications

This paper proposed the several real life applications for big data analytic using parallel computing software. Some parallel computing software under consideration are Parallel Virtual Machine, MATLAB Distributed Computing Server and Compute Unified Device Architecture to simulate the big data problems. The parallel computing is able to overcome the poor performance at the runtime, speedup and efficiency of programming in sequential computing. The mathematical models for the big data analytic are based on partial differential equations and obtained the large sparse matrices from discretization and development of the linear equation system. Iterative numerical schemes are used to solve the problems. Thus, the process of computational problems are summarized in parallel algorithm. Therefore, the parallel algorithm development is based on domain decomposition of problems and the architecture of difference parallel computing software. The parallel performance evaluations for distributed and shared memory architecture are investigated in terms of speedup, efficiency, effectiveness and temporal performance

Comparison between Scheduling Techniques in Long Term Evolution

Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a recently evolving technology characterized by very high speed data rate that allows users to access internet through their mobile as well as through other electronic devices.  Such technology is intended to support variety of IP-based heterogeneous traffic types. Traffic scheduling plays an important role in LTE technology by assigning the shared resources among users in the most efficient manner. This paper discusses the performance of three types of scheduling algorithms namely: Round Robin, best Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) and Proportional Fair (PF) schedulers representing the extreme cases in scheduling. The scheduling algorithms performances on the downlink were measured in terms of throughput and block error rate using a MATLAB-based system level simulation. Results indicate that the best CQI algorithm outperforms other algorithms in terms of throughput levels but on the expense of fairness to other users suffering from bad channel conditions. ABSTRAK: Teknologi baru Evolusi Jangka Panjang (LTE) sentiasa berubah dan ia bercirikan kelajuan kadar data sangat tinggi yang membolehkan pengguna mengakses internet melalui telefon bimbit dan peranti elektronik lain. Teknologi seperti ini bertujuan menyokong pelbagai jenis trafik heterogen berasaskan IP. Penjadualan trafik memainkan peranan penting dalam teknologi LTE bagi mengagihkan sumber perkongsian secara paling berkesan di kalangan pengguna. Kertas ini membincangkan prestasi tiga jenis algoritma penjadualan iaitu: pusingan Robin, penunjuk kualiti saluran (CQI) terbaik dan  penjadualan berkadar adil (PF) yang merupakan kes ekstrem dalam penjadualan. Prestasi penjadualan Algoritma di pautan turun diukur dari segi daya pemprosesan dan kadar ralat blok melalui simulasi  sistem menggunakan MATLAB. Hasil kajian menunjukkan algoritma CQI adalah yang terbaik berbanding hasil algoritma lain dari segi tahap daya pemprosesan tetapi algoritma ini menyebabkan pengguna lain mengalami keadaan saluran buruk. KEYWORDS: LTE; round robin; best CQI; proportional fair; scheduling; resource block

OFDM Transmission in A Converged 60 GHz MMW RoF over OFDM-PON

The effect of the optical fiber transmission link on 60GHz OFDM signal in a converged 60 GHz Radio over Fiber and OFDM-PON is investigated. In order to achieve an acceptable performance of the received 60GHz OFDM signal in the OFDMPON network architecture, a standardized EVM range (2-5%) for most of the modern wireless systems that utilize OFDM waveforms must be implemented. The performance of the converged 60GHz RoF over OFDM-PON achieved a better constellation diagram for the received OFDM signal with optimum RF power of 6dBm thus providing the target range EVM measurement

Low-cost MIMO-RoF-PON architecture for next-generation integrated wired and wireless access networks

Next-generation integrated fiber-wireless access networks will require low-cost and high-capacity deployment to meet customer demand. A new configuration of radio over fiber-passive optical network (RoF-PON) architecture, including two 60 GHz multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) based on a 5G universal filtered multicarrier waveform and wired signal utilizing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), is described. At the optical line terminal, MIMO signals are integrated as upper and lower sidebands of the wired OFDM signal. This integration approach, employing single-sideband frequency translation, reduces the complexity of the transceiver design and provides high spectral efficiency because the two MIMO-RoF and wired signals transmit at the same frequency. Improved techniques are also employed to upconvert and downconvert the 60 GHz millimeter wave (MMW), being remote optical heterodyning and self-heterodyning, respectively. The MIMO-RoF signals are therefore transmitted at low frequency over the standard single-mode fiber to avoid the impairments induced at higher frequencies, and the remote optical local oscillator is reused to downconvert the two 60 GHz MMWs, producing a cost-effective system. Simulation results demonstrate very satisfactory network performance when using a downstream link over a 20 km span standard PON

60GHZ MIMO-GFDM RoF Over OFDM-PON

A seamless fiber-wireless (FiWi) network architecture utilizing multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless transmission based on a 5G generalised frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) waveform and a wired orthogonal frequency division multiplexed passive optical network (OFDMPON) is presented. Using the single sideband frequency translation technique (SSB-FTT) and optical remote heterodyne reception, efficient convergence and transmission of wireless and wired connectivity was achieved. This paper presents a simulated transmission of 60GHz MIMO-GFDM at 1 Gb/s and OFDMPON signal at 2.5 Gb/s data rate over a 20 km standard-PON span with an acceptable error vector magnitude (EVM), and bit error rate (BER)

Converged Radio Over Fiber and OFDM-PON based on Single-Sideband Frequency Translation Technique

Future passive optical networks will require simultaneous provision of wired and wireless services to provide high-capacity and high-speed information access network to overcome the capacity demand. In this paper, a converged fiber-wireless (FiWi) network architecture including an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing passive optical network (OFDM-PON) and a radio over fiber (RoF) system is proposed. Two multiple-input multiple-output radio over fiber channels are inserted into the left and right side of OFDM-PON spectrum, using a single-sideband frequency translation (SSB-FT) technique. The significant merit of the proposed architecture is its high spectral efficiency as the two multiple-input multiple-output radio over fiber channels and OFDM-PON transmit at the same frequency, which reduces the complexity of transceiver design by applying a novel method for the implementation of local oscillators in both transmitter and receiver. A proof-of-concept downstream link over 20 km standard-PON was conducted by simulation to demonstrate the performance of the proposed converged fiber-wireless network architecture and the link performance was assessed using error vector magnitude and bit error rate

Self-Sensing of Flexural Damage in Large-Scale Steel-Reinforced Mortar Beams

AL-DAHAWI, Ali/0000-0001-7836-1525WOS: 000478070000023The majority of self-sensing studies conducted in current literature uses small-scale specimens without steel reinforcement which might be misleading for damage monitoring in actual structures. To account for this, herein, the main emphasis was placed on self-sensing sensing evaluation of large-scale (100 x 150 x 1000 mm(3) [3.94 x 5.91 x 39.4 in.(3)] width x height x length) reinforced mortar beam elements tested under four-point bending. For the purposes of self-sensing, either chopped carbon fibers (CFs) or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were used in beams to achieve desirable electrical properties. Assessment of self-sensing was made by tracking the fractional changes in electrical resistivity (FCER) with respect to midspan beam displacement under flexural loading. Results related to electrical properties were recorded from brass electrodes embedded in specimens in fresh state using a resistivity meter using alternating current. Self-sensing results of large-scale beams were also backed by mechanical/structural characterization. Experimental findings suggest that use of CF and CNT in beam elements is significantly effective in modifying the overall failure types for the given reinforcement configuration. Proposed measurement setup is successful in capturing the flexural self-sensing data regardless of the type of carbon-based material. At low levels of damage, for both CF- and CNT-bearing beams, self-sensing and damage occurrence measured by the level of beam deformation are well-fit to each other, although this is clearer for specimens with CF However; at high levels of damage, most probably due to rupturing of individual fibers, clearer abrupt changes in FCER results of CF-bearing beams are monitored, although this is not the case for beams with CNT. Taking into account the production cost, performance, and easier mixability of different carbon-based materials within the relatively dense cementitious systems of beam elements, use of CF seems to be more advantageous than the use of CNT for an efficient self-sensing assessment of real-time structural elements.Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [114R043]The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance of the Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) of Turkey provided under Project: 114R043

Low-Cost Integration of MIMO-RoF based on 5G UFMC Waveform and Wired OFDM Signal over PON

A low cost fibre-wireless (FiWi) convergent network architecture including two multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless signals based on a 5G universal filter multicarrier (UFMC) waveform and wired signal over orthogonal frequency division multiplexed passive optical network (OFDM-PON) is presented. The proposed scheme utilizes a single side band frequency translation (SSB-FT) technique to provide a smooth and cost-efficient convergent system. A proof-of-concept downstream link over a 20 km standard-PON is conducted by simulation to confirm the successful transmission of 1 Gb/s data rate for each MIMO and 2.5 Gb/s for the wired signal using error vector magnitude (EVM) and bit error rate (BER) measurements