Structure de la phrase et valeur syntaxique de ses éléments dans le rappel

Summary We have studied the recall of two types of sentences when a word of the sentence was used as a cue. The sentences used possessed the same surface structure and were compo-sed of the same lexical formatives except the last which was later used as a eue. It was shown that these sentences are diffently rernembered at the moment of recall depending to the functional role of the cue-word. The cue-word which is the "logical subject" of the sentence is a more effective mnemonic aid than an adverbial which occupies the same place in the surface structure.Résumé Nous avons étudié le rappel de deux types de phrases à partir d'un mot de la phrase utilisé à titre d'aide mnémonique. Les phrases utilisées possèdent une même structure de surface et sont composées des mêmes formatifs lexicaux, sauf le dernier de la séquence qui est utilisé par la suite comme indice de rappel. On a montré que ces phrases sont différemment induites au moment du rappel en fonction du rôle fonctionnel du mot indice. Le mot-indice qui est le « sujet logique » de la phrase étant une aide mnémonique plus efficace qu'un circonstanciel qui occupe la même place dans la structure de surface.Segui Juan, Dachet F. Structure de la phrase et valeur syntaxique de ses éléments dans le rappel. In: L'année psychologique. 1970 vol. 70, n°2. pp. 461-466

Development of a real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer PCR to identify the main pathogenic Campylobacter spp.

ABSTRACTA simple real-time fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) PCR, targeting the gyrA gene outside the quinolone resistance-determining region, was developed to identify Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli. These species were distinguished easily, as the corresponding melting points showed a difference of 15°C. A second assay using the same biprobe and PCR conditions, but different PCR primers, was also developed to identify the less frequently encountered Campylobacter fetus. These assays were applied to 807 Campylobacter isolates from clinical specimens. Compared to phenotypic identification tests, the FRET assay yielded the same results for all except three of the isolates. Analysis by standard PCR and 16S rDNA sequencing demonstrated that two of these isolates were hippurate-negative C. jejuni strains, resulting in an erroneous phenotypic identification, while the third was an isolate of C. coli that contained a gyrA gene typical of C. jejuni, resulting in misidentification by the FRET assay. The FRET assay identified more isolates than standard PCR, which failed to yield amplification products with c. 10% of isolates. It was concluded that the FRET assays were rapid, reliable, reproducible and relatively cost-efficient, as they require only one biprobe and can be performed directly on boiled isolates

TaqI B1/B2 and -629A/C cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene polymorphisms and their association with CETP activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in a Tehranian population. Part of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS)

We examined the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene TaqI intron 1 B1/B2 polymorphism and the -629A/C CETP promoter polymorphism in respect to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in a healthy Iranian population taken from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS). The relationship between CETP activity and HDL-C level was also determined along with body mass index, blood pressure and tobacco smoking status. PCR-RFLP used to amplify a segment of the CETP intron 1 TaqI (B2/B1) polymorphism from 1021 individuals and we selected 345 individuals from the lowest, middle and highest HDL-C deciles and investigated the -629A/C polymorphism. We also evaluated the CETP activity of 103 of these individuals, each with at least one homozygous allele. The presence of the TaqI B2 and -629A/C A alleles were significantly associated with increased HDL-C levels (B2B2 = 1.19 &plusmn; 0.31 mmolL-1 vs. B1B1 = 1.01 &plusmn; 0.2 mmol L-1 for p < 0.001; AA = 1.15 &plusmn; 0.41 mmol L-1 vs. CC = 0.95 &plusmn; 0.28 mmol L-1 for p < 0.001) and decreased the CETP activity (B1B1 = 67.8 &plusmn; 8.9 pmol L-1 vs. B2B2 = 62.6 &plusmn; 9.6 pmol L-1 for p < 0.01; CC = 68.6 &plusmn; 8.4 pmol L-1 vs. AA = 62.7 &plusmn; 9.7 pmol L-1 for p < 0.002). The frequencies were 0.382 for the TaqI B2 allele and 0.462 for the -629A/C A allele, with linkage disequilibrium analysis giving D = 0.0965 and D' = 0.4695. We demonstrated that the TaqI B1 and B2 alleles and the -629A/C A and C alleles were in linkage disequilibrium in our population and that there was a significant association between the B2 and A alleles and high HDL-C levels and low CETP activity. Linkage disequilibrium between the TaqI A and B2 alleles also detected

The long non-coding RNA NEAT1 is responsive to neuronal activity and is associated with hyperexcitability states

Despite their abundance, the molecular functions of long non-coding RNAs in mammalian nervous systems remain poorly understood. Here we show that the long non-coding RNA, NEAT1, directly modulates neuronal excitability and is associated with pathological seizure states. Specifically, NEAT1 is dynamically regulated by neuronal activity in vitro and in vivo, binds epilepsy-associated potassium channel-interacting proteins including KCNAB2 and KCNIP1, and induces a neuronal hyper-potentiation phenotype in iPSC-derived human cortical neurons following antisense oligonucleotide knockdown. Next generation sequencing reveals a strong association of NEAT1 with increased ion channel gene expression upon activation of iPSC-derived neurons following NEAT1 knockdown. Furthermore, we show that while NEAT1 is acutely down-regulated in response to neuronal activity, repeated stimulation results in NEAT1 becoming chronically unresponsive in independent in vivo rat model systems relevant to temporal lobe epilepsy. We extended previous studies showing increased NEAT1 expression in resected cortical tissue from high spiking regions of patients suffering from intractable seizures. Our results indicate a role for NEAT1 in modulating human neuronal activity and suggest a novel mechanistic link between an activity-dependent long non-coding RNA and epilepsy