Transadaptation and Bollywoodisation in Tanika Gupta’s Hobson’s Choice and Wah! Wah! Girls

This is the final version. Available on open access from De Gruyter via the DOI in this recordTanika Gupta's varied work as a playwright encompasses transadaptation in a range of forms. This article will focus on two of her plays, Hobson's Choice (2003/2019) and Wah! Wah! Girls (2012), exploring the ways in which she depicts representations of South Asian communities in Britain in different ways. Hobson's Choice reworks the original 1916 play to being set among the Bengali community working in the rag trade in Salford. The play focuses on the father of the family, Hari Hobson, who runs a clothing factory and lives with his three daughters. The 2019 reworking of the play changes the setting to a Ugandan Asian family in Manchester in 1987. Wah! Wah! Girls is set in East London, having been commissioned as part of the Cultural Olympiad. Focusing on a mujra-style dancing club and the different communities surrounding it, the play includes transadaptations of well-known dance routines from Bollywood films integrated into the action, playing on nostalgia and familiarity for South Asian communities, as well as offering a picture of contemporary multicultural London. Both plays, in different ways, use transadaptation of setting and form to examine what it means to be British and Asian in different contexts, and this article will analyse whether this is successful in creating a meaningful interrogation of the experience of British South Asians on stage.Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC

Teaching Tabla in the Classroom: the process of transadaptation in creating a new teaching and notation system

This is the final version.This article examines the cultural and pedagogical issues involved with a practicebased research project developing a series of teaching books and a notation system for teaching the Indian tabla drums in schools in the UK. The project worked with both classical Indian musicians and teachers, and Western percussionists and teachers, to create an approach that respected the original musical and teaching context, whilst also adapting it to be suitable for teaching in schools. The issues of adapting traditions, problems with ‘authenticity’, and finding new ways to teach music from other cultures are explored through the term ‘transadaptation’ to question how to ‘translate’ practices and traditions in a sensitive way to make them accessible in the new context.Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC

Magnetization reversal processes in epitaxial Fe/GaAs(001) films

Copyright © 1994 American Institute of PhysicsIn this article we present the results of a detailed study of the switching behavior observed in epitaxial single Fe films of thickness between 30 and 450 Å, and a wedge shaped Fe film with a thickness range of 10–60 Å grown on GaAs (001). These films have cubic and uniaxial anisotropies which change with film thickness. For the fixed thickness films the values of the anisotropy constants were accurately determined by Brillouin light scattering (BLS) measurements together with polar magneto‐optic Kerr effect (MOKE) measurements that gave the value of the magnetization. The switching behavior of these samples was observed with in‐plane MOKE magnetometry as a function of the angle between the applied field and the in‐plane crystallographic axes. Measurements of the component of magnetization perpendicular to the applied field allow a precise determination of the relative orientation of the hard and easy in‐plane anisotropy axes. This can be used to accurately determine the ratio of uniaxial to cubic anisotropy constants, when this ratio is less than one. The ratios obtained from MOKE agree well with those obtained from BLS. Minimum energy calculations predict that the reversal process should proceed by a continuous rotation of the magnetization vector with either one or two irreversible jumps, depending on the applied field orientation and the nature of the anisotropy of the film. The calculations provide a good qualitative description of the observed reversal process, although the magnetic microstructure influences the exact values of the switching fields

To Be Re-Bitten and to Re-Become: examining repeated embodied acts in ritual performance

Image courtesy of Wellcome Trust: http://catalogue.wellcomelibrary.org/record=b1465534This article will examine the use of repetition through two ritual performance contexts: the rimorso repetition of the ritual of tarantism in Salento, Southern Italy, and the deity yoga practice incorporating mudras, mantras and mandalas found in the Vajrayana tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. The two contexts will offer differing approaches to the practice and experience of repetition, whilst also demonstrating how repeating a movement, sound and image can be used to develop a greater bodymind connection that reinforces a sense of identity, belonging and devotion through the act of repeating. The use of repetition in these two ritual performance contexts will be explored through aspects of Buddhist philosophy, in particular how that repetition can create an altering effect on the ‘self’ of the practitioner through an understanding of the ways in which that ‘self’ is constructed. This will involve examining notions such as anatta (non-self) and the skhandas to show how the practice of repetition is a means to create a transformation of the ‘self’ through the action of repeating. This offers the potential for applying this understanding to actors, both at a somatic level of personal development, and also as a means for ‘be-coming’ a character through repeated actions that can alter the bodymind to align to that of the character. This all examines a paradox inherent in repetition in ritual performance: that it is through the action of repeating the same thing that leads to a process of transformation in the bodymind

Clinical utility of PKD2 mutation testing in a polycystic kidney disease cohort attending a specialist nephrology out-patient clinic.

BACKGROUND: ADPKD affects approximately 1:1000 of the worldwide population. It is caused by mutations in two genes, PKD1 and PKD2. Although allelic variation has some influence on disease severity, genic effects are strong, with PKD2 mutations predicting later onset of ESRF by up to 20 years. We therefore screened a cohort of ADPKD patients attending a nephrology out-patient clinic for PKD2 mutations, to identify factors that can be used to offer targeted gene testing and to provide patients with improved prognostic information. METHODS: 142 consecutive individuals presenting to a hospital nephrology out-patient service with a diagnosis of ADPKD and CKD stage 4 or less were screened for mutations in PKD2, following clinical evaluation and provision of a detailed family history (FH). RESULTS: PKD2 mutations were identified in one fifth of cases. 12% of non-PKD2 patients progressed to ESRF during this study whilst none with a PKD2 mutation did (median 38.5 months of follow-up, range 16-88 months, p < 0.03). A significant difference was found in age at ESRF of affected family members (non-PKD2 vs. PKD2, 54 yrs vs. 65 yrs; p < 0.0001). No PKD2 mutations were identified in patients with a FH of ESRF occurring before age 50 yrs, whereas a PKD2 mutation was predicted by a positive FH without ESRF. CONCLUSIONS: PKD2 testing has a clinically significant detection rate in the pre-ESRF population. It did not accurately distinguish those individuals with milder renal disease defined by stage of CKD but did identify a group less likely to progress to ESRF. When used with detailed FH, it offers useful prognostic information for individuals and their families. It can therefore be offered to all but those whose relatives have developed ESRF before age 50

Continuous evolution of the in-plane magnetic anisotropies with thickness in epitaxial Fe films

Copyright © 1996 American Institute of Physics.We have studied the evolution of the magnetic in‐plane anisotropy in epitaxial Fe/GaAs films of both (001) and (110) orientation as a function of the Fe layer thickness using the longitudinal magneto‐optic Kerr effect and Brillouin light scattering. Magnetization curves which are recorded in situ during film growth reveal a continuous change of the net anisotropy axes with increasing film thickness. This behavior can be understood to arise from the combination of a uniaxial and a cubic in‐plane magnetic anisotropy which are both thickness dependent. Structural analysis of the substrate and Fe film surfaces provides insight into the contribution of atomic steps at the interfaces to the magnetic anisotropy. Changing the degree of crystalline order at the Fe–GaAs interface allows us to conclude that the magnetic anisotropies are determined by atomic scale order

Working With the Tangible: Radiation, A Twenty-First Century Interpretation

The intangible means of expression was a topic of investigation across various disciplines when Michael Chekhov was developing his pedagogic practice. In the world of science, Harold Saxton Burr and Albert Szent-Gyorgi, were examining the body as a conductor of energy. Their research was relevant to Chekhov's approach regarding how the actor communicates with internal and external stimulus. This article begins with an analysis of Chekhov's theories on Radiation, it moves on to offer insights into science and energy work with reference to cell Biologist James Oschman and his concept of ‘the living matrix’ and Mae Wan Ho's critique of quantum cohesion. Examples of praxis demonstrate that contemporary science and body work can provide a greater understanding of how Radiation and the organisation of energy can enhance performance

Something in the atmosphere? Michael Chekhov, Deirdre Hurst Du Prey, and a web of practices between acting and dance

This article contextualises principles of Chekhov’s technique within convergent developments in dance by bringing into focus the interesting web of connections between Chekhov’s female colleagues — specifically his associate Deirdre Hurst Du Prey — and key pioneers in the field of dance and dance-mime, including Mary Wigman, Isadora Duncan, Martha Graham and Margaret Barr. Their cross-connections broaden our view on the canon of embodied theatre practice, and also open up reflection on how overlaps between acting- and dance principles may be useful for contemporary embodied theatre practice and its efforts to work across these currently (in the Western conservatoire context) quite segregated disciplines

Oscillatory biquadratic coupling in Fe/Cr/Fe(001)

Copyright © 1997 The American Physical SocietyPolar Kerr measurements have been used to measure the dependence of the biquadratic coupling strength B12 on Cr thickness in an Fe/Cr/Fe trilayer. The overall behavior, which consists of a maximum coupling strength at dCr=5 Å (3.5 ML) with a falloff at greater Cr thicknesses, is found to be consistent with in-plane Kerr and Brillouin light-scattering measurements performed on the same sample. The polar Kerr measurements suggest additionally that B12 increases from zero near zero Cr thickness, and that it oscillates in magnitude after the first peak, with a second peak in B12 occurring at about dCr=12 Å (8.3 ML). The positions and heights of the first and second biquadratic coupling maxima, in relation to the first bilinear coupling maximum, show excellent agreement with previous measurements by Köbler et al. of the biquadratic coupling behavior in Fe/Cr/Fe, and also show good agreement with the predictions of an intrinsic biquadratic coupling mechanism due to Edwards et al

Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole versus clopidogrel alone or aspirin and dipyridamole in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia (TARDIS): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 superiority trial

Background: Intensive antiplatelet therapy with three agents might be more effective than guideline treatment for preventing recurrent events in patients with acute cerebral ischaemia. We aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of intensive antiplatelet therapy (combined aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole) with that of guideline-based antiplatelet therapy. Methods: We did an international, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial in adult participants with ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) within 48 h of onset. Participants were assigned in a 1:1 ratio using computer randomisation to receive loading doses and then 30 days of intensive antiplatelet therapy (combined aspirin 75 mg, clopidogrel 75 mg, and dipyridamole 200 mg twice daily) or guideline-based therapy (comprising either clopidogrel alone or combined aspirin and dipyridamole). Randomisation was stratified by country and index event, and minimised with prognostic baseline factors, medication use, time to randomisation, stroke-related factors, and thrombolysis. The ordinal primary outcome was the combined incidence and severity of any recurrent stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic; assessed using the modified Rankin Scale) or TIA within 90 days, as assessed by central telephone follow-up with masking to treatment assignment, and analysed by intention to treat. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN47823388. Findings: 3096 participants (1556 in the intensive antiplatelet therapy group, 1540 in the guideline antiplatelet therapy group) were recruited from 106 hospitals in four countries between April 7, 2009, and March 18, 2016. The trial was stopped early on the recommendation of the data monitoring committee. The incidence and severity of recurrent stroke or TIA did not differ between intensive and guideline therapy (93 [6%] participants vs 105 [7%]; adjusted common odds ratio [cOR] 0·90, 95% CI 0·67–1·20, p=0·47). By contrast, intensive antiplatelet therapy was associated with more, and more severe, bleeding (adjusted cOR 2·54, 95% CI 2·05–3·16, p<0·0001). Interpretation: Among patients with recent cerebral ischaemia, intensive antiplatelet therapy did not reduce the incidence and severity of recurrent stroke or TIA, but did significantly increase the risk of major bleeding. Triple antiplatelet therapy should not be used in routine clinical practice