A ARBITRARIEDADE QUE NÃO SE ENCONTRA

Neste artigo, trata-se de deslocar as interpretações habituais acerca do que seja a arbitrariedade no sentido saussuriano do termo. Nosso argumento é de molde a mostrar que, menos do que um conceito de algum modo derivado da observação dos dados lingüísticos, a arbitrariedade é uma noção correlativa a uma certa imposição epistemológica, a saber, a exclusão radical do tema da origem da linguagem

Outras saúdes catadas: a experiência com a comunidade do Parque Ambiental Sambaiatuba - São Vicente/SP

One of the major environmental problems in São Vicente, is the area where worked the "city dump" located in Sambaiatuba dike. The City hall of São Vicente closed the place, turning it into an Ecological Park but they still live in difficult conditions of exile and degradation. The objective of this study was through narratives, track, describe and provide life experiences and perhaps other health concepts, produced by the population of "pickers" Environmental Park Sambaiatuba by prospecting their habits, conflicts with the law, adopting rules, vicissitudes in labor activities, in the sociability process. Follow the desires, ways of living and salute that this population generates and sustains it formed in the course of research, an analyzer of self caring actions nowadays. This research was a possibility of bringing the approach by singularilites - questioning actions marked by prescriptions normalizing, sanitary policing, hygienism, evidence-based health, risk society, eugenics, protocols and risk factors - from their experiences and pre established health, a kind of contamination with new worlds of knowledge, pain, vitalities, ruins, joy, power and impotence. The methodology used was to retrospective research, descriptive and built from qualitative approach. the literature, or secondary sources included published literature in relation to the subject of study which, includes spare publications, books, articles, journals, literary fragments, thesis, and cartographic material. Focus group was used as a data production instrument, data field notes, semi-structured interviews and affective maps that converged to all creation narratives in a shrt story format. Those data were established operating with the cartographic device proposed by Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari and the problems were built during the research experience and not from ready structural models or pre-drawn paths. Integrated research through the narrative, the old "pickers", now members of Coopercial of the stories here related. In these writings were attending problems that envolves issues and health concepts. Many questions emerged in the research as the multiple ecologies (not just environmental ecology), problems involving risk-animality and sanitary police, the displacement of health care as ambassador of a sad and asepctic health, the issue of "unimportant lifes" that anyway care. The material produced allowed the construction of a film, called Coragyps atratus, made from compilations of other productions that echoed with what is investigating, along with material shot in site. The "model" health first introduced to this community did not produce effects in resonance with them, your organization differed much from those recommended by the norms. The needing of going trough and being trough by the ways of life the community, were essesntial to discuss this research was only possible when an availability of research allowed me to walk around with a bag and "pick healths" and singularities with the eyes of who wants to see in the dark of contemporary and be closers to theis worlds.Um dos grandes problemas ambientais do município de São Vicente, é a área onde funcionava o "lixão municipal", localizado no dique Sambaiatuba. A prefeitura de São Vicente desativou o local, transformando-o em um Parque Ecológico, entretanto estes catadores ainda vivem em condições problemáticas entre o degredo e a degradação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, através de narrativas, acompanhar, descrever e constituir experiências de vida e talvez de outras saúdes, produzidas pela população de "catadores" do Parque Ambiental Sambaiatuba através da prospecção de seus hábitos, conflitos com a lei, instauração de normas, vicissitudes nas atividades laborais, em suma na produção de sociabilidades. Acompanhar os desejos, modos de viver e saúdes que esta população produz sustenta constituiu-se, no decurso da pesquisa, em um analisador das ações de cuidado de si no contemporâneo. Esta investigação foi uma possibilidade de aproximação dos catadores através de singularidades - problematizando ações marcadas por prescrições normatizadoras, policiamento sanitário, higienismo, saúde baseada em evidências, sociedade de risco, eugenia, protocolos e fatores de riso - com suas experiências e saúdes pré-estabelecidas, uma relação de contaminação com mundos de saberes, dores, vitalidades, ruínas, alegrias, potência e impotência. A metodologia utilizada foi a de pesquisa retrospectiva, descritiva e construída a partir de abordagem qualitativa. A pesquisa bibliográfica, ou de fontes secundárias, abrangeu bibliografia publicada em relação ao tema de estudo, que inclui publicações avulsas, livros, artigos, jornais, fragmentos literários, teses, e material cartográfico. Como instrumento de produção de dados foram utilizadas questões do grupo focal, anotações de diário de campo, de entrevistas semiestruturadas e mapas afetivos que convergiram todos para constituição de narrativas no formato de pequenas histórias. Os dados constituídos foram trabalhados operando com o dispositivo cartográfico proposto por Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari e os problemas foram construídos no decurso da experiência de pesquisa e não a partir de modelos estruturais prontos ou caminhos pré-traçados. Integraram a investigação através das narrativas, os antigos catadores, hoje cooperados, que trabalham na Coopercial pelo fio condutor de histórias. Nestes escritos foram comparecendo problemas que enredam questões e concepções de saúde. Muitas questões emergiram na pesquisa, como as múltiplas ecologias (não apenas a ecologia ambiental), os problemas que implicam risco-animalidade e polícia sanitária, o deslocamento do trabalho em saúde como embaixador de uma saúde triste e asséptica, a questão das "vidas quaisquer" que de todo modo importam. O material produzido permitiu a construção de um filme, denominado Coragyps atratus, feito a partir de compilações de outras produções que ecoavam com aquilo que se investigava, juntamente com material filmado no local. Entendemos que "modelo" de saúde apresentado inicialmente a esta comunidade não produzia efeitos em ressonância com eles, sua organização diferia, em muito, daquelas preconizadas pelas normatizações. A necessidade de transpassar e ser transpassado pelos modos de viver daquela comunidade, foram essenciais, para discutir este trabalho que só foi possível, quando uma disponibilidade de pesquisa, permitiu-me passear com um "saco" e "catar" saúdes e singularidades com os olhos de quem quer enxergar no escuro do contemporâneo e avizinhar-se de seus mundos.Dados abertos - Sucupira - Teses e dissertações (2013 a 2016

Characterization of Effluents Generated During the Cleaning of Expansion Tanks Used to Store Raw Milk in Brazil / Caracterização dos Efluentes Gerados Durante a Limpeza dos Tanques de Expansão Usados para Armazenar Leite Cru no Brasil

The objective of this study was to characterize the effluents generated during the cleaning of the expansion tanks used to store raw milk in Brazil. Fifteen expansion tanks were chosen and three samples collected from each tank, as well as measuring the temperature and volume. The biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), acidity, pH, alkalinity, total phosphorus, nitrogen, fats and oils, hardness, turbidity and total dissolved solids were determined. The statistical design adopted was completely at random and the Scott-Knott test was adopted to compare the means that differed significantly according to the F test. The multivariate data analysis was also carried out and studied by the principal component analysis (PCA) and the grouping analysis for similarity, as represented by a dendogram. The effluents were not treated and some of them (26.7%) were discharged into water courses. The concentrations of the organic matter indicators and the results of the physicochemical analyses of the expansion tank washing effluents showed that the majority of the variables were above the legal standards established by Brazilian legislation. Thus an adequate destiny for these effluents is required. The PCA showed that the variables with the greatest influence on the characteristics of the expansion tank effluents were related to the COD and nitrogen concentrations. A total of 88% of similarity was found between the effluents of the 15 tanks. According to the concentrations obtained for the phosphorus, nitrogen, COD and BOD of the effluents, they could be treated by the wetlands systems.The objective of this study was to characterize the effluents generated during the cleaning of the expansion tanks used to store raw milk in Brazil. Fifteen expansion tanks were chosen and three samples collected from each tank, as well as measuring the temperature and volume. The biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), acidity, pH, alkalinity, total phosphorus, nitrogen, fats and oils, hardness, turbidity and total dissolved solids were determined. The statistical design adopted was completely at random and the Scott-Knott test was adopted to compare the means that differed significantly according to the F test. The multivariate data analysis was also carried out and studied by the principal component analysis (PCA) and the grouping analysis for similarity, as represented by a dendogram. The effluents were not treated and some of them (26.7%) were discharged into water courses. The concentrations of the organic matter indicators and the results of the physicochemical analyses of the expansion tank washing effluents showed that the majority of the variables were above the legal standards established by Brazilian legislation. Thus an adequate destiny for these effluents is required. The PCA showed that the variables with the greatest influence on the characteristics of the expansion tank effluents were related to the COD and nitrogen concentrations. A total of 88% of similarity was found between the effluents of the 15 tanks. According to the concentrations obtained for the phosphorus, nitrogen, COD and BOD of the effluents, they could be treated by the wetlands systems

Military metaphors and the construction of bipolarity

This article aims to investigate the use of conceptual metaphors in texts published in the periodical Debates em Psiquiatria, between the years of 2011 and 2015. The texts are all about Bipolar Disorder. Our goals with this paper were to investigate which metaphors could be deduced from the linguistic expressions used by the medical class in the subjects related to Bipolar Disorder, to analyze how these expressions are related to a supposed mental illness, and how they can give indications about their conceptualization. In order to do so, we take metaphor not as a simple rhetorical figure, but as a fundamental cognitive operation that, from the seminal studies of Lakoff and Johnson, comes to be perceived as an essential component of everyday language and also in the ordinary way of conceptualizing the world. The results pointed that the required sources used for the conceptualization of the alleged disease were based on a relatively small number, and the most prevalent domain was war

Obtenção do módulo dinâmico de misturas asfálticas com agregados sintéticos de argila calcinada, utilizando o ensaio de compressão diametral

<span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: TimesNewRoman; font-size: xx-small;"><p align="left">No Brasil, o módulo dinâmico de misturas asfálticas ainda é pouco utilizado, sobretudo por ser, em regra, obtido por intermédio do estado de compressão ou da tração axial, a necessitar, em razão disso, de corpos de prova com aproximadamente 200 mm de altura, a partir de um compactador giratório. Tal imperativo dificulta os estudos realizados com amostras retiradas diretamente do pavimento. Neste trabalho, determinou-se o citado parâmetro por meio do ensaio de compressão diametral em corpos de prova compactados (Marshall) de misturas asfálticas, nas dimensões 101,5 × 63,50 mm. Figuraram como agregados graúdos os agregados sintéticos de argila calcinada (ASAC). Os resultados se mostraram equivalentes entre as misturas asfálticas com ASAC e segundo o ensaio de compressão diametral com aqueles obtidos pelo trabalho de KING (2004), quando utilizado o ensaio de compressão axial.</p></span></span&gt

A TV portuguesa à procura de cumprir uma promessa de participação

O presente artigo parte de um questionamento do que designamos a promessa de participação. Se há, de facto, um discurso recorrente sobre as novas tecnologias da comunicação e da informação, dele faz certamente parte um refrão discursivo, intensamente repetitivo, que não cessa de prometer uma acessibilidade generalizada à informação em circulação global, que comporta em si, e convoca, a possibilidade de uma nova cidadania de largo espectro social e político, promotora da realização do que autores como Pierre Lévy vêm designando como a ciberdemocracia. Trata-se de uma promessa que, notaremos, se renova a cada nova vaga tecnologicamente induzida, tendo tomado de assalto a produção discursiva de esferas públicas tão diversas (e, ao mesmo tempo, tão intercomunicantes) como a política, a social, a económica ou a académica. Tem-nos surgido, assim, renovada nos discursos sobre a convergência dos media que inclui, concomitantemente, a formulação do que designaríamos o ecrã convergente, para o qual tenderão os ecrãs que quotidianamente utilizamos e com os quais, de algum modo, interagimos. Entre os quais se conta, obviamente, o ecrã televisivo. A partir de um estudo teórico do ecrã televisivo e de um corpus empírico constituído a partir dos programas de canais de informação da televisão portuguesa, pretendemos indagar a verificação, ou não, dessa convergência como participação. Aquilo para que os nossos dados apontam é, contudo, uma lógica de resistência da centralidade do ecrã televisivo, que retém institucionalmente, e atrai para si, as lógicas e recursos socio-semióticos de controlo da produção da mensagem, mantendo-se fiel a um modelo de broadcasting, de sequência e fluxo centrados, tal como formulado nos anos 1970 nos trabalhos de Raymond Williams. Ainda distante da concretização da promessa da participação, este ecrã está longe de poder integrar as desejosas formulações da convergência, revelando-se, antes, como ecrã centrípeto.This article questions what we can call the promise of participation. Its assumptions are based on the current dominant discourses on the new technologies of information and communication. We will note that such discourses keep elaborating on a constantly selfrepeating refrain that never ceases to promise wide access and open possibilities of direct individual intervention in the global informational contents and debates, feeding the prospects of new digital forms of political and social citizenship able to promote what philosopher Pierre Lévy calls cyberdemocracy. This promise is renewed by each new wave of technological buzz. It simultaneously takes by storm the discoursive mainstream of public spheres such as the political, the social, the economic context or the academic, emerging through conceptual frames such as media convergence. These public debates often include the conceptualization of what we can sum up as the convergent screen, to which should converge the technological screens that we use on our daily lives, and with which we interact. Among them, of course, there is the television screen. We base this article on a thorough study of the television screen that is both theoretical and empirical: it focuses on an analysis of the screen as an apparatus and works on data from Portuguese news channels’ broadcasts to verify or deny the fulfillment of the promise through audience participation manifestations. Our conclusions will nonetheless point out a reiterated confirmation of the institutional strength of the television apparatus. Despite the constant technological developments that, along with the digitalization processes, suggest a whole new set of interactive possibilities, the television screen shows clear signs of control resistance by keeping its longtime built social and institutional centrality. It tends to concentrate and attract the main socio-semiological resources of production control and retains the Raymond Williams’ old defined broadcasting features of centralized sequence and flow. This television screen emerges then not as the convergent one that would fulfill the promise of participation, but as one we will call the centripetous screen.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

LUIZ COSTA LIMA: “O muito que escrevi nos vários livros que dediquei ao assunto caberia numa só frase: por mímesis, entenda-se um processo metamórfico que contraria os padrões da realidade”.

Em 2017, Aline Magalhães Pinto (UFMG), Ana Lúcia Oliveira (UERJ) e Dau Bastos (UFRJ) desenvolveram o projeto “Luiz Costa Lima: um teórico nos trópicos”, em cujo âmbito trinta pesquisadores, vinculados a dezesseis instituições do país e do exterior, passaram inteiramente em revista os escritos do crítico. O exame se deu durante sete entrevistas públicas realizadas na UFRJ, UERJ, UFFRJ, UFF, PUC-Rio, UNIRIO e Livraria Leonardo da Vinci.A conversa multifacetada e franca aqui reproduzida ocorreu na UERJ e se ateve a achados presentes na tetralogia da mímesis: Mímesis e modernidade (1980), Vida e mímesis (1995), Mímesis: desafio ao pensamento (2000) e Mímesis e arredores (2017). Em um auditório lotado de pessoas atentas, Luiz teve como interlocutores os docentes Ana Lúcia Oliveira (UERJ), Italo Moriconi (UERJ), Fábio Lopes da Silva (UFSC) e Georg Otte (UFMG), além de pesquisadores de outras instituições

Bacterial endotoxin adhesion to different types of orthodontic adhesives

Bacterial endotoxin (LPS) adhesion to orthodontic brackets is a known contributing factor to inflammation of the adjacent gingival tissues. Objective The aim of this study was to assess whether LPS adheres to orthodontic adhesive systems, comparing two commercial brands. Material and Methods Forty specimens were fabricated from Transbond XT and Light Bond composite and bonding agent components (n=10/component), then contaminated by immersion in a bacterial endotoxin solution. Contaminated and non-contaminated acrylic resin samples were used as positive and negative control groups, respectively. LPS quantification was performed by the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate QCL-1000™ test. Data obtained were scored and subjected to the Chi-square test using a significance level of 5%. Results There was endotoxin adhesion to all materials (p;0.05). There was no significant difference (p>;0.05) among commercial brands. Affinity of endotoxin was significantly greater for the bonding agents (p=0.0025). Conclusions LPS adhered to both orthodontic adhesive systems. Regardless of the brand, the endotoxin had higher affinity for the bonding agents than for the composites. There is no previous study assessing the affinity of LPS for orthodontic adhesive systems. This study revealed that LPS adheres to orthodontic adhesive systems. Therefore, additional care is recommended to orthodontic applications of these materials