Analyse de la dynamique temporelle d’un set en badminton en fonction de niveaux de pratique : réflexions sur les stratégies couramment proposées en EPS

Dans la littérature en badminton, l’aspect spatial prime sur l’aspect temporel. Les études sur la structure temporelle sont exclusivement descriptives, relatives au haut niveau, et produisent des données génériques et adynamiques, comme si le rapport au temps était le même pour l’ensemble des joueurs et sur l’ensemble du match. Notre étude vise à montrer que le rythme du set se réorganise avec les mobiles du badiste. 50 sujets, classés dans les cinq étapes du curriculum conatif du joueur de badminton ont porté un accéléromètre lors d’un set filmé. Nos résultats, portant sur l’analyse des 1806 points joués, montrent que le rapport temps d’échange / temps de non-jeu n’augmente pas de manière linéaire avec l’expertise et que le différentiel entre la quantité de mouvement en jeu et pendant les phases de repos se réorganise d’étape en étape. Il y a donc des rythmes ou temporalités spécifiques en fonction des mobiles. Par ailleurs, au sein même de certaines étapes, on observe une variation de ces facteurs en fonction de l’évolution du rapport de force et / ou du moment du match pour les experts et les grands débutants. En pédagogie, c’est donc la spécificité du jeu qui devrait orienter le choix didactique entre jeu au temps / jeu au point afin d’envisager la temporalité de manière plus responsable.In the badminton literature, the spatial aspect takes precedence over the temporal aspect. Studies on the temporal structure are exclusively descriptive, relating to the high level, and produce generic and adynamic data as if the relationship to time was the same for all players and for the whole game. Our study aims to show that the rhythm of the set is reorganized with the intentions of the badist. 50 subjects, classified in the five steps of the badminton conative classification, wore an accelerometer during a filmed set. Our results, on the analysis of the 1806 points played show that the ratio of time during the game / non-game does not increase linearly with expertise and that the differential between the amount of movement in play and during rest time is reorganized step by step. There are therefore specific rhythms or temporalities depending on the registers of intention. Moreover, within certain stages, a variation of these factors can be observed depending on the evolution of the balance of power and / or the moment of the match for the experts and the beginners. In pedagogy, it is therefore the specificity of the game that should guide the didactic choice between score-based forms and time-based forms of class competition in order to consider temporality in a more “responsible” way

Changes in physical activity patterns from adolescence to young adulthood: the BELINDA study

Physical activity (PA) is recognized as a marker of health. The aim was to investigate PA differences from adolescence to young adulthood. European adolescents included in the HELENA study were invited to participate in a follow-up study, 10 years later. The present study included 141 adults (25.0 ± 1.4 years) for whom valid accelerometer data were available in adolescence and adulthood. Changes in PA by sex, weight and maternal education level were explored with interactions. Time spent in sedentary activity, light PA (LPA) and moderate PA (MPA) increased by 39.1, 59.6 and 6.6 min/day, respectively, whereas the time spent in vigorous PA (VPA) decreased by 11.3 min/day compared with adolescent VPA (p < 0.05). Increases in MPA were greater on weekends compared with weekdays, but we found a greater decrease in VPA on weekdays compared with weekends. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) decreased significantly on weekdays (–9.6 min/day; 95%CI, –15.9 to –3.4), while it increased on weekends (8.4 min/day; 95%CI, 1.9 to 14.8). Significant heterogeneity was found across sexes for VPA and MVPA, with a stronger decrease in VPA in males compared with females and a significant decrease in MVPA (–12.5 min/day; 95%CI, –20.4 to –4.5) in males but not in females (1.9 min/day; 95%CI, –5.5 to 9.2). No significant heterogeneity was found to be linked to maternal education level or weight, irrespective of PA level. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the transition from adolescence to young adulthood is a critical period for lifestyle PA habits. A decline in VPA and an increasingly sedentary time were observed. The observed changes are worrying and may increase the risk of developing adverse health consequences later in life

Systemic Steroids in Preventing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD): Neurodevelopmental Outcome According to the Risk of BPD in the EPICE Cohort

Background: Postnatal steroids (PNS) have been used to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants but have potential adverse effects on neurodevelopment. These effects might be modulated by their risk of BPD. We aimed to compare patients’ neurodevelopment with PNS treatment according to their risk of BPD in a European cohort. Methods: We developed a prediction model for BPD to classify infants born between 24 + 0 and 29 + 6 weeks of gestation in three groups and compared patients’ neurological outcome at two years of corrected age using the propensity score (PS) method. Results: Of 3662 neonates included in the analysis, 901 (24.6%) were diagnosed with BPD. Our prediction model for BPD had an area under the ROC curve of 0.82. In the group with the highest risk of developing BPD, PNS were associated with an increased risk of gross motor impairment: OR of 1.95 after IPTW adjustment (95% CI 1.18 to 3.24, p = 0.010). This difference existed regardless of the type of steroid used. However, there was an increased risk of cognitive anomalies for patients treated with dexa/betamethasone that was no longer observed with hydrocortisone. Conclusions: This study suggests that PNS might be associated with an increased risk of gross motor impairment regardless of the group risk for BPD. Further randomised controlled trials exploring the use of PNS to prevent BPD should include a risk-based evaluation of neurodevelopmental outcomes. This observation still needs to be confirmed in a randomised controlled trial

Teaching Practices and Symbolic Violence: The Case of Racket Sports at School

International audienceStarting from the hypothesis that standard forms of intervention by racket sports teachers involve a degree of symbolic violence insofar as they do not take the in situ mobilization of students into account, two studies were performed: 1) 394 students were asked about what they hoped to experience and what actually occurred in the table tennis classes they had taken, along with their perceived pleasure in this activity; 2) the temporal structure of 1,844 points scored by 40 students, who had been ranked vis-à-vis five levels of intention in badminton were compared. Our results demonstrate that there is a mismatch between teaching practices and activities that provide pleasure to students, with a mean perceived pleasure score for table tennis (3.7) that is significantly lower than that for physical education activities in general (5.3). We also found that, in badminton, the rhythm of play varies significantly among the five registers of intention (p < 0.0001), while standard teaching practices tend to use only one playing time in this sport. In the discussion, teachers are invited to develop new didactic strategies that are more "responsible" than traditional time-based forms of class competition

Expériences proposées en badminton : influence sur la mobilisation des élèves

International audienc

Awareness of wearing an accelerometer does not affect physical activity in youth

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate whether awareness of being monitored by an accelerometer has an effect on physical activity in young people. Methods Eighty healthy participants aged 10–18 years were randomized between blinded and nonblinded groups. The blinded participants were informed that we were testing the reliability of a new device for body posture assessment and these participants did not receive any information about physical activity. In contrast, the nonblinded participants were informed that the device was an accelerometer that assessed physical activity levels and patterns. The participants were instructed to wear the accelerometer for 4 consecutive days (2 school days and 2 school-free days). Results Missing data led to the exclusion of 2 participants assigned to the blinded group. When data from the blinded group were compared with these from the nonblinded group, no differences were found in the duration of any of the following items: (i) wearing the accelerometer, (ii) total physical activity, (iii) sedentary activity, and (iv) moderate-to-vigorous activity. Conclusions Our study shows that the awareness of wearing an accelerometer has no influence on physical activity patterns in young people. This study improves the understanding of physical activity assessment and underlines the objectivity of this method. Trial registration NCT02844101 (retrospectively registered at July 13th 2016)

Dynamic Aspect of Temporal Structure according to Level of Expertise in Badminton: Analysis and Reflection on Teaching Practise in Physical Education

In the badminton literature, the spatial aspect takes precedence over the temporal aspect. Studies on the temporal structure are exclusively descriptive, relating to the high level, and produce generic and adynamic data as if the relationship to time was the same for all players and for the whole game. Our study aims to show that the rhythm of the set is reorganized with the intentions of the badist. 50 subjects, classified in the five steps of the badminton conative classification, wore an accelerometer during a filmed set. Our results, on the analysis of the 1806 points played show that the ratio of time during the game / non-game does not increase linearly with expertise and that the differential between the amount of movement in play and during rest time is reorganized step by step. There are therefore specific rhythms or temporalities depending on the registers of intention. Moreover, within certain stages, a variation of these factors can be observed depending on the evolution of the balance of power and / or the moment of the match for the experts and the beginners. In pedagogy, it is therefore the specificity of the game that should guide the didactic choice between score-based forms and time-based forms of class competition in order to consider temporality in a more “responsible” way.Dans la littérature en badminton, l’aspect spatial prime sur l’aspect temporel. Les études sur la structure temporelle sont exclusivement descriptives, relatives au haut niveau, et produisent des données génériques et adynamiques, comme si le rapport au temps était le même pour l’ensemble des joueurs et sur l’ensemble du match. Notre étude vise à montrer que le rythme du set se réorganise avec les mobiles du badiste. 50 sujets, classés dans les cinq étapes du curriculum conatif du joueur de badminton ont porté un accéléromètre lors d’un set filmé. Nos résultats, portant sur l’analyse des 1806 points joués, montrent que le rapport temps d’échange / temps de non-jeu n’augmente pas de manière linéaire avec l’expertise et que le différentiel entre la quantité de mouvement en jeu et pendant les phases de repos se réorganise d’étape en étape. Il y a donc des rythmes ou temporalités spécifiques en fonction des mobiles. Par ailleurs, au sein même de certaines étapes, on observe une variation de ces facteurs en fonction de l’évolution du rapport de force et / ou du moment du match pour les experts et les grands débutants. En pédagogie, c’est donc la spécificité du jeu qui devrait orienter le choix didactique entre jeu au temps / jeu au point afin d’envisager la temporalité de manière plus responsable

Dentoskeletal sequellae after wearing of a mandibular advancement device in an OSAHS setting.

Mandibular advancement devices (MAD) are recommended in certain cases for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). The aim of this study was to make a retrospective investigation into the dental and skeletal effects in patients suffering from OSAHS after wearing an MAD, and according to the type of device, rigid or semi-rigid. Cephalometric criteria on lateral cephalograms before and after at least 6 months of treatment were analyzed. Twenty-two patients were included. We observed average labial tipping of the lower incisors (+4.1 ± 5.6 [P = 0.0023]) and reduced overbite (−1.6 ± 2.0 mm [P = 0.0026]) and overjet (−1.4 ± 2.3 mm [P = 0.0114]). Labial tipping of the mandibular incisors was more pronounced with semi-rigid MAD. Similarly, the decrease in overbite and overjet was more marked with the semi-rigid MAD. Medium-term wearing of MAD gives rise to dentally related occlusal changes, which can only be corrected by orthodontic treatment

How do French Obstetrician-Gynaecologists perceive their quality of life? A national survey.

International audienceObjectiveObstetrics is a constraining specialty due to heavy workloads and repeated stressful situations. French maternity wards are facing many difficulties to recruit, as a consequence of the conversion of a significant number of Obstetrician-Gynecologists (OB-GYNs) to exclusive daily private practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of OB-GYNs in order to identify burnout risk factors, develop prevention strategies and therefore ensure patient safety.Study DesignA Google forms questionnaire assessing QOL and life/work balance was distributed by e-mail to 1 397 members of the National College of French OB-GYNs (CNGOF). This was a declarative multicenter cross-sectional survey.ResultsFour hundred sixty-one responses were collected (response rate 30%). A burnout episode was reported by 31.3% of respondents. Main burnout risk factors were limited staff on the on-call schedule (p = 0.008) and low salary (p < 0.001). On-call work was considered to have a negative personal life impact by 57.8% of the sample; 34.1% wanted to stop this practice and 81.3% believed that financial compensation would help reinforce its attractiveness. Medico-legal risks influenced the daily practices of 70% of respondents and 86.8% had been personally affected by media coverage of obstetrical violence.ConclusionsThis report confirms a high burnout rate within a stressful profession, with major impacts from on-call activity, insufficient salary relative to the arduousness of this practice, high exposure to medico-legal actions and media attention. Revising shift duration to a maximum 12 h, better control over global workload, higher salary and renewed social recognition are urgent priorities