33 research outputs found
Programa de intervención en representaciones de creatividad y motivación académica de adolescentes
Creativity and its promotion are widespread concerns in education. However, few efforts have been made to implement
intervention programs designed to promote creativity and other related aspects (e.g., academic motivation). The Future Problem Solving
Program International (FPSPI), aimed for training creativity representations and creative problem solving skills in young people, has
been one of the most implemented programs. This intervention’s materials and activities were adapted for Portuguese students, and
a longitudinal study was conducted. The program was implemented during four months, in weekly sessions, by thirteen teachers.
Teachers received previous training for the program and during the program’s implementation. Intervention participants included
77 Basic and Secondary Education students, and control participants included 78 equivalent students. Pretest-posttest measures of
academic motivation and creativity representations were collected. Results suggest a significant increase, in the intervention group,
in motivation and the appropriate representations of creativity. Practical implications and future research perspectives are presented.A criatividade e sua promoção geram grande preocupação em educação. Contudo, poucos esforços têm existido para
implementar programas destinados a sua promoção e de outros aspetos relacionados (e.g., motivação acadêmica). O Future Problem
Solving Program International (FPSPI), criado para melhorar as representações de criatividade e a resolução criativa de problemas
em jovens, tem sido um dos mais implementados. Os seus materiais e atividades foram adaptados para estudantes portugueses,
efetuando-se um estudo longitudinal. O programa foi implementado durante quatro meses, semanalmente, por treze professores, que
receberam formação antes e durante a implementação. O grupo experimental incluiu 77 estudantes do Ensino Básico e Secundário,
apresentando o grupo de controlo 78 estudantes com características equivalentes. Os dados sobre a motivação e criatividade foram
recolhidos num pré e pós-teste. Os resultados sugerem um aumento significativo na motivação e crenças apropriadas de criatividade
no grupo experimental. Implicações práticas e perspectivas para investigações futuras são apresentadas.La creatividad y su promoción generan gran preocupación en educación. Sin embargo, han sido llevados a cabo pocos
esfuerzos para implementar programas de promoción de la creatividad y otros aspectos (e.g., motivación académica). El Future
Problem Solving Program International (FPSPI), creado para mejorar las representaciones de creatividad y la solución creativa de
problemas en jóvenes, ha sido bastante implementado. Se adaptaron sus materiales y actividades para estudiantes portugueses, y
se desarrolló un estudio longitudinal. El programa se implementó semanalmente durante cuatro meses por trece profesores, que
recibieron formación antes y durante la implementación. El grupo experimental incluyó 77 estudiantes de Educación Primaria y
Secundaria y el grupo de control incluyó 78 estudiantes con características semejantes. Los datos de motivación y creatividad fueron
recogidos en un pre y post-test, sugiriendo un aumento significativo de motivación y creencias apropiadas sobre la creatividad en el
grupo experimental. Se presentan implicaciones prácticas y perspectivas para futuras investigaciones.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - SFRH/BPD/80825/201
Cerebral Blood Flow during Rest Associates with General Intelligence and Creativity
Recently, much scientific attention has been focused on resting brain activity and its investigation through such methods as the analysis of functional connectivity during rest (the temporal correlation of brain activities in different regions). However, investigation of the magnitude of brain activity during rest has focused on the relative decrease of brain activity during a task, rather than on the absolute resting brain activity. It is thus necessary to investigate the association between cognitive factors and measures of absolute resting brain activity, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF), during rest (rest-CBF). In this study, we examined this association using multiple regression analyses. Rest-CBF was the dependent variable and the independent variables included two essential components of cognitive functions, psychometric general intelligence and creativity. CBF was measured using arterial spin labeling and there were three analyses for rest-CBF; namely mean gray matter rest-CBF, mean white matter rest-CBF, and regional rest-CBF. The results showed that mean gray and white matter rest-CBF were significantly and positively correlated with individual psychometric intelligence. Furthermore, mean white matter rest-CBF was significantly and positively correlated with creativity. After correcting the effect of mean gray matter rest-CBF the significant and positive correlation between regional rest-CBF in the perisylvian anatomical cluster that includes the left superior temporal gyrus and insula and individual psychometric intelligence was found. Also, regional rest-CBF in the precuneus was significantly and negatively correlated with individual creativity. Significance of these results of regional rest-CBF did not change when the effect of regional gray matter density was corrected. The findings showed mean and regional rest-CBF in healthy young subjects to be correlated with cognitive functions. The findings also suggest that, even in young cognitively intact subjects, resting brain activity (possibly underlain by default cognitive activity or metabolic demand from developed brain structures) is associated with cognitive functions
Different Gain/Loss Sensitivity and Social Adaptation Ability in Gifted Adolescents during a Public Goods Game
Gifted adolescents are considered to have high IQs with advanced mathematical and logical performances, but are often thought to suffer from social isolation or emotional mal-adaptation to the social group. The underlying mechanisms that cause stereotypic portrayals of gifted adolescents are not well known. We aimed to investigate behavioral performance of gifted adolescents during social decision-making tasks to assess their affective and social/non-social cognitive abilities. We examined cooperation behaviors of 22 gifted and 26 average adolescents during an iterative binary public goods (PG) game, a multi-player social interaction game, and analyzed strategic decision processes that include cooperation and free-riding. We found that the gifted adolescents were more cooperative than average adolescents. Particularly, comparing the strategies for the PG game between the two groups, gifted adolescents were less sensitive to loss, yet were more sensitive to gain. Additionally, the behavioral characteristics of average adolescents, such as low trust of the group and herding behavior, were not found in gifted adolescents. These results imply that gifted adolescents have a high cognitive ability but a low ability to process affective information or to adapt in social groups compared with average adolescents. We conclude that gain/loss sensitivity and the ability to adapt in social groups develop to different degrees in average and gifted adolescents
Human factors and ergonomics design principles and guidelines : helping designers to be more creative
This is a pre-copyedited version of a contribution published in: Proceedings of the 20th
Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018). IEA 2018. Advances in
Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 824, edited by Bagnara S., Tartaglia R., Albolino S.,
Alexander T., Fujita Y., published by Springer, Cham. The definitive authenticated version is
available online via https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96071-5_17.The knowledge and application of Human Factors/Ergonomics (HFE) principles and guidelines can help
designers to develop better products and services. However, they may also include design constraints
that may affect designers’ creativity. Although both HFE principles and guidelines and creativity are
considered essential in the design of products and services, the link between them is little researched.
In this article a discussion is presented on the influence that HFE principles and guidelines can exert on
the creativity of designers. It also presents case studies of HFE principles and guidelines and discusses
how they can influence designers’ creativity. In addition, a set of recommendations is suggested to help
designers apply ergonomic design principles and guidelines to stimulate creativity. It is concluded that
HFE principles and guidelines can assist designers in creating safer and more efficient products and
services and can also broaden their creative process and therefore the originality and appropriateness
of products and services
Nexos recíprocos entre desarrollo humano y crecimiento económico
En este artículo se presenta un análisis descriptivo, explicativo y reflexivo de la relación recíproca entre desarrollo humano y crecimiento económico. Por un lado el crecimiento económico promueve el desarrollo humano a medida que la base de recursos se amplía, en tanto que un mayor desarrollo humano genera más crecimiento económico en la medida que una población más sana y educada contribuye a mejorar el desempeño económico. El propósito de este estudio consiste en fundamentar teóricamente la relación de cadenas existentes entre desarrollo humano y crecimiento económico. La investigación, es documental, se centra en la revisión bibliográfica, y análisis teórico y conceptual de diferentes bibliografías relacionados al tema. Entre los principales resultados de la investigación figuran: el desarrollo humano es el objetivo central de la
actividad humana y el crecimiento económico un medio que podría llegar a ser muy importante para promoverlo. La asignación de recursos al mejoramiento del desarrollo humano, es una función del gasto total del sector público; existen fuertes conexiones de dos vías entre el crecimiento económico (CE) y el desarrollo humano (DH) y finalmente los vínculos entre desarrollo humano y crecimiento económico pueden hacer que uno y otro se influencien recíprocamente