Implementation of Low-Cost and Open-Source Instrumentation in 2D Material Research

This dissertation examines the importance of open-sourced scientific instrumentation in two-dimensional (2D) material research. 2D materials are gaining attention due to their extraordinary electrical, mechanical, optical, and thermal properties and their potential to transform various fields. However, studying these materials often requires complex and expensive scientific instrumentation, which can limit the accessibility and progress of research. The study explores the potential of open-source software and hardware in scientific instrumentation, and its role in democratizing access, fostering collaboration, and accelerating innovation. The study presents two instruments implemented for 2D material research, using only open-source software and hardware, and demonstrates experiments conducted with these instruments. Additionally, the study explores broader implications of open-sourced scientific instrumentation by demonstrating a motorized variable filter stage and retractable leadless pacemaker. The dissertation concludes by emphasizing the critical role of open-source instruments in the advancement of material science and the broader scientific community and the need for ongoing support and engagement to fully realize their potential

Jn wittenes of quyche thynge to þis present lettreȝ We haue sett oure Seals vppon trewth: A Study of Thirteen Late Middle English Attestations

This thesis presents an edition and study of a group of thirteen English attestations from the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. The texts are dated to the period 1427-1525, and will also form part of the Corpus of Middle English Local Documents (MELD) at the University of Stavanger. Each text is studied individually, and both a full diplomatic edition and a translation of the texts are provided. The study highlights the importance of Late Middle English attestations as an early English administrative text type, written in English at a time when most administrative documents were still written in Latin or French. Furthermore, the sociolinguistic background of the texts is studied via the dates and the names of people and places they provide. The study also approaches Middle English attestations as a text type, focusing on their structure, their use of formulaic parts and their personal narratives. The texts are examined in terms of their similarities and differences, and related to the history of Late Middle English administrative documents. The core of this study is a thorough analysis of each individual text. Starting with a physical description of the document, the analysis moves to the greeting clause and the opening formula respectively. Both the set phrases and unique components are studied. Next, the narrative part is examined, using Swales’ (2006) model of moves and steps. The relationships between the moves and steps are analysed via linking words with the help of Fludernik’s (2008) model of discourse markers. Finally, the closing formulae and dating clauses are examined and the variation found is related to the sociohistorical context of the texts. The study argues that attestations are not made up of only formulaic parts; their language and textual structure, as well as their contents, are highly variable. In particular, the narrative parts may contain colloquial language representing the voices of the attestators. Additionally, even the formulaic parts vary greatly, illustrating the great amount of variation in the Middle English period

Bacterial and Fungal Species Isolated From Dogs With Otitis Externa

This study was conducted to detect the distribution of bacterial and mycotic agents and the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from dogs with infective otitis externa for an 11-year period. Samples, collected from the external ear canal of 475 dogs, were analysed by conventional bacteriological and mycological methods between the years of 2005 and 2016. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Bacterial growth was observed in 328 of 475 swab samples collected from the dogs. Of 434 isolated bacteria, 281 isolates (64.7%) were Gram-positive cocci, 151 isolates (34.8%) were Gram-negative rods and 2 isolates (0.5%) were Gram-positive rods. The most frequently isolated microorganisms was Staphylococcus intermedius (18.7 %), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.9%), Escherichia coli (7.1%) Proteus mirabilis (6.7 %) Micrococcus spp (4.1%) and Streptococcus canis (2.5 %). Mycological growth was also observed from 213 of 475 matching swabs. The results showed that the need for bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests for appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Mycological culture should also be performed in infectious otitis externa cases of dogs.Bu çalışma, 11 yıllık bir süre boyunca infektif otit eksternaları olan köpeklerden bakteriyel ve mikotik ajanların dağılımını ve bakteriyel izolatların antimikrobiyal duyarlılıklarını saptamak amacıyla yapıldı. 2005-2016 yılları arasında, 475 köpeğin dış kulak kanalından toplanan numuneler, geleneksel bakteriyolojik ve mikolojik yöntemlerle incelendi. İzolatların antimikrobiyal duyarlılıkları Kirby-Bauer disk difüzyon yöntemi ile belirlendi. Köpeklerden toplanan 475 sürüntü örneğinin 328'inde bakteriyolojik üreme gözlendi. İzole edilen 434 bakteriden 281’i (% 64.7) Gram pozitif kok, 151’i (% 34.8) Gram negatif çomak ve 2 izolat (%0.5) Gram pozitif basil olarak belirlendi. En sık izole edilen mikroorganizma Staphylococcus intermedius’tu (% 18.7), bunu Pseudomonas aeruginosa (% 12.9), Escherichia coli (% 7.1), Proteus mirabilis (% 6.7), Micrococcus spp (% 4.1) ve Streptococcus canis (% 2.5) izledi. Aynı zamanda, 475 swabın 213'ünde mikolojik üreme de görüldü. Sonuçlar, uygun antimikrobiyal tedavi için bakteri kültürü ve antimikrobiyal duyarlılık testlerine ihtiyaç duyulduğunu göstermektedir. Bunun yanısıra, köpeklerin enfeksiyöz otitis eksterna olgularında mikolojik kültür de yapılmalıdır

The metabolomic profile of gamma-irradiated human hepatoma and muscle cells reveals metabolic changes consistent with the Warburg effect

The two human cell lines HepG2 from hepatoma and HMCL-7304 from striated muscle were γ-irradiated with doses between 0 and 4 Gy. Abundant γH2AX foci were observed at 4 Gy after 4 h of culture post-irradiation. Sham-irradiated cells showed no γH2AX foci and therefore no signs of radiation-induced double-strand DNA breaks. Flow cytometry indicated that 41.5% of HepG2 cells were in G2/M and this rose statistically significantly with increasing radiation dose reaching a plateau at ∼47%. Cell lysates from both cell lines were subjected to metabolomic analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). A total of 46 metabolites could be identified by GCMS in HepG2 cell lysates and 29 in HMCL-7304 lysates, most of which occurred in HepG2 cells. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) showed a clear separation of sham, 1, 2 and 4 Gy doses. Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed elevations in intracellular lactate, alanine, glucose, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose and 5-oxoproline, which were found by univariate statistics to be highly statistically significantly elevated at both 2 and 4 Gy compared with sham irradiated cells. These findings suggested upregulation of cytosolic aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect), with potential shunting of glucose through aldose reductase in the polyol pathway, and consumption of reduced Glutathione (GSH) due to γ-irradiation. In HMCL-7304 myotubes, a putative Warburg effect was also observed only at 2 Gy, albeit a lesser magnitude than in HepG2 cells. It is anticipated that these novel metabolic perturbations following γ-irradiation of cultured cells will lead to a fuller understanding of the mechanisms of tissue damage following ionizing radiation exposure

Les hommes en TÉE, pour une pluralité de pratiques rapport de recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation du Loisir et du sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage PAREA /

"Rapport de recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage (PAREA)"Également disponible en version papier.Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 30 sept. 2010)Bibliogr.: p. 9-12

Les hommes en TÉE, pour une pluralité de pratiques rapport de recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation du Loisir et du sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage PAREA /

"Rapport de recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage (PAREA)"Également disponible en version papier.Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 30 sept. 2010)Bibliogr.: p. 9-12

The role of culture and society in the development of plot in tanushree podders escape from harem and gita mehtas a river sutra: a feminist reading

Culture and Society are often the main gist of most novels. These two factors often influence and control the characters, thus helping in the development of the plot. A plot, as defined by Egan (1978), is used to indicate an outline of events and serves as a skeleton in a literary piece. In other words, it is a tool in making sure the main incidents or scenarios are presented in a particular order to establish a clear understanding of what is being written. Culture and society plays the essence in a novel as it constructs these main ideas in engaging the interest of a reader and also extends the intended message of the particular writer. This paper looks into how culture and society helps in developing the plots of the selected novels using the feminist approach. Tanushree Podder’s, Escape from Harem (2013) and Gita Mehta’s A River Sutra (1993) amazingly are both set in India. Podder and Mehta have inserted the perception society had over women and how male supremacy was glorified in many aspects. The essence of feminist approach was very much present in these two novels. According to Tyson (2006), feminism concerns the ways in which literature undermines the economic, political, social and psychological oppression on women. Though the setting of both novels fall in different eras but the theme of female oppression remains the same. The patriarchal society uses culture and religion as a tool to control women and oppress them. Both authors have shown how the women in the 17th century and in the 20th century face the same kind of judgment from the society and men in general

Les hommes en TÉE, pour une pluralité de pratiques rapport de recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation du Loisir et du sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage PAREA /

"Rapport de recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage (PAREA)"Également disponible en version papier.Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 30 sept. 2010)Bibliogr.: p. 9-12

Les hommes en TÉE, pour une pluralité de pratiques rapport de recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation du Loisir et du sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage PAREA /

"Rapport de recherche subventionnée par le ministère de l'Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport dans le cadre du Programme d'aide à la recherche sur l'enseignement et l'apprentissage (PAREA)"Également disponible en version papier.Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 30 sept. 2010)Bibliogr.: p. 9-12

Küreselleşme sürecinde değişen değerler açısından CHP’ nin analizi

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır