An In-Group Advantage in Detecting Intergroup Anxiety

We examined the possibility of an in-group advantage in detecting intergroup anxiety. Specifically, we videotaped White and Black participants while they engaged in same-race or interrace interactions. Then we asked White and Black observers to view these videotapes (unaware of the racial context) and provide their impressions of participants' anxiety. Two results pointed to an in-group advantage in detecting intergroup anxiety. First, only same-race observers perceived a modulation of participants' anxious behavior as a function of racial context. This held true not only for relatively subjective perceptions of global anxiety, but also for perceptions of single, discrete behaviors tied to anxiety. Second, we found that only same-race observers provided descriptions of anxiety that tracked reliably with participants' cortisol changes during the task. These results suggest that White and Black Americans may have difficulty developing a sense of shared emotional experience.Psycholog

‘ An investigation of the nervous control of defecation ’ by Denny-Brown and Robertson: a classic paper revisited

In 1935 two young neurologists, Derek Denny-Brown and E. Graeme Robertson, published an article explaining the mechanisms underlying human defaecation based on a manometric study in patients with sacral root and spinal cord lesions, and normal subjects. This article is still routinely cited in studies of rectal and sphincter ani function. Unfortunately, however, the article itself is not written well, being composed of long convoluted sentences and containing 79 often indecipherable figures. Difficult-to-understand articles were common to the publications of Denny-Brown, who became one of the most prominent neurologists of the twentieth century. In accord with our prior work explaining Denny-Brown and Robertson's earlier paper on micturition, we provide here what we hope is a clear explanation of the methods and results in their study on defaecation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73905/1/j.1463-1318.2004.00636.x.pd

Structure and Mobility of Lactose in Lactose/Sodium Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

This study aims at investigating the molecular level organization and molecular mobility in montmorillonite nanocomposites with the uncharged organic low-molecular-weight compound lactose commonly used in pharmaceutical drug delivery, food technology, and flavoring. Nanocomposites were prepared under slow and fast drying conditions, attained by drying at ambient conditions and by spray-drying, respectively. A detailed structural investigation was performed with modulated differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, microcalorimetry, and molecular dynamic simulations. The lactose was intercalated in the sodium montmorillonite interlayer space regardless of the clay content, drying rate, or humidity exposure. Although, the spray-drying resulted in higher proportion of intercalated lactose compared with the drying under ambient conditions, non-intercalated lactose was present at 20 wt% lactose content. This indicates limitations in maximum load capacity of nonionic organic substances into the montmorillonite interlayer space. Furthermore, a fraction of the intercalated lactose in the co-spray-dried nanocomposites diffused out from the clay interlayer space upon humidity exposure. Also, the lactose in the nanocomposites demonstrated higher molecular mobility than that of neat amorphous lactose. This study provides a foundation for understanding functional properties of nanocomposites, such as loading capacity and physical stability

The impact of diabetes on employment in Mexico

This study explores the impact of diabetes on employment in Mexico using data from the Mexican Family Life Survey (MxFLS) (2005), taking into account the possible endogeneity of diabetes via an instrumental variable estimation strategy. We find that diabetes significantly decreases employment probabilities for men by about 10 percentage points (

Salmonellosis Outbreak Traced to Playground Sand, Australia, 2007–2009

A community outbreak of gastroenteritis in Australia during 2007–2009 was caused by ingestion of playground sand contaminated with Salmonella enterica Paratyphi B, variant Java. The bacterium was also isolated from local wildlife. Findings support consideration of nonfood sources during salmonellosis outbreak investigations and indicate transmission through the animal–human interface

Prospectus, November 23, 1976

TRUSTEES MEET: 25% TUITION INCREASE VOTED BY BOARD, NEW HOUR TOTAL $17; PC news in brief: Redford stars in \u27Jeremiah Johnson\u27, Spring Schedule changed, Sociological film today, See Chicago Bulls Nov. 30; Till Nov. 30th: Preregister now; \u27Disaster bus\u27 being fixed, should be ready by Jan.; Persecutor\u27s life changed; Illinois low in educ. support; Onarga application approved; 28% late on stud. loans; Before finals: Withdraw by December 15th; GI Bill: New vet allowances announced; Sign up now to save courses for later; Campus competition: Gunki heads stud. recognition; Library stairs sculpture just hanging around for 2 years; Theta Epsilon meets Dec. 1; Senior university: Sangamon State rep visits today; Care and cooking: There\u27s more to wild game than just hunting it; Flipping the bird...a collection of turkey recipes: First, the real one; Then, some recipes by for turkeys...: ...figure five pounds per person, ...I forgot to say to take the turkey out of the bag, ...watch the expressions of delight as they eat it; Timeless marital problems looked at in Coward play; Artist-in-residence: Wayne Forbes: showing need for people to care; Santa Claus arrives Friday; Theta Epsilon Frat. officers announced; Community Cultural Series: Twain Amer. Humor superb; Fifth Column: False Promises of entertainment; Classifieds; Cobra\u27s Corner: 3 candidates for center: Betka is \u27all-business\u27 vying for starting position; Bears still 1st, \u27Excess\u27 within 3 points; Schedule changed: Cagers open tonite at DuPage; Parkland Basketball Roster; Cobra captains ready; Decker wins final Freddy; Lockers must be renewed; Parkland College 1976-1977 Basketball Schedule; Women\u27s Basketball Schedulehttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1976/1002/thumbnail.jp

Tamoxifen inhibits the biosynthesis of inositolphosphorylceramide in Leishmania

Previous work from our group showed that tamoxifen, an oral drug that has been in use for the treatment of breast cancer for over 40 years, is active both in vitro and in vivo against several species of Leishmania, the etiological agent of leishmaniasis. Using a combination of metabolic labeling with [3H]-sphingosine and myo-[3H]-inositol, alkaline hydrolysis, HPTLC fractionations and mass spectrometry analyses, we observed a perturbation in the metabolism of inositolphosphorylceramides (IPCs) and phosphatidylinositols (PIs) after treatment of L. amazonensis promastigotes with tamoxifen, with a significant reduction in the biosynthesis of the major IPCs (composed of d16:1/18:0-IPC, t16:0/C18:0-IPC, d18:1/18:0-IPC and t16:0/20:0-IPC) and PIs (sn-1-O-(C18:0)alkyl -2-O-(C18:1)acylglycerol-3-HPO4-inositol and sn-1-O-(C18:0)acyl-2-O-(C18:1)acylglycerol-3-HPO4-inositol) species. Substrate saturation kinetics of myo-inositol uptake analyses indicated that inhibition of inositol transport or availability were not the main reasons for the reduced biosynthesis of IPC and PI observed in tamoxifen treated parasites. An in vitro enzymatic assay was used to show that tamoxifen was able to inhibit the Leishmania IPC synthase with an IC50 value of 8.48 μM (95% CI 7.68–9.37), suggesting that this enzyme is most likely one of the targets for this compound in the parasites