Xarxes socials per impulsar la recollida selectiva de residus

El present informe exposa els diferents tipus de recollida selectiva, i contextualitza la situació a Europa, Espanya i Catalunya, aportant xifres i mostrant aquelles ciutats o comarques on aquestes són més positives. A més, s'explica si existeix alguna relació entre l'edat i el comportament davant la recollida selectiva de residus, per saber en quins grups d'edat s'ha de tenir més incidència. Seguidament, es fa un estudi sobre les xarxes socials, i s'analitzen les de l'Agència de Residus de Catalunya. A través d'una enquesta de creació pròpia i difosa a persones del meu entorn, s'obtenen dades d'edat, gènere, nivell d'estudis, renda, relació amb les xarxes socials, i coneixements i actitud davant els residus. Un cop analitzats els resultats de l'enquesta i tenint en compte l'estudi previ, s'exposa la proposta de millora a través de les xarxes socials per impulsar la recollida selectiva de residus, havent mostrat també propostes ja existents. La proposta es basa en enfocar part del contingut de les xarxes socials de l'Agència de Residus de Catalunya als joves, a través de recursos actuals i moderns. A més, es presenten el valor diferencial i les línies de futur de la proposta. L'informe finalitza amb les conclusions, referències i annexosThis report sets out the different types of selective collection, and contextualises the situation in Europe, Spain and Catalonia, providing figures and showing those cities or counties where these are most positive. It also explains whether there is any relationship between age and separate waste collection behaviour, in order to find out in which age groups it is necessary to have a greater impact. Next, a study is made of social networks, and those of the Agencia de Residus de Catalunya are analysed. Through a survey of my own creation and disseminated to people around me, we obtained data on age, gender, level of education, income, relationship with social networks, and knowledge and attitude towards waste. Once the results of the survey have been analysed and taking into account the previous study, the proposal for improvement through social networks to promote selective waste collection is presented, having also shown existing proposals. The proposal is based on focusing part of the content of the Agència de Residus de Catalunya's social networks on young people, through current and modern resources. In addition, the differential value and future lines of the proposal are presented. The report ends with conclusions, references and annexe

PREVALÊNCIA DE ORTOREXIA E VIGOREXIA EM ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA

This research aims to find out the prevalence of orthorexia and vigorexia in medical students, from the first to the twelfth semester of the University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina. Based on the research questionnaire, the ortho-15 questionnaire and the Adonis questionnaire, both already used in the diagnosis of disorders. Results: Of the 265 students questioned, 232 had orthorexia and 255 had mild to moderate symptoms of vigorexia. The present study showed a high prevalence of orthorexia and vigorexia in the medical students interviewed. In relation to orthorexia, there was a higher prevalence in women, people under the age of 20 years and in more advanced stages on the course. Related to vigorexia, most students questioned had mild to moderate symptoms, 3,4% had serious problems and 0,4% had problems. The prevalence was higher in cis women, people with an average age of 21 years and the most worrying case is present at the boarding school. It is concluded that there is a considerable number of interviewees with orthorexia and vigorexia. It is necessary to carry out studies at the national level to learn about, outline an epidemiological profile and inform health professionals about these little-known conditions.Conhecer a prevalência de ortorexia e vigorexia em estudantes de Medicina. Foram aplicados os questionários Ortho-15 e de Adônis para os estudantes de Medicina, do 1º ao 12º semestre da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense. Dos 265 estudantes questionados, 232 apresentaram ortorexia e 255 apresentaram sintomas leves a moderados de vigorexia. Há uma alta prevalência de ortorexia e vigorexia nos estudantes entrevistados. Em relação à ortorexia, houve prevalência maior em mulheres, na faixa etária menor de 20 anos e em fases mais avançadas do curso. E na vigorexia, a maioria apresentara sintomas leves a moderados. A prevalência foi maior em mulheres cis, pessoas com idade média de 21 anos e o caso mais preocupante está presente no internato. Há um número considerável de estudantes com ortorexia e vigorexia. Torna-se necessária a realização de estudos em âmbito nacional para conhecer, traçar perfil e informar profissionais da saúde sobre essas afecções

Genetic architecture of voluntary exercise in an advanced intercross line of mice

Exercise is essential for health, yet the amount, duration, and intensity that individuals engage in is strikingly variable, even under prescription. Our focus was to identify the locations and effects of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling genetic predisposition for exercise-related traits utilizing a large advanced intercross line (AIL) of mice. This AIL (G4) population originated from a reciprocal cross between mice with genetic propensity for increased voluntary exercise (HR, selectively bred for increased wheel running) and the inbred strain C57BL/6J. After adjusting for family structure, we detected 32 significant and 13 suggestive QTL representing both daily running traits (distance, duration, average speed, and maximum speed) and the mean of these traits on days 5 and 6 (the selection criteria for HR) of a 6-day test conducted at 8 weeks of age, with many colocalizing to similar genomic regions. Additionally, 7 significant and 5 suggestive QTL were observed for the slope and intercept of a linear regression across all 6 days of running, some representing a combination of the daily traits. We also observed 2 significant and 2 suggestive QTL for body mass prior to exercise. These results, using a well-defined animal model, reinforce a genetic basis for the predisposition to engage in voluntary exercise, dissect this predisposition into daily segments across a continuous time period, and present unique QTL that may provide insight into the initiation, continuation, and temporal pattern of voluntary activity in mammals

Delirium in older COVID-19 patients:Evaluating risk factors and outcomes

Objectives: A high incidence of delirium has been reported in older patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to identify determinants of delirium, including the Clinical Frailty Scale, in hospitalized older patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, we aimed to study the association of delirium independent of frailty with in-hospital outcomes in older COVID-19 patients. Methods: This study was performed within the framework of the multi-center COVID-OLD cohort study and included patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to the general ward because of COVID-19 in the Netherlands between February and May 2020. Data were collected on demographics, co-morbidity, disease severity, and geriatric parameters. Prevalence of delirium during hospital admission was recorded based on delirium screening using the Delirium Observation Screening Scale (DOSS) which was scored three times daily. A DOSS score ≥3 was followed by a delirium assessment by the ward physician In-hospital outcomes included length of stay, discharge destination, and mortality. Results: A total of 412 patients were included (median age 76, 58% male). Delirium was present in 82 patients. In multivariable analysis, previous episode of delirium (Odds ratio [OR] 8.9 [95% CI 2.3–33.6] p = 0.001), and pre-existent memory problems (OR 7.6 [95% CI 3.1–22.5] p < 0.001) were associated with increased delirium risk. Clinical Frailty Scale was associated with increased delirium risk (OR 1.63 [95%CI 1.40–1.90] p < 0.001) in univariable analysis, but not in multivariable analysis. Patients who developed delirium had a shorter symptom duration and lower levels of C-reactive protein upon presentation, whereas vital parameters did not differ. Patients who developed a delirium had a longer hospital stay and were more often discharged to a nursing home. Delirium was associated with mortality (OR 2.84 [95% CI1.71–4.72] p < 0.001), but not in multivariable analyses. Conclusions: A previous delirium and pre-existent memory problems were associated with delirium risk in COVID-19. Delirium was not an independent predictor of mortality after adjustment for frailty

Familial Longevity Is Marked by Lower Diurnal Salivary Cortisol Levels: The Leiden Longevity Study

BACKGROUND: Reported findings are inconsistent whether hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) signaling becomes hyperactive with increasing age, resulting in increasing levels of cortisol. Our previous research strongly suggests that offspring from long-lived families are biologically younger. In this study we assessed whether these offspring have a lower HPA axis activity, as measured by lower levels of cortisol and higher cortisol feedback sensitivity. METHODS: Salivary cortisol levels were measured at four time points within the first hour upon awakening and at two time points in the evening in a cohort comprising 149 offspring and 154 partners from the Leiden Longevity Study. A dexamethasone suppression test was performed as a measure of cortisol feedback sensitivity. Age, gender and body mass index, smoking and disease history (type 2 diabetes and hypertension) were considered as possible confounding factors. RESULTS: Salivary cortisol secretion was lower in offspring compared to partners in the morning (Area Under the Curve = 15.6 versus 17.1 nmol/L, respectively; p = 0.048) and in the evening (Area Under the Curve = 3.32 versus 3.82 nmol/L, respectively; p = 0.024). Salivary cortisol levels were not different after dexamethasone (0.5 mg) suppression between offspring and partners (4.82 versus 5.26 nmol/L, respectively; p = 0.28). CONCLUSION: Offspring of nonagenarian siblings are marked by a lower HPA axis activity (reflected by lower diurnal salivary cortisol levels), but not by a difference in cortisol feedback sensitivity. Further in-depth studies aimed at characterizing the HPA axis in offspring and partners are needed

Frailty is associated with in-hospital mortality in older hospitalised COVID-19 patients in the Netherlands:the COVID-OLD study

BACKGROUND: During the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, older patients had an increased risk of hospitalisation and death. Reports on the association of frailty with poor outcome have been conflicting. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the independent association between frailty and in-hospital mortality in older hospitalised COVID-19 patients in the Netherlands. METHODS: This was a multicentre retrospective cohort study in 15 hospitals in the Netherlands, including all patients aged ≥70 years, who were hospitalised with clinically confirmed COVID-19 between February and May 2020. Data were collected on demographics, co-morbidity, disease severity and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: A total of 1,376 patients were included (median age 78 years (interquartile range 74-84), 60% male). In total, 499 (38%) patients died during hospital admission. Parameters indicating presence of frailty (CFS 6-9) were associated with more co-morbidities, shorter symptom duration upon presentation (median 4 versus 7 days), lower oxygen demand and lower levels of C-reactive protein. In multivariable analyses, the CFS was independently associated with in-hospital mortality: compared with patients with CFS 1-3, patients with CFS 4-5 had a two times higher risk (odds ratio (OR) 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-3.0)) and patients with CFS 6-9 had a three times higher risk of in-hospital mortality (OR 2.8 (95% CI 1.8-4.3)). CONCLUSIONS: The in-hospital mortality of older hospitalised COVID-19 patients in the Netherlands was 38%. Frailty was independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality, even though COVID-19 patients with frailty presented earlier to the hospital with less severe symptoms

Characteristics and outcomes of older patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in the first and second wave of the pandemic in The Netherlands:the COVID-OLD study

BACKGROUND: as the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic progressed diagnostics and treatment changed. OBJECTIVE: to investigate differences in characteristics, disease presentation and outcomes of older hospitalised COVID-19 patients between the first and second pandemic wave in The Netherlands. METHODS: this was a multicentre retrospective cohort study in 16 hospitals in The Netherlands including patients aged ≥ 70 years, hospitalised for COVID-19 in Spring 2020 (first wave) and Autumn 2020 (second wave). Data included Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), disease severity and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Main outcome was in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: a total of 1,376 patients in the first wave (median age 78 years, 60% male) and 946 patients in the second wave (median age 79 years, 61% male) were included. There was no relevant difference in presence of comorbidity (median CCI 2) or frailty (median CFS 4). Patients in the second wave were admitted earlier in the disease course (median 6 versus 7 symptomatic days; P < 0.001). In-hospital mortality was lower in the second wave (38.1% first wave versus 27.0% second wave; P < 0.001). Mortality risk was 40% lower in the second wave compared with the first wave (95% confidence interval: 28–51%) after adjustment for differences in patient characteristics, comorbidity, symptomatic days until admission, disease severity and frailty. CONCLUSIONS: compared with older patients hospitalised in the first COVID-19 wave, patients in the second wave had lower in-hospital mortality, independent of risk factors for mortality. The better prognosis likely reflects earlier diagnosis, the effect of improvement in treatment and is relevant for future guidelines and treatment decisions

Cartagena patrimonial: Conocimientos, percepciones y apropiación del patrimonio material de la ciudad en los jóvenes de las Instituciones educativas Pedro de Heredia e Institución educativa José de la Vega.

Tesis (Comunicador(a) Social) -- Universidad de Cartagena. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Educación. Programa de Comunicación Social, 2015Este proyecto investigativo tiene como propósito principal analizar la influencia del programa educativo Vive tu patrimonio dirigido por la Escuela Taller Cartagena De Indias (ETCAR) a partir de tres variables: conocimiento, percepción y apropiación. En este proyecto se encuentra una reflexión exhaustiva sobre las distintas relaciones que guarda el patrimonio material con las propuestas educacionales y de comunicación, donde su trasmisión informativa y conceptual se ha vuelto un tema recurrido a lo largo de los años

Prevalência de ortorexia e vigorexia em estudantes de medicina

Artigo submetido ao Curso de Medicina da UNESC como requisito parcial para obtenção do Título de Bacharel em Medicina.Introdução: A ortorexia é uma disfunção alimentar associada à obsessão pelo consumo de alimentos considerados saudáveis. Enquanto a vigorexia é caracterizada pela preocupação excessiva por corpos saudáveis, culminando em busca desordenada pela hipertrofia muscular através de exercícios frequentemente extenuantes. Estudantes da área da saúde, por adquirir conhecimento aprofundado sobre os benefícios e malefícios dos diversos tipos alimentares e de exercícios, possuem maior probabilidade de desenvolver problemas alimentares. Objetivo: Conhecer a prevalência de ortorexia e vigorexia em estudantes de Medicina. Materiais e métodos: Foram aplicados os questionários Ortho-15 e de Adônis, de maneira online, para os estudantes de Medicina, do 1º ao 12º semestre da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense. Resultados: Dos 265 estudantes questionados, 232 apresentaram ortorexia e 255 apresentaram sintomas leves a moderados de vigorexia. Discussão: O presente estudo mostrou alta prevalência de ortorexia e vigorexia nos estudantes de medicina entrevistados. Em relação à ortorexia, houve prevalência maior em mulheres, pessoas de faixa etária menor de 20 anos e em fases mais avançadas do curso. Ao se direcionar à vigorexia, a maioria dos estudantes questionados apresentaram sintomas leves a moderados, 3,4% possuíam problemas sérios e 0,4% com problemas. A prevalência foi maior em mulheres cis, pessoas com idade média de 21 anos e o caso mais preocupante está presente no internato. Conclusão: Conclui-se que há um número considerável de entrevistados com ortorexia e vigorexia. Torna-se necessária a realização de estudos em âmbito nacional para conhecer, traçar um perfil epidemiológico e informar profissionais da saúde sobre essas afecções pouco conhecidas