Time evolution of rheology of cement pastes affected by mixture design and mixing procedure

Robustness is defined as the capacity of cement-based materials to retain fresh properties when subjected to either small variations in the constituent elements or small changes in the mixing procedure. Compared to normal concrete, self-consolidating concrete (SCC) may show less tolerance to those changes. Most robustness studies focus on initial rheological properties or workability, but concentrate less on the evolution of these properties within the first hour(s). This paper presents the results of an investigation aimed at evaluating the change of yield stress and plastic viscosity with time of cement pastes with SCC consistency, which is mainly affected by variations in the water content and the adding time of the superplasticizer. A change in water content also influences the initial rheological properties, and these differences are amplified over time. The difference due to the different adding time of the superplasticizer is, however, reduced or even reversed over time

Authoritarian leadership and employee creativity: The moderating role of psychological capital and the mediating role of fear and defensive silence

© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Drawing from the transactional theory of stress, we examined the relationships between authoritarian leadership, fear, defensive silence, and ultimately employee creativity. We also explored the moderating effect of employee psychological capital on these mediated relationships. We tested our hypothesized model in two studies of employee-supervisor dyads working in Africa (Nigeria; Study 1) and Asia (China; Study 2). The results of Study 1 revealed that the negative relationship between authoritarian leadership and creativity was mediated by employee defensive silence. Extending these findings in a three-wave study in Study 2, our results revealed a more complex relationship. Specifically, our results showed that both fear and defensive silence serially mediated the link between authoritarian leadership and employee creativity. In addition, we found that this mediated relationship was moderated by employee psychological capital such that the relationship was stronger when psychological capital was low (versus high). Implications for both theory and practice are discussed

Lattice Boltzmann based multicomponent reactive transport model coupled with geochemical solver for pore scale simulations

A Lattice Boltzmann (LB) based reactive transport model intended to capture reactions and solid phase changes occurring at the pore scale is presented. The proposed approach uses LB method to compute multi component mass transport. The LB multicomponent transport model is then coupled with the well-established geochemical reaction code PHREEQC which solves for thermodynamic equilibrium in mixed aqueous-solid phase system with homogenous and heterogeneous reactions. This coupling enables us to update solid phases volumes based on dissolution or precipitation using static update rules which, on pore scale, affects the change of potentially pore network geometry. Unlike conventional approach, heterogeneous reactions are conceptualized as volumetric reactions by introducing additional source term in the fluid node next to solid node, and not as flux boundaries. To demonstrate the validity of this approach several examples are presented in this paper

A rolling-horizon quadratic-programming approach to the signal control problem in large-scale congested urban road networks

The paper investigates the efficiency of a recently developed signal control methodology, which offers a computationally feasible technique for real-time network-wide signal control in large-scale urban traffic networks and is applicable also under congested traffic conditions. In this methodology, the traffic flow process is modeled by use of the store-and-forward modeling paradigm, and the problem of network-wide signal control (including all constraints) is formulated as a quadratic-programming problem that aims at minimizing and balancing the link queues so as to minimize the risk of queue spillback. For the application of the proposed methodology in real time, the corresponding optimization algorithm is embedded in a rolling-horizon (model-predictive) control scheme. The control strategy’s efficiency and real-time feasibility is demonstrated and compared with the Linear-Quadratic approach taken by the signal control strategy TUC (Traffic-responsive Urban Control) as well as with optimized fixed-control settings via their simulation-based application to the road network of the city centre of Chania, Greece, under a number of different demand scenarios. The comparative evaluation is based on various criteria and tools including the recently proposed fundamental diagram for urban network traffic