Forecasting cosmological constraints from age of high-z galaxies

We perform Monte Carlo simulations based on current age estimates of high-z objects to forecast constraints on the equation of state (EoS) of the dark energy. In our analysis, we use two different EoS parameterizations, namely, the so-called CPL and its uncorrelated form and calculate the improvements on the figure of merit for both cases. Although there is a clear dependence of the FoM with the size and accuracy of the synthetic age samples, we find that the most substantial gain in FoM comes from a joint analysis involving age and baryon acoustic oscillation data.Comment: 4 pages, 13 figures, late

Resposta comparada do sorgo granífero (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) e do milho (Zea mays L.) a adubação nitrogenada, fosfatada e potássica: I. Areia quartzosa distrófica

The comparative response of three sorghum (E-57, TEY 101 and C- 102) and of three corn cultivars (HMD-7974, Centralmex and Piranão) to N, P and K applications was studied in a soil from Anhembi, SP, classifield as Distrophic quartz sand (AQd) was studied. Leaf analyses were made to assess the nutritional status of the two crops. Main conclusions were the following. 1. Sorghum yieldel more than corn; 2. Both sorghum and corn varieties showed different capacities to absorb N, P and K from the soil and to fertilizer application; 3. There was no response to K2O fertilization; 4. Only Piranão increased yield when suplemented with a mixture of micronutrientes; 5. Direct relationships between rates of N and P2O5 and yield and leaf content were found; 6. Direct relationships between rates of N and P2O5 and yield and leaf content were found; 7. The following leaf levels were considered to be adequate, respectively for sorghum and corn: N - 2,00 - 2,25%, 3,25 - 3,50%; P - 0,30 - 0,40, 0,45 - 0,50; K -2,00 - 2,50, 2,20 - 2,40%; Ca - 0,20 - 0,40, 0,44- 0,72% Mg - 0,25 - 0,40, 0,34 - 0,60%; S - 0,50 - 0,70, 0,72 -0,80; Cu - 7 - 10, 11 - 15%; Fe - 84 - 170, 98 - 125%; Mn - 58 - 72, 66 - 85%; Zn - 10 - 14, 18 - 22; critical levels, however, do very depending upon cultivar.Em urn solo classificado como Areia Quartzosa Distrófica (AQd) de Anhembi, SP, foi estudada a resposta de três cultivares de sorgo granífero (E-57, TEY-101 e C-102) e de milho (HMD-7974, Centralmex e Piranão) à adubação nitrogenada, fosfatada e potássica e à adição de uma mistura contendo micronutrientes. Durante o de senvolvimento foram colhidas amostras de folhas para análise mineral. A análise dos dados permitiu tirar as seguintes conclusões principais: 1. as produções do sorgo foram maiores que as obtidas com o milho, quer se considerem as médias de todos os tratamentos ou a colheita correspondente ã dose maior de adubo (150 kg de N, 200 de P(2)0(5) e 150 kg de K(2)0 por ha); 2. as variedades tanto de sorgo quan to de milho mostraram capacidades diferentes para absorver N e P do solo e para responder à adubação empregada ; 3. não houve resposta à adubação potássica; 4. somente a cv. Piranão respondeu à adição de micronutrientes; 5. foram encontradas relações diretas entre dose de N e P2O5 aplicada, colheita e teor do elemento correspondente, o que permitiu estabelecer níveis críticos fisiológicos para a avaliação do estado nutricional; 6. estabeleceram-se os teores foliares dos macronutrientes secundários (Ca, Mg e S) e dos micronutrientes catiônicos que indicam nutrição mineraladequada

Advances in FAI Imaging: a Focused Review

Purpose of review: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is one of the main causes of hip pain in young adults and poses clinical challenges which have placed it at the forefront of imaging and orthopedics. Diagnostic hip imaging has dramatically changed in the past years, with the arrival of new imaging techniques and the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This article reviews the current state-of-the-art clinical routine of individuals with suspected FAI, limitations, and future directions that show promise in the field of musculoskeletal research and are likely to reshape hip imaging in the coming years. Recent findings: The largely unknown natural disease course, especially in hips with FAI syndrome and those with asymptomatic abnormal morphologies, continues to be a problem as far as diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis are concerned. There has been a paradigm shift in recent years from bone and soft tissue morphological analysis towards the tentative development of quantitative approaches, biochemical cartilage evaluation, dynamic assessment techniques and, finally, integration of artificial intelligence (AI)/deep learning systems. Imaging, AI, and hip preserving care will continue to evolve with new problems and greater challenges. The increasing number of analytic parameters describing the hip joint, as well as new sophisticated MRI and imaging analysis, have carried practitioners beyond simplistic classifications. Reliable evidence-based guidelines, beyond differentiation into pure instability or impingement, are paramount to refine the diagnostic algorithm and define treatment indications and prognosis. Nevertheless, the boundaries of morphological, functional, and AI-aided hip assessment are gradually being pushed to new frontiers as the role of musculoskeletal imaging is rapidly evolving.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Skin effect as a probe of transport regimes in Weyl semimetals

We study the propagation of an oscillatory electromagnetic field inside a Weyl semimetal. In conventional conductors, the motion of the charge carriers in the skin layer near the surface can be diffusive, ballistic, or hydrodynamic. We show that the presence of chiral anomalies, intrinsic to the massless Weyl particles, leads to a hitherto neglected nonlocal regime that can separate the normal and viscous skin effects. We propose to use this regime as a diagnostic of the presence of chiral anomalies in optical conductivity measurements. These results are obtained from a generalized kinetic theory that includes various relaxation mechanisms, allowing us to investigate different transport regimes of Weyl semimetals

Surface Effects on the Mechanical Elongation of AuCu Nanowires: De-alloying and the Formation of Mixed Suspended Atomic Chains

We report here an atomistic study of the mechanical deformation of AuxCu(1-x) atomic-size wires (NWs) by means of high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) experiments. Molecular dynamics simulations were also carried out in order to obtain deeper insights on the dynamical properties of stretched NWs. The mechanical properties are significantly dependent on the chemical composition that evolves in time at the junction; some structures exhibit a remarkable de-alloying behavior. Also, our results represent the first experimental realization of mixed linear atomic chains (LACs) among transition and noble metals; in particular, surface energies induce chemical gradients on NW surfaces that can be exploited to control the relative LAC compositions (different number of gold and copper atoms). The implications of these results for nanocatalysis and spin transport of one-atom-thick metal wires are addressed.Comment: Accepted to Journal of Applied Physics (JAP

Bound vortex states and exotic lattices in multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates: The role of vortex-vortex interaction

We numerically study the vortex-vortex interaction in multi-component homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensates within the realm of the Gross-Pitaevskii theory. We provide strong evidences that pairwise vortex interaction captures the underlying mechanisms which determine the geometric configuration of the vortices, such as different lattices in many-vortex states, as well as the bound vortex states with two (dimer) or three (trimer) vortices. Specifically, we discuss and apply our theoretical approach to investigate intra- and inter-component vortex-vortex interactions in two- and three-component Bose-Einstein condensates, thereby shedding light on the formation of the exotic vortex configurations. These results correlate with current experimental efforts in multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates, and the understanding of the role of vortex interactions in multiband superconductors.Comment: Published in PR

Effects of Estrogen on vascular inflammation: a matter of timing.

Objective: Our study aims to determine the role of time of menopause on vascular inflammation biomarkers and how it affects their modulation by estrogen and raloxifene in postmenopausal women. Methods and results: Uterine arteries from 68 postmenopausal women were divided into 3 segments and cultured for 24 hours in tissue culture media containing 17β-estradiol (100 nmol/L), raloxifene (100 nmol/L), or vehicle. Assessment of arterial concentration of 13 inflammatory biomarkers was performed by multiplex immunobead-based assay. Aging per se has a positive correlation with the generation of several proinflammatory markers. Although short-term estradiol exposure correlates with lower expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and interleukin-1β in all age groups, for most biomarkers aging was associated with a switch from a beneficial anti-inflammatory action by estrogen, at earlier stages of menopause, to a proinflammatory profile after 5 years past its onset. Raloxifene has no significant effect on the expression of all proinflammatory markers. Western blot analysis of estrogen receptor expression (estrogen receptor-α and estrogen receptor-β) showed that estrogen receptor-β increases with aging, and this increase has a positive correlation with the generation of several proinflammatory markers. Conclusions: Aging alters estrogen-mediated effects on the modulation of inflammatory biomarkers in women. How aging affects estrogen responses on vascular inflammation is not clear, but our data show a positive association between increased estrogen receptor-β expression with aging and proinflammatory effects by estrogen