Spontaneous Cyclogenesis without Radiative and Surface-Flux Feedbacks

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are among the most intense and feared storms in the world. What physical processes lead to cyclogenesis remains the most mysterious aspect of TC physics. Here, we study spontaneous TC genesis using cloud-resolving simulations over an f-plane with constant sea-surface temperature. Previous studies proposed that spontaneous TC genesis requires either radiative or surface-flux feedbacks. To test this hypothesis, we perform mechanism-denial experiments, in which we switch off both feedback processes. We find that TCs can self-emerge even without radiative and surface-flux feedbacks. Although these feedbacks accelerate the genesis and impact the size of the TCs, TCs can reach similar intensities as those in the control experiment without these feedbacks. We show that TC genesis is associated with an abrupt increase in the Available Potential Energy (APE) and that convective heating dominates the APE production. Our result suggests that spontaneous TC genesis may result from a cooperative interaction between convection and circulation, and that radiative and surface-flux feedbacks accelerate the process

Logistics service providers and Industry 4.0: A systematic literature review

Background: Industry 4.0 is one of the topics related to manufacturing, supply chain and logistics that has received great interest from the academic community, organizations and governments in the last decade. Problem statement: Several published articles discuss and seek to conceptualize what the fourth industrial revolution is, but no research relates industry 4.0 in the context of logistics service providers (LSPs) in a clear and structured way. Objectives: This study aims to fill this research gap, proposing a conceptual framework and addressing the challenges, barriers and organizational dimensions that need adaptation to insert LSPs in the new Industry 4.0 environment. Methods: This theoretical and conceptual study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) as a research method to understand the Industry 4.0 phenomenon in the context of LSPs. Contributions: The relevant constructs identified in this research will help professionals and organizations that provide logistics services to develop strategies and encourage new research in the 15 field of Industry 4.0 from the perspective of LSPs. Results: In addition, this research identified and generally consolidated six dimensions, as a result of this innovative study a conceptual framework is presented

UNDERSTANDING THE IMPLICATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGY ADOPTION

The objective of this paper is to follow the consequences on the product environmental impact of the industrial strategy through the product development process. Students were observed while designing a bicycle luggage carrier for tracing a cause-effect network that would link the strategy to the designed product and its environmental impact. The results show the strategy's influence through the design process at a macro-level

A influência da estrutura sociorrelacional do empreendedor na capacidade inovativa de empresas incubadas de base tecnológica

O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar as influências das interações sociais dos empreendedores na capacidade de inovação das empresas em uma incubadora de base tecnológica. O processo inovação organizacional pode sofrer influências positivas quando o gestor possui habilidade em unir conhecimentos complementares e entender o processo de interação com outras organizações. Assim, analisou-se a estrutura sociorrelacional dos empreendedores, de maneira a vincular o poder das conexões dos atores à sua capacidade de inovação. Para o alcance dos objetivos propostos foram aplicados dois questionários com 33 empresários de 12 empresas incubadas e 3 diretores da incubadora: um baseado na Pesquisa Nacional de Inovação do Brasil (PINTEC) e outro para mensuração das relações interpessoais Foram obtidos 12 questionários válidos de cada escala. As variáveis de interação social foram correlacionadas com as do processo de inovação. Os resultados demonstram que as interações sociais apresentam relação significativa com (a) número de colaboradores, (b) satisfação com o processo de incubação, (c) compra de serviços de P&D, (d) fontes de informação e (e) inovações organizacionais e de marketing. As limitações deste trabalho constituem-se na amostra reduzida a uma única instituição. Para futuras investigações, sugere-se a utilização de outras medidas de desempenho de inovação, a replicação da pesquisa a outras incubadoras e com outras startups não incubadas.The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of Entrepreneurial Social Interaction on the innovative capacity of firms in a technology incubator. The innovation process of firms can be positively affected when managers have the ability to join complementary skills and to understand organizational interaction process. So we analyzed the sociorrelational structure of entrepreneurs in a way to relate the power of actors' connection with their innovative capacity. For that, we applied two questionnaires with 33 entrepreneurs from 12 incubated companies and three directors of the incubator: one based on the National Survey of Innovation in Brazil (PINTEC) and one for measurement of interpersonal relationships. It was obtained 12 questionnaires answered from each of the scale proposed. The results show that social interaction have a significant relationship with the (a) number of employees; (b) satisfaction with the incubation process; (c) purchase of R&D process; (d) sources of information and (e) organizational innovation and marketing. The limitation of this study consists of the size of the sample which is reduced to a single organization. For Future researches, it is suggested to use other measures of innovation performance; the replication of this research to other incubators and non-incubated startups

Interplay between charge density wave and superconductivity in multiband systems with interband Coulomb interaction

In this work we study the competition or coexistence between charge density wave (CDW) and superconductivity (SC) in a two-band model system in a square lattice. One of the bands has a net attractive interaction (Jd) that is responsible for SC. The model includes on-site Coulomb repulsion between quasiparticles in different bands (Udc) and the hybridization (V) between them. We are interested in describing intermetallic systems with a d-band of moderately correlated electrons, for which a mean-field approximation is adequate, coexisting with a large sp-band. For simplicity, all interactions and the hybridization V are considered site-independent. We obtain the eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian numerically and minimize the free energy density with respect to the relevant parameters to obtain the phase diagrams as function of Jd, Udc, V, band-filling (ntot), and the relative depth of the bands (εd0). We consider two types of superconducting ground states coexisting with the CDW. One is a homogeneous ground state and the other is a pair density wave where the SC order parameter has the same spatial modulation of the CDW. Our results show that the CDW and SC orders compete, but depending on the parameters of the model these phases may coexist. The model reproduces most of the experimental features of high dimensionality (d>1) metals with competing CDW and SC states, including the existence of first- and second-order phase transitions in their phase diagrams

Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Peru and exploration of phylogenetic associations with drug resistance.

BACKGROUND: There is limited available data on the strain diversity of M tuberculosis in Peru, though there may be interesting lessons to learn from a setting where multidrug resistant TB has emerged as a major problem despite an apparently well-functioning DOTS control programme. METHODS: Spoligotyping was undertaken on 794 strains of M tuberculosis collected between 1999 and 2005 from 553 community-based patients and 241 hospital-based HIV co-infected patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lima, Peru. Phylogenetic and epidemiologic analyses permitted identification of clusters and exploration of spoligotype associations with drug resistance. RESULTS: Mean patient age was 31.9 years, 63% were male and 30.4% were known to be HIV+. Rifampicin mono-resistance, isoniazid mono-resistance and multidrug resistance (MDR) were identified in 4.7%, 8.7% and 17.3% of strains respectively. Of 794 strains from 794 patients there were 149 different spoligotypes. Of these there were 27 strains (3.4%) with novel, unique orphan spoligotypes. 498 strains (62.7%) were clustered in the nine most common spoligotypes: 16.4% SIT 50 (clade H3), 12.3% SIT 53 (clade T1), 8.3% SIT 33 (LAM3), 7.4% SIT 42 (LAM9), 5.5% SIT 1 (Beijing), 3.9% SIT 47 (H1), 3.0% SIT 222 (clade unknown), 3.0% SIT1355 (LAM), and 2.8% SIT 92 (X3). Amongst HIV-negative community-based TB patients no associations were seen between drug resistance and specific spoligotypes; in contrast HIV-associated MDRTB, but not isoniazid or rifampicin mono-resistance, was associated with SIT42 and SIT53 strains. CONCLUSION: Two spoligotypes were associated with MDR particularly amongst patients with HIV. The MDR-HIV association was significantly reduced after controlling for SIT42 and SIT53 status; residual confounding may explain the remaining apparent association. These data are suggestive of a prolonged, clonal, hospital-based outbreak of MDR disease amongst HIV patients but do not support a hypothesis of strain-specific propensity for the acquisition of resistance-conferring mutations

New Configuration of the Brazilian State: Liberty and Development in the Evolution of Government in Brazil

The recent events in the global economy have revitalized the debate about the size and functions of the State. The neoliberal discourse was put in check, reopening the discussions concerning Market Liberty and the importance of the State. Since the proclamation of the Republic, the Brazilian government has undergone numerous reforms, sometimes assuming a liberal, external market dependent orientation, while at other times assuming an authoritarian, developmental state-driven orientation. The aim of this article is to develop insights into the evolution of the governmental organization and reflect on the assumptions that lie behind the various reforms that have taken place since the beginning of the Republic. The theoretical framework is divided into three parts: Development and Liberty based on the perspectives of Friedrich Hayek and Amartya Sen; the role of the State and its impact on the economy and; the formats assumed by the Brazilian State throughout the history of the Republic. The latter part of the work returns to the theoretical framework, summarizing all that has been discussed in order to fulfil the aims of the study