1,820 research outputs found

    Poincar\'e's polyhedron theorem for cocompact groups in dimension 4

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    We prove a version of Poincar\'e's polyhedron theorem whose requirements are as local as possible. New techniques such as the use of discrete groupoids of isometries are introduced. The theorem may have a wide range of applications and can be generalized to the case of higher dimension and other geometric structures. It is planned as a first step in a program of constructing compact C\mathbb C-surfaces of general type satisfying c12=3c2c_1^2=3c_2.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, 9 references. Introduction revised. Example 3.16 adde

    ORIENTAÇÕES DE ALTA HOSPITALAR PARA O DESEMPENHO DO AUTOCUIDADO APÓS A CIRURGIA CARDÍACA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

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    Objetivo: identificar as orientações de saúde necessárias, para que o paciente em pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca possa desempenhar comportamentos de autocuidado após a alta hospitalar. Método: revisão integrativa, seguindo as etapas propostas por Whittemore, limitada aos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, e publicação entre 2007 e 2018. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados disponíveis nas bibliotecas virtuais PubMed e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e o instrumento de Ursi para extração dos dados. Classificaram-se os artigos conforme o nível de evidência. Resultados: foram incluídos seis artigos. Os achados possibilitaram a criação de nove categorias que agrupam as orientações de saúde para o desempenho do autocuidado após alta hospitalar decorrente de cirurgia cardíaca. Conclusão: atividades de vida diária, alimentação, atividade e exercício físico, sintomas psicológicos, controle de fatores de risco, complicações, terapia medicamentosa, manejo dos sintomas e pele foram orientações de saúde identificadas para o desempenho do autocuidado após alta hospitalar de pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca.Descritores: Revascularização Miocárdica. Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardiovasculares. Valvas Cardíacas. Cuidados Pós-Operatórios. Educação de Pacientes como Assunto. Autocuidado

    Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) do sul do Brasil : espécies potencialmente importantes no controle biológico

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    Orientadora : Profa. Dra. Lúcia Massuti de AlmeidaCo-orientadora : Dra. Camila Fediuk de C. GuedesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia). Defesa: Curitiba, 12/05/2017Inclui referências: f.49-53Área de concentração : EntomologiaResumo: O controle biológico tem sido utilizado por cerca de dois séculos e tornou-se parte do manejo de pragas desde o final do século XIX. Os organismos que atuam como agentes de controle biológico são denominados inimigos naturais, os quais são formados pelos parasitoides, predadores e patógenos. Dentre os predadores destacam-se os besouros pertencentes à família Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), especialmente as espécies da tribo Coccinellini, composta por predadores vorazes tanto as larvas quanto os adultos, que se alimentam principalmente de afídeos e psilídeos, conferindo a eles potencial para uso em programas de controle biológico. Tendo em vista a importância dessas espécies é fundamental sua correta identificação, como imaturos ou adultos, especialmente as que ocorrem em sistemas agroflorestais. Diante do atual panorama, onde não existem trabalhos que incluam chaves de identificação, especialmente para os imaturos, o presente trabalho visou estudar as espécies de Coccinellidae predadoras comuns na região sul do Brasil, incluindo descrições e chaves de identificação pictóricas, tanto para as larvas de 4º instar quanto para os adultos. As seguintes espécies foram coletadas, criadas e estudadas: Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnaeus, 1763), Eriopis connexa (Germar, 1824), Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773), Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville, 1842 e Olla v-nigrum (Mulsant, 1866). As espécies foram coletadas em campo e criadas em laboratório, em recipientes plásticos de 500 mL, em câmaras de criação, a 25ºC±1ºC, umidade relativa de 70%±10%, fotofase de 12 horas e alimentadas com ovos congelados de Anagasta kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Os imaturos e os adultos provenientes da criação foram utilizados para os estudos morfológicos. A chave para os adultos foibaseada principalmente em coloração e máculas, e incluiu, além das espécies previamente citadas, os seguintes coccinelídeos: Cycloneda zischkai Mader, 1950, Cycloneda bioculata Korschefsky, 1938, Cycloneda pulchella (Klug, 1829), Cycloneda ocelligera (Croth, 1874) e Cycloneda conjugata (Mulsant, 1850). Em relação aos imaturos, não ocorrem grandes variações quanto a sua morfologia. A coloração e estruturas como paraescolos, strumas, chalazas e garras tarsais foram utilizadas para distinguir as espécies, sendo que a presença e a forma dos paraescolos foi a principal diferença evidenciada nas espécies estudadas. Harmonia axyridis apresentou os paraescolos mais esclerotinizados, longos e robustos, o que pode indicar maior agressividade quando comparada às demais espécies. Em Olla v-nigrum as cerdas são mais curtas quando comparadas às outras espécies estudadas provavelmente por terem como presa preferencial os psilídeos. Eriopis connexa e H. convergens não possuem dente subquadrado na garra tarsal, o que diferencia essas espécies das demais, que apresentam essa característica. Alguns caracteres puderam ser estudados pela primeira vez com uso de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura e serão importantes para o conhecimento dos grupos. Da mesma forma, as chaves apresentadas serão importantes para auxiliar o reconhecimento dos adultos e das larvas das espécies de predadores comuns na região sul do Brasil. Palavras-chave: Coccinellini, imaturos, MIP, morfologia.Abstract: Biological control has been used for about two centuries and it has become part of pest management since the late nineteenth century. Organisms that act as agents of biological control are known as natural enemies, which includes parasitoids, predators and pathogens. The Coccinellidae family (Coleoptera) stands out among the predators, especially the Coccinellini tribe, which has voracious predators both in their immature forms and adults. Both forms feed mainly on aphids and psyllids, providing them potential use in biological control programs. Considering the importance of these species, the correct identification of the immatures and adults is essential, mainly of those that occur in agronomic and agroforestry systems. Given the current situation, where there are no papers including identification key, especially for immatures, the present work aimed to study the predatory Coccinellidae species common in southern Brazil, including descriptions and pictorial identification keys, for the larvae of 4th instar and for adults. The following species were collected, reared and studied: Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnaeus, 1763), Eriopis connexa (Germar, 1824), Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773), Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville, 1842 and Olla v-nigrum (Mulsant, 1866). The species were collected on field and reared in the laboratory, in 500 mL plastic containers, in breeding chambers, at 25º C ± 1º C, 70% ± 10% relative humidity, 12 hour photophase and fed with frozen eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The immature and adults from the rearing were used for the morphological studies. The key to adults was based mainly on colorform and stain characters, and included, in addition to the previously mentioned species, the following coccinellids: Cycloneda zischkai Mader, 1950, Cycloneda bioculata Korschefsky, 1938, Cycloneda pulchella (Klug, 1829), Cycloneda ocelligera (Croth, 1874) and Cycloneda conjugata (Mulsant, 1850). Regarding the immatures, there was not great morphological variations. The colorform and structures such as paraescolus, strumas, chalazas and tarsal claws were used to distinguish the species, but the presence and shape of paraescolus was the main difference found between the species studied. Harmonia axyridis presented paraescolus more sclerotinized, long and robust, which may indicate greater aggressiveness when compared to the other species. In Olla v-nigrum the setae are shorter when compared to the other species studied probably because they prefer to eat psyllids. Eriopis connexa and Hippodamia convergens do not have a subquadrated tooth in the tarsal claw, which differs these species from the others studied. Some new characters could be studied for the first time with the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy and will be important for the recognize the groups. Likewise, the keys presented will be important for the recognition of adults and larvae of common predator species in southern Brazil. Key words: Coccinellini, immature, IPM, morphology

    MIGRAÇÕES NA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR E DE ASSALARIADOS AGRÍCOLAS

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    Este trabalho analisa a evolução do número de famílias agrícolas e pluriativas, destacando por situação do domicílio, identificando tendências demográficas, e indicativos de fluxos migratórios recentes.----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------This paper examines the evolution of the number of farming families and pluriative, by situation of the home, identifying demographic trends, and indicative of recent migration.Agricultura Familiar, Assalariados, Migrações, Family Farmer, Employees, Migration, Labor and Human Capital,

    Risk factors for physical disability upon release from multidrug therapy in new cases of leprosy at a referral center in Brazil

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    The present study sought to investigate the risk factors for physical disability upon release from multidrug therapy (MDT) in new cases of leprosy, registered at a referral center in Brazil. This is a longitudinal and retrospective study that evaluated 260 patients. Multivariate analyses, using both the ordinal logistic regression, as well as the classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm were performed to determine the factors associated with physical disability upon release from treatment. The prevalence of disability did not differ significantly between diagnosis and release from treatment. Number of affected nerves and sensory impairment upon diagnosis were risk factors for disability at the end of MDT. The analysis using the CART algorithm resulted in the development of a clinical score to predict the risk of disability upon release from MDT. The decision tree may have a direct applicability in clinical practice for professionals dealing with leprosy, as it allows them to identify patients with a higher risk of physical disability through the use of simple and widely available clinical tests. This study also shows that the disability grade upon admission is the main risk factor for disability upon release from MDT. This result draws attention to the importance of early diagnosis in disability prevention

    Impact of heart rate on reproducibility of heart rate variability analysis in the supine and standing positions in healthy men

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    OBJECTIVE: The reliability of heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is not yet fully understood, especially considering different body positions and the mathematical influence of heart rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of HRV in supine and standing positions, with and without mathematical adjustment of HRV by the average R-R interval (iRR). METHODS: We evaluated 37 young males (23.1±4 years; 25.1±3 kg/m2). A 5-min segment of the iRR was collected in the supine and standing positions on three occasions separated by 48-hour intervals. Absolute and relative reliability of temporal and spectral indices were assessed by the coefficient of variation (CV) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. RESULTS: We did not observe differences in HRV indices in the three occasions in the supine or standing position (p>0.05). Moderate to good reproducibility was observed for temporal and spectral indices of HRV in the supine position (ICC: 0.65-0.89; CV: 0.9-19.8). In the orthostatic position, low to good reproducibility was observed (ICC: 0.35-0.89; CV: 1.1-34.8), with higher ICCs for temporal indices. After mathematical adjustment, only a small modification in HRV reliability was observed in both positions. CONCLUSIONS: In young adult males, the mathematical adjustment of HRV by the average iRR led to a nonsignificant effect on HRV reliability. Additionally, HRV reliability is dependent on body position and the index analyzed. Promising measures in both supine and standing positions include r-MSSD and the HF band (parasympathetic indices)
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