A Confederação Nacional da Indústria e sua agenda legislativa : um estudo dos agentes políticos e de suas proposições.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Paulo Roberto Neves CostaDissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias Humanas, Letras e Artes, Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Ciência Política, Departamento de Ciências Sociais. Defesa: Curitiba, 20/02/2011Bibliografia: fls. 94-97Resumo: O que buscamos e problematizar, principalmente, tres questoes: a representacao concreta de interesses empresariais frente ao Estado, a acao coordenada do empresariado e a homogeneidade de preferencias. Sobre a primeira questao, o primeiro passo e entender a acao politica empresarial, apos temos que avaliar a questao da representacao, ou seja, analisar qual e a acao de determinados atores dentro da arena decisoria. A partir de 1988 se observou um grande deslocamento da acao de grupos de pressao, do meio empresarial, do Poder Executivo para o Poder Legislativo, justamente pela pluralidade de pessoas politicas, facilitando o contato entre grupos externos e o poder publico. Com essa mudanca de foco da acao empresarial, consideramos que a melhor abordagem para testar a representacao do empresariado frente ao Estado, e a de analisar a Camara dos Deputados e seus atores politicos. Nao podemos de saida aceitar a afirmacao corrente de que grupos de individuos com interesses comuns tenderiam, usualmente, a promover tais interesses, principalmente se fossem economicos. Para obter informacoes mensuraveis sobre a acao decisoria, procuramos analisar a \Agenda legislativa da industria. (ALI), documento anual elaborado pela Confederacao Nacional da Industria (CNI). Nossos achados demonstram que nao ha uma acao coordenada em prol dos interesses empresarias, pois estes muitas vezes sao fragmentados, entretanto ha determinados atributos comuns entre o grupo de representante desses interesses, nao chegando a se estabelecer uma elite dirigente empresarial, mas indicando determinadas trajetorias sociais comuns.Abstract: What we seek is to discuss mainly three issues: a concrete representation of business interests against the state, coordinated actions of business and the homogeneity of preferences. On the first issue, the first step is to understand the corporate political action, after which we assess the issue of representation, that is, analyze what is the action of certain actors within the decision-making arena. Since 1988 there has been a big shift from the action of pressure groups, the business of the Executive to the Legislature, just by the plurality of political persons, facilitating contact between outside groups and the government. With this shift in focus of the business, we believe that the best approach to test the representation of entrepreneurs from the state, is to analyze the Chamber of Deputies and its political actors. No output can accept the current affirmation that groups of individuals with common interests tend usually to promote these interests, especially if they were cheap. For information on the measurable action decisions, we examine "the legislative agenda of the industry" (ALI), an annual document prepared by the National Confederation of Industry (CNI). Our findings demonstrate that there is a coordinated action in support of business interests, as these are often fragmented, however there are certain commonalities among the group representing those interests, and did not establish a corporate elite, but by identifying certain social trajectories common

TRANSPARÊNCIA E PRESTAÇÃO DE CONTAS À SOCIEDADE: o caso das Associações de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais de Santa Catarina

O objetivo desse estudo foi de verificar o nível de transparência e prestação de contas dos recursos destinado as Associações de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE) de Santa Catarina. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como descritiva, utiliza técnicas de levantamento com abordagem quantitativa. A população da pesquisa estabeleceu-se por 190 APAES filiadas a FEAPAES-SC, e a amostra constituiu-se por 70 organizações, correspondendo a 36,85% da população. Entre os resultados da pesquisa, demonstra-se que as APAES divulgam suas atividades por meio de redes sociais, revistas e jornais assim como veiculação em emissoras de rádios locais, pouca utilização de site institucional. A divulgação dos resultados financeiros sãos realizados por meio de relatórios contábeis em assembleia para quem quiser participar. Desta forma, conclui-se que as APAES utilizam-se de ferramentas de gestão como planejamento estratégico, planejamento orçamentário e plano de trabalho para prestar contas dos recursos captados junto aos órgãos públicos e privados, permitindo evidenciar o gerenciamento dos recursos que lhe foram confiados.

2-Methoxyestradiol-3,17-O,O-bis-sulfamate (STX140) inhibits proliferation and invasion via senescence pathway induction in human BRAFi-resistant melanoma cells

The endogenous estradiol derivative 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) has shown good and wide anticancer activity but suffers from poor oral bioavailability and extensive metabolic conjugation. However, its sulfamoylated derivative, 2-methoxyestradiol-3,17-O,O-bis-sulfamate (STX140), has superior potential as a therapeutic agent, acts by disrupting microtubule polymerization, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells and possesses much better pharmaceutical properties. This study investigated the antiproliferative and anti-invasive activities of STX140 in both SKMEL-28 naïve melanoma (SKMEL28-P) cells and resistant melanoma cells (SKMEL-28R). STX140 inhibited cell proliferation in the nanomolar range while having a less pronounced effect on human melanocytes. Additionally, STX140 induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and sub-G1, reduced migration, and clonogenic potential in monolayer models, and inhibited invasion in a 3D human skin model with melanoma cells. Furthermore, STX140 induced senescence features in melanoma and activated the senescence machinery by upregulating the expression of senescence genes and proteins related to senescence signaling. These findings suggest that STX140 may hold potential as a therapeutic agent for melanoma treatment

Frequência dos tipos de cefaleia no centro de atendimento terciário do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

ResumoObjetivoAvaliar a frequência dos diferentes diagnósticos de cefaleias do Ambulatório de Cefaleias do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (AmbCef-UFMG).MétodosEstudo transversal e descritivo com 289 pacientes atendidos consecutivamente no AmbCef-UFMG. O diagnóstico da cefaleia baseou-se nos critérios da Classificação Internacional das Cefaleias (ICDH-2004).ResultadosA idade média dos pacientes foi 42,6 anos, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (86,9%) e com menos de nove anos de escolaridade. As cefaleias primárias foram as mais comuns, sendo a migrânea encontrada em 79,8% dos casos e a cefaleia do tipo tensional (CTT), em 20,4%. Entre as secundárias, o tipo mais comum foi a cefaleia por uso excessivo de analgésicos (16,6%), seguido de casos menos comuns como a hipertensão intracraniana idiopática. A cefaleia crônica diária (CCD) esteve presente em 31,8% dos casos.ConclusãoEste estudo confirma dados da literatura que mostram a migrânea como a cefaleia mais comum em centros terciários. O número expressivo de casos de CCD e de uso excessivo de analgésicos indica que, desde o nível primário de atenção, os pacientes deveriam ser orientados a evitar o uso abusivo de medicação sintomática.SummaryObjectiveTo assess the frequency of different diagnoses of headaches in the Headache Outpatient Clinic of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (AmbCef-UFMG).MethodsCross sectional study with 289 patients consecutively attended to at AmbCef-UFMG. Headaches were diagnosed based on the criteria established by the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICDH-2004).ResultsThe average age of patients was 42.6 years, mostly women (86.9%) with less than nine years of education. Primary headaches were the most common type, with migraine found in 79.8% of cases, and tension-type headache (TTH) in 20.4%. Among the secondary types, the most common was headache caused by overuse of analgesics (16.6%), followed by less common types, such as idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Chronic daily headache (CDH) was found in 31.8% of cases.ConclusionThis study confirms literature data showing migraine as the most common headache in tertiary care centers. The expressive number of cases of CDH and headaches caused by overuse of analgesics indicates that, starting at the primary care level, patients should be advised to avoid the abuse of symptomatic drugs

3-bromopyruvate suppresses the malignant phenotype of vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells

(1) BRAF mutations are associated with high mortality and are a substantial factor in therapeutic decisions. Therapies targeting BRAF-mutated tumors, such as vemurafenib (PLX), have significantly improved the overall survival of melanoma patients. However, patient relapse and low response rates remain challenging, even with contemporary therapeutic alternatives. Highly proliferative tumors often rely on glycolysis to sustain their aggressive phenotype. 3-bromopyruvate (3BP) is a promising glycolysis inhibitor reported to mitigate resistance in tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of 3BP as an antineoplastic agent for PLX-resistant melanoma treatment. (2) The effect of 3BP alone or in combination with PLX on viability, proliferation, colony formation, cell death, migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal marker and metabolic protein expression, extracellular glucose and lactate, and reactive species were evaluated in two PLX-resistant melanoma cell lines. (3) 3BP treatment, which was more effective as monotherapy than combined with PLX, disturbed the metabolic and epithelial-mesenchymal profile of PLX-resistant cells, impairing their proliferation, migration, and invasion and triggering cell death. (4) 3BP monotherapy is a potent metabolic-disrupting agent against PLX-resistant melanomas, supporting the suppression of the malignant phenotype in this type of neoplasia.This study was supported by FAPESP, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil (2015/25351-6; 2016/10821-0; 2016/13021-4; 2017/12620-4; 2019/14189-4), and CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Brasil (309998/2019-0). São Paulo Research Foundation (2019/07502-8)

A mobilidade urbana como fonte de desenvolvimento sustentável: Reflexões sobre a cidade de Panambi/RS.

The mobility of cities did not keep pace with the rapid economic development of the country and, in a general way, the quality of life linked to this theme has been lacking in most of the regions of the country. The rapid urbanization of cities, these transformations from predominantly rural to mostly urban, was also a factor that weighed on the difficulty of mobility accompanying such development. For the sustainable scope, it is a theme that aims to incorporate economic, social, intellectual and physical factors of each individual. Going beyond the elementary aspect: the coming and going, but considering that there should be a planning for a set of transportation and circulation policies that aims at using non-motorized, collective forms of transportation and incorporating urban mobility for individuals who have Permanent or reduced physical difficulty. This is based on the city of Panambi, in the interior of the State of Rio Grande do Sul / RS, using it as a parameter for the reflection of the problem and bibliographical research pertinent to the central theme. And thus seeing how the quality of life of the population of a city is influenced by efficiency and quality when moving from one location to another

Transcriptome analysis in cotton Boll Weevil (Anthonomus grandis) and RNA interference in insect pests.

Cotton plants are subjected to the attack of several insect pests. In Brazil, the cotton boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, is the most important cotton pest. The use of insecticidal proteins and gene silencing by interference RNA (RNAi) as techniques for insect control are promising strategies, which has been applied in the last few years. For this insect, there are not much available molecular information on databases. Using 454-pyrosequencing methodology, the transcriptome of all developmental stages of the insect pest, A. grandis, was analyzed. The A. grandis transcriptome analysis resulted in more than 500.000 reads and a data set of high quality 20,841 contigs. After sequence assembly and annotation, around 10,600 contigs had at least one BLAST hit against NCBI non-redundant protein database and 65.7% was similar to Tribolium castaneum sequences. A comparison of A. grandis, Drosophila melanogaster and Bombyx mori protein families’ data showed higher similarity to dipteran than to lepidopteran sequences. Several contigs of genes encoding proteins involved in RNAi mechanism were found. PAZ Domains sequences extracted from the transcriptome showed high similarity and conservation for the most important functional and structural motifs when compared to PAZ Domains from 5 species. Two SID-like contigs were phylogenetically analyzed and grouped with T. castaneum SID-like proteins. No RdRP gene was found. A contig matching chitin synthase 1 was mined from the transcriptome. dsRNA microinjection of a chitin synthase gene to A. grandis female adults resulted in normal oviposition of unviable eggs and malformed alive larvae that were unable to develop in artificial diet. This is the first study that characterizes the transcriptome of the coleopteran, A. grandis. A new and representative transcriptome database for this insect pest is now available. All data support the state of the art of RNAi mechanism in insects

Captive reptile mortality rates in the home and implications for the wildlife trade

The trade in wildlife and keeping of exotic pets is subject to varying levels of national and international regulation and is a topic often attracting controversy. Reptiles are popular exotic pets and comprise a substantial component of the live animal trade. High mortality of traded animals raises welfare concerns, and also has implications for conservation if collection from the wild is required to meet demand. Mortality of reptiles can occur at any stage of the trade chain from collector to consumer. However, there is limited information on mortality rates of reptiles across trade chains, particularly amongst final consumers in the home. We investigated mortality rates of reptiles amongst consumers using a specialised technique for asking sensitive questions, additive Randomised Response Technique (aRRT), as well as direct questioning (DQ). Overall, 3.6% of snakes, chelonians and lizards died within one year of acquisition. Boas and pythons had the lowest reported mortality rates of 1.9% and chameleons had the highest at 28.2%. More than 97% of snakes, 87% of lizards and 69% of chelonians acquired by respondents over five years were reported to be captive bred and results suggest that mortality rates may be lowest for captive bred individuals. Estimates of mortality from aRRT and DQ did not differ significantly which is in line with our findings that respondents did not find questions about reptile mortality to be sensitive. This research suggests that captive reptile mortality in the home is rather low, and identifies those taxa where further effort could be made to reduce mortality rate