229 research outputs found
Simple Exactly Solvable Models of non-Fermi Liquids
We generalize the model of Hatsugai and Kohmoto [J. Phys. Soc. Jpn, 61, 2056
(1992)] and find ground states which do not show the properties of Fermi
liquids. We work in two space dimensions, but it is straightforward to
generalize to higher dimensions. The ground state is highly degenerate and
there is no discontinuity in the momentum distribution; i.e., there is no Fermi
surface. The Green's function generically has a branch cut.Comment: Revte
Interaction of Laser Radiation with Plasmas and Nonadiabatic Motion of Particles in Magnetic Fields
Contains research objectives and reports on one research project.United States Atomic Energy Commission (Contract AT(30-1)-3285
Dissymmetrical tunnelling in heavy fermion metals
A tunnelling conductivity between a heavy fermion metal and a simple metallic
point is considered. We show that at low temperatures this conductivity can be
noticeably dissymmetrical with respect to the change of voltage bias. The
dissymmetry can be observed in experiments on the heavy fermion metals whose
electronic system has undergone the fermion condensation quantum phase
transition.Comment: 7 pages, Revte
A double-blind randomized controlled trial of maternal postpartum deworming to improve infant weight gain in the Peruvian Amazon
Background : Nutritional interventions targeting the critical growth and development period before two years of age can have the greatest impact on health trajectories over the life course. Compelling evidence has demonstrated that interventions investing in maternal health in the first 1000 days of life are beneficial for both mothers and their children. One such potential intervention is deworming integrated into maternal postpartum care in areas where soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are endemic.
Methodology/Principal Findings : From February to August 2014, 1010 mother-infant pairs were recruited into a trial aimed at assessing the effectiveness of maternal postpartum deworming on infant and maternal health outcomes. Following delivery, mothers were randomly assigned to receive either single-dose 400 mg albendazole or placebo. Participants were followed-up at 1 and 6 months postpartum. There was no statistically significant difference in mean weight gain between infants in the experimental and control groups (mean difference: -0.02; 95% CI: -0.1, 0.08) at 6 months of age. Further, deworming had no effect on measured infant morbidity indicators. However, ad hoc analyses restricted to mothers who tested positive for STHs at baseline suggest that infants of mothers in the experimental group had greater mean length gain in cm (mean difference: 0.8; 95% CI: 0.1, 1.4) and length-for-age z-score (mean difference: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.2, 0.8) at 6 months of age.
Conclusions/Significance : In a study population composed of both STH-infected and uninfected mothers, maternal postpartum deworming was insufficient to impact infant growth and morbidity indicators up to 6 months postpartum. Among STH-infected mothers, however, important improvements in infant length gain and length-for-age were observed. The benefits of maternal postpartum deworming should be further investigated in study populations having higher overall prevalences and intensities of STH infections and, in particular, where whipworm and hookworm infections are of public health concern
Interaction of Laser Radiation with Plasmas and Nonadiabatic Motion of Particles in Magnetic Fields
Contains research objectives and reports on two research projects.United States Atomic Energy Commision under Contract AT(30-1)-328
Plasma Dynamics
Contains reports on two research projects.National Science Foundation (Grant GK-37979X1)U. S. Atomic Energy Commission (Contract AT(11-1)-3070
Universal Behavior of Heavy-Fermion Metals Near a Quantum Critical Point
The behavior of the electronic system of heavy fermion metals is considered.
We show that there exist at least two main types of the behavior when the
system is nearby a quantum critical point which can be identified as the
fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT). We show that the first
type is represented by the behavior of a highly correlated Fermi-liquid, while
the second type is depicted by the behavior of a strongly correlated
Fermi-liquid. If the system approaches FCQPT from the disordered phase, it can
be viewed as a highly correlated Fermi-liquid which at low temperatures
exhibits the behavior of Landau Fermi liquid (LFL). At higher temperatures ,
it demonstrates the non-Fermi liquid (NFL) behavior which can be converted into
the LFL behavior by the application of magnetic fields . If the system has
undergone FCQPT, it can be considered as a strongly correlated Fermi-liquid
which demonstrates the NFL behavior even at low temperatures. It can be turned
into LFL by applying magnetic fields . We show that the effective mass
diverges at the very point that the N\'eel temperature goes to zero. The
phase diagrams of both liquids are studied. We demonstrate that these
phase diagrams have a strong impact on the main properties of heavy-fermion
metals such as the magnetoresistance, resistivity, specific heat,
magnetization, volume thermal expansion, etc.Comment: Revtex, 11 pages, revised and accepted by JETP Let
Interaction of Laser Radiation with Plasmas and Nonadiabatic Motion of Particles in Magnetic Fields
Contains research objectives.United States Atomic Energy Commission (Contract AT(30-1)-3285
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