763 research outputs found
Exact arithmetic as a tool for convergence assessment of the IRM-CG method
Using exact computer arithmetic, it is possible to determine the (exact)
solution of a numerical model without rounding error. For such purposes, a
corresponding system of equations should be exactly defined, either directly or
by rationalisation of numerically given input data. In the latter case there is
an initial round off error, but this does not propagate during the solution
process. If this system is first exactly solved, then by the floating-point
arithmetic, convergence of the numerical method is easily followed. As one
example, IRM-CG, a special case of the more general Iterated Ritz method and
interesting replacement for a standard or preconditioned CG, is verified.
Further, because the computer demands and execution time grow enourmously with
the number of unknowns using this strategy, the possibilities for larger
systems are also provided.Comment: 12 page
MicroRNA-222 regulates muscle alternative splicing through Rbm24 during differentiation of skeletal muscle cells
A number of microRNAs have been shown to regulate skeletal muscle development and differentiation. MicroRNA-222 is downregulated during myogenic differentiation and its overexpression leads to alteration of muscle differentiation process and specialized structures. By using RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) pulldown followed by RNA sequencing, combined with in silico microRNA target prediction, we have identified two new targets of microRNA-222 involved in the regulation of myogenic differentiation, Ahnak and Rbm24. Specifically, the RNA-binding protein Rbm24 is a major regulator of muscle-specific alternative splicing and its downregulation by microRNA-222 results in defective exon inclusion impairing the production of muscle-specific isoforms of Coro6, Fxr1 and NACA transcripts. Reconstitution of normal levels of Rbm24 in cells overexpressing microRNA-222 rescues muscle-specific splicing. In conclusion, we have identified a new function of microRNA-222 leading to alteration of myogenic differentiation at the level of alternative splicing, and we provide evidence that this effect is mediated by Rbm24 protei
Optimization of the Asymptotic Property of Mutual Learning Involving an Integration Mechanism of Ensemble Learning
We propose an optimization method of mutual learning which converges into the
identical state of optimum ensemble learning within the framework of on-line
learning, and have analyzed its asymptotic property through the statistical
mechanics method.The proposed model consists of two learning steps: two
students independently learn from a teacher, and then the students learn from
each other through the mutual learning. In mutual learning, students learn from
each other and the generalization error is improved even if the teacher has not
taken part in the mutual learning. However, in the case of different initial
overlaps(direction cosine) between teacher and students, a student with a
larger initial overlap tends to have a larger generalization error than that of
before the mutual learning. To overcome this problem, our proposed optimization
method of mutual learning optimizes the step sizes of two students to minimize
the asymptotic property of the generalization error. Consequently, the
optimized mutual learning converges to a generalization error identical to that
of the optimal ensemble learning. In addition, we show the relationship between
the optimum step size of the mutual learning and the integration mechanism of
the ensemble learning.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Journal of Physical Society of
Japa
Micorrización de plantulas en contendor de Pinus nigra con Suillus granulates bajo condiciones de campo
Seedling mycorrhization acts as an efficient tool for improving the quality of seedlings. In this study, the effectiveness of Suillus granulatus, originating from Pinus heldreichii forests (Montenegro), to produce containerized ectomycorrhizal seedlings of autochthonous Pinus nigra in open field conditions was investigated. Spore (106, 107, 108) and vegetative (1:16, 1:8, 1:4) inoculation on ectomycorrhizal formation and seedling growth were tested. Spore and vegetative inoculums of autochthonous Pisolithus arhizus were used in the same trial as additional control treatments. The utilization of vegetative and spore inoculums of autochthonous S. granulatus has proven to be an effective method of obtaining containerized ectomycorrhizal P. nigra seedlings under open field conditions after 11 months. S. granulatus spore inoculations resulted in well developed ectomycorrhiza, decreasing the growth of the P. nigra seedlings in the first growing season. Mycelial inoculations resulted in slightly developed S. granulatus ectomycorrhiza, which increased the growth of the seedlings. Therefore, it would be feasible to use spore inocula of S. granulatus, with 106 spores per plant, to produce ectomycorrhizal P. nigra plants on a large scale. Controlled mycorrhizal inoculation of seedlings is not a common practice in Montenegrin and Serbian nurseries; as such, the obtained results will contribute to the enhancement of nursery production of Pinus nigra and other conifers. This also could be assumed as a starting point for many further efforts and investigations with autochthonous fungal and plant material in this region.La micorrización de plántulas actúa como una herramienta eficaz para la mejora de la calidad de los brinzales. En este estudio se investiga la eficacia de Suillus granulatus, procedentes de bosques de Pinus heldreichii (Montenegro), para producir plántulas ectomicorrÃcicas en contenedores de Pinus nigra autóctonos en condiciones de campo. Se ensayaron inoculacion por esporas (106, 107, 108) y vegetativa (1:16, 1:8, 1:4) para la formación ectomicorrÃzica y el crecimiento de las plántulas. Se utilizó inóculo de esporas y vegetativo de Pisolithus arhizus autóctonos en el mismo ensayo como tratamiento control. La utilización de inóculos vegetativos y esporas de S. granulatus autóctonos ha demostrado ser un método eficaz para la obtención de plantas en contenedor ectomicorrÃcicas de P. nigra bajo condiciones de campo después de 11 meses. La inoculación de esporas de S. granulatus produjeron un buen desarrollo ectomicorrizas, disminuyendo el crecimiento de las plántulas de P. nigra en la primera estación de crecimiento. Las inoculaciones miceliales produjeron un escaso desarrollo ectomicorrizico de S. granulatus, con aumento en el crecimiento de las plántulas. Por lo tanto, serÃa factible el uso de inóculos de esporas de S. granulatus, con 106 esporas por planta, para producir plantas ectomicorrÃcicas de P. nigra a gran escala. La inoculación micorrÃzica controlada de plántulas no es una práctica común en los viveros de Serbia y Montenegro y, como tal, los resultados obtenidos contribuirán a la mejora de la producción en viveros de Pinus nigra y otras conÃferas. Esto también podrÃa ser asumido como un punto de partida para futuras investigaciones con material autóctono de hongos y plantas en esta región
Statistical Analysis for Automatic Identification of Ovarian Cancer Protein-Biomarkers Based on Fast Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Improving the efficiency and accuracy of nocturnal bird Surveys through equipment selection and partial automation
Birds are a key environmental asset and this is recognised through comprehensive legislation and policy ensuring their protection and conservation. Many species are active at night and surveys are required to understand the implications of proposed developments such as towers and reduce possible conflicts with these structures. Night vision devices are commonly used in nocturnal surveys, either to scope an area for bird numbers and activity, or in remotely sensing an area to determine potential risk. This thesis explores some practical and theoretical approaches that can improve the accuracy, confidence and efficiency of nocturnal bird surveillance. As image intensifiers and thermal imagers have operational differences, each device has associated strengths and limitations. Empirical work established that image intensifiers are best used for species identification of birds against the ground or vegetation. Thermal imagers perform best in detection tasks and monitoring bird airspace usage. The typically used approach of viewing bird survey video from remote sensing in its entirety is a slow, inaccurate and inefficient approach. Accuracy can be significantly improved by viewing the survey video at half the playback speed. Motion detection efficiency and accuracy can be greatly improved through the use of adaptive background subtraction and cumulative image differencing. An experienced ornithologist uses bird flight style and wing oscillations to identify bird species. Changes in wing oscillations can be represented in a single inter-frame similarity matrix through area-based differencing. Bird species classification can then be automated using singular value decomposition to reduce the matrices to one-dimensional vectors for training a feed-forward neural network.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Lattice dynamics of FeSb2
The lattice dynamics of FeSb2 is investigated by the first-principles DFT
calculations and Raman spectroscopy. All Raman and infra-red active phonon
modes are properly assigned. The calculated and measured phonon energies are in
good agreement except for the B3g symmetry mode. We have observed strong mixing
of the Ag symmetry modes, with the intensity exchange in the temperature range
between 210 K and 260 K. The Ag modes repulsion increases by doping FeSb2 with
Co. There are no signatures of the electron-phonon interaction for these modes
Decontamination of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence datasets based on bacterial load assessment by qPCR
Identification of unexpected taxa in 16S rRNA surveys of low-density microbiota, diluted mock communities and cultures demonstrated that a variable fraction of sequence reads originated from exogenous DNA. The sources of these contaminants are reagents used in DNA extraction, PCR, and next-generation sequencing library preparation, and human (skin, oral and respiratory) microbiota from the investigators
Development and initial validation of a new functional ability tool for juvenile dermatomyositis
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