105 research outputs found
Self-Consistent Screening Approximation for Flexible Membranes: Application to Graphene
Crystalline membranes at finite temperatures have an anomalous behavior of
the bending rigidity that makes them more rigid in the long wavelength limit.
This issue is particularly relevant for applications of graphene in nano- and
micro-electromechanical systems. We calculate numerically the height-height
correlation function of crystalline two-dimensional membranes,
determining the renormalized bending rigidity, in the range of wavevectors
from \AA till 10 \AA in the self-consistent screening
approximation (SCSA). For parameters appropriate to graphene, the calculated
correlation function agrees reasonably with the results of atomistic Monte
Carlo simulations for this material within the range of from
\AA till 1 \AA. In the limit our data for the
exponent of the renormalized bending rigidity is compatible with the previously known analytical results for the
SCSA . However, this limit appears to be reached only for
\AA whereas at intermediate the behavior of
cannot be described by a single exponent.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Atomistic simulations of structural and thermodynamic properties of bilayer graphene
We study the structural and thermodynamic properties of bilayer graphene, a
prototype two-layer membrane, by means of Monte Carlo simulations based on the
empirical bond order potential LCBOPII. We present the temperature dependence
of lattice parameter, bending rigidity and high temperature heat capacity as
well as the correlation function of out-of-plane atomic displacements. The
thermal expansion coefficient changes sign from negative to positive above
K, which is lower than previously found for single layer graphene
and close to the experimental value of bulk graphite. The bending rigidity is
twice as large than for single layer graphene, making the out-of-plane
fluctuations smaller. The crossover from correlated to uncorrelated
out-of-plane fluctuations of the two carbon planes occurs for wavevectors
shorter than nmComment: 6 pages, 7 figures
Finite temperature lattice properties of graphene beyond the quasiharmonic approximation
The thermal and mechanical stability of graphene is important for many
potential applications in nanotechnology. We calculate the temperature
dependence of lattice parameter, elastic properties and heat capacity by means
of atomistic Monte Carlo simulations that allow to go beyond the quasiharmonic
approximation. We predict an unusual, non-monotonic, behavior of the lattice
parameter with minimum at temperature about 900 K and of the shear modulus with
maximum at the same temperature. The Poisson ratio in graphene is found to be
small ~0.1 in a broad temperature interval.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Scaling Properties of Flexible Membranes from Atomistic Simulations: Application to Graphene
Structure and thermodynamics of crystalline membranes are characterized by
the long wavelength behavior of the normal-normal correlation function G(q). We
calculate G(q) by Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations for a
quasi-harmonic model potential and for a realistic potential for graphene. To
access the long wavelength limit for finite-size systems (up to 40000 atoms) we
introduce a Monte Carlo sampling based on collective atomic moves (wave moves).
We find a power-law behaviour with the same exponent
for both potentials. This finding supports, from the
microscopic side, the adequacy of the scaling theory of membranes in the
continuum medium approach, even for an extremely rigid material like graphene
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ° Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΌΠΈ
ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π΄ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²βΡΠ·ΠΊΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ² ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ° Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. Π£ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ², ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ Π· ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. Π ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
(ΠΠΠ) Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ, Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡΡΡ Π±ΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Ρ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΡ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΡΡΠΏΠ½Ρ ΠΊΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²βΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Π· Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²βΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ· Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ ΡΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ.Background. The research is conducted in the context of compositional approach to programming. Problematic of the research is development of scientific foundations of programmerβs problems solution genesis. Its basis is concept of composition. Objective. The objective of the research is general method development for function classesβ algebraic characteristics obtaining and application of the method for description of pragmatically important class of partially recursive functions on records. Methods. Creations made in the paper are based on software analysis algebraic methods and compositional programming methodic. Problems of computable functionsβ characteristics obtaining, problems of generative sets and bases finding, which are one of the most important questions in programmerβs problematic, are strictly stated and solved in the context of so called βprogram algebrasβ. Results. In the paper method of mentioned problems solution was proposed in context of primitive program algebras (PPA) on different classes of computable functions. Received results are stated as sequence of original statements, lemmas, and theorems. They can be used for different classes of computable functions algebraic characteristics exploration in problems of programming languages semantics formalization. Conclusions. Received results are foundations of adaptive programming environments development. Next steps in this direction will be connected with exploration of general concept of composition and development of related reduction methods of function exploration as environments of pragmatic depended programmerβs problems decomposition.ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π΄ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ. ΠΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ. Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°Π΄ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
(ΠΠΠ) Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π‘Π»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π³ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ ΠΏΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½Π°Ρ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°: ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π΄ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, ΡΠΎ Π±Π°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ. Π ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½Ρ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠΈ Π· ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΡ Π°Π±ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡΡ ΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Ρ, Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉ. Π£ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π·Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ° Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ², ΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ Π· ΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π³Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
(ΠΠΠ) Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ, Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡΡΡ Π±ΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Ρ Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Π² Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ·Π°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ.The goal of the research is development of scientific foundations of programming problems solutions genesis. Investigations carried out are based on algebraic research methods of programs and compositional programming methods. Basis of the last ones consists of program algebras with special classes of functions as carriers, and compositions that represent abstractions from program synthesis tools as operations. Problems of completeness in classes of computable functions that took one of the most important places in programming problems are well defined and solved in the context of program algebras. Universal method for the problem of completeness solution in primitive program algebras (PPA) on different classes of computable functions proposed in the article. Results achieved are presented as series of original statements, lemmas and theorems. The results can be applied in algebraic characteristics research of different computable functions classes in problems of programming language semantics formalization.ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. Π ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ, ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ Π°Π±ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·Π°, Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ. Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±Ρ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ΅Π·Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°Ρ
(ΠΠΠ) Π½Π°Π΄ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π°Π»Π³Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π² Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Negative Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Graphene Measured by Raman Spectroscopy
The thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of single-layer graphene is estimated
with temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy in the temperature range between
200 and 400 K. It is found to be strongly dependent on temperature but remains
negative in the whole temperature range, with a room temperature value of
-8.0x10^{-6} K^{-1}. The strain caused by the TEC mismatch between graphene and
the substrate plays a crucial role in determining the physical properties of
graphene, and hence its effect must be accounted for in the interpretation of
experimental data taken at cryogenic or elevated temperatures.Comment: 17 pagese, 3 figures, and supporting information (4 pages, 3
figures); Nano Letters, 201
Process parameters, orientation, and functional properties of melt-processed bulk Y-Ba-Cu-O superconductors
- β¦