Researching of the problem of solution automation of software systems compatibility

© Springer International Publishing AG 2017.During software development is often a lack of backward compatibility between different versions of software components. It will lead to: violation of the ecosystem that is built around this software component, uncoupling community of programmers who use this software in their projects, which entails the general slowdown in the implementation of projects related to this ecosystem and the development of the ecosystem itself; the use in the development of software components that are absolute, which in turn entails problems with safety; the economic costs, during the implementation of a software system migration to a new version of the software component

To the memory of Rustem Makhmutovich Nureev: review of works on economic theory, sectoral economy management and other directions

Objective: to review the scientific contribution of Rustem Makhmutovich Nureyev to the Russian economics; to determine the best practices and life position of R. M. Nureyev which enabled him to leave a deep mark in economics.Methods: retrospective scientific-bibliographic analysis, abstract-logical, monographic methods.Results: the main results of Rustem Makhmutovich Nureyev’s scientific activity were listed; the most significant works were described that allowed him, in the authors’ opinion, to receive all-Russian and world recognition. The works are conditionally divided into two groups: popular works in the field of economic theory and modern significant works.Scientific novelty: the main stages and achievements of Rustem Makhmutovich Nureyev’s scientific activity are noted, as well as the impressions of the authors formed in the process of working with him.Practical significance: the review will help to get acquainted with the scientific contribution of R. M. Nureyev to the Russian science

Verbalization of Patient-Centered Approach (Based on Medical Consultations with Cancer Patients)

The article is devoted to the study of doctor-patient verbal interaction, carried out in line with the patient-centered approach. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to identify the linguistic means used to organize the doctor-patient verbal interaction and to develop in the patient conscious desire to be involved in the treatment process. It is noted that giving the patient greater autonomy in the decision-making process regarding medical treatment methods, the doctor is expected to have the communication skills to structure the text of the conversation and to provide the information in a perception-friendly sequence. The object of the study is medical consultations with cancer patients. The purpose of the study is to identify structural components of the dialogues that include linguistic means aimed to verbalize the patient-centered approach. Authentic Russian-language medical consultations with low-risk prostate cancer patients served as the empirical material. The article presents a comparative analysis of approaches to structuring medical consultations based on Russian, English and German languages; identified structural components aimed to inform the patient in accordance with the patient-centered approach, and the examples of their verbal design. The paper draws conclusions about the semantic and linguistic content of the structural components that help to attract the patient to conscious participation in communication and treatment

Recent advances in transurethral resection of bladder tumors

Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) is a standard procedure in bladder cancer management. TURBT has two main goals: to resect completely all the tumor lesions in healthy tissues and to provide high-quality specimen to facilitate accurate diagnosis. To achieve these goals, urologists make use of several options to maximize the efficiency of the procedure. To make tumor detection as effective as possible, the European Association of Urology guidelines recommend using enhanced visualization methods such as photodynamic diagnostics (PDD) and narrow-band imaging (NBI). Novel en bloc technique enables one to provide specimens of a higher quality and to increase recurrence-free survival. Also, the use of new energy sources such as lasers helps to decrease bleeding and prevent several complications after TURBT, e.g., obturator nerve reflex and bladder perforation. This article summarizes the options available to enhance the TURBT procedure and reports on the latest data on their feasibility for clinical practice

Influence of hadronic interaction models and the cosmic ray spectrum on the high energy atmospheric muon and neutrino flux

The recent observations of muon charge ratio up to about 10 TeV and of atmospheric neutrinos up to energies of about 400 TeV has triggered a renewed interest into the high-energy interaction models and cosmic ray primary composition. A reviewed calculation of lepton spectra produced in cosmic-ray induced extensive air showers is carried out with a primary cosmic-ray spectrum that fits the latest direct measurements below the knee. In order to achieve this, we used a full Monte Carlo method to derive the inclusive differential spectra (yields) of muons, muon neutrinos and electron neutrinos at the surface for energies between 80 GeV and hundreds of PeV. The air shower simulator {\sc corsika} 6.990 was used for showering and propagation of the secondary particles through the atmosphere, employing the established high-energy hadronic interaction models {\sc sibyll} 2.1, {\sc qgsjet-01} and {\sc qgsjet-ii 03}. We show that the performance of the interaction models allows makes it possible to predict the spectra within experimental uncertainties, while {\sc sibyll} generally yields a higher flux at the surface than the qgsjet models. The calculation of the flavor and charge ratios has lead to inconsistent results, mainly influenced by the different representations of the K/$\pi$ ratio within the models. Furthermore, we could quantify systematic uncertainties of atmospheric muon- and neutrino fluxes, associated to the models of the primary cosmic-ray spectrum and the interaction models. For most recent parametrizations of the cosmic-ray primary spectrum, atmospheric muons can be determined with an uncertainty smaller than $^{+15}_{-13}$% of the average flux. Uncertainties of the muon- and electron neutrino fluxes can be calculated within an average error of $^{+32}_{-22}$% and $^{+25}_{-19}$%, respectively.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, version 2 includes analytic approximatio

Muon-Induced Background Study for Underground Laboratories

We provide a comprehensive study of the cosmic-ray muon flux and induced activity as a function of overburden along with a convenient parameterization of the salient fluxes and differential distributions for a suite of underground laboratories ranging in depth from $\sim$1 to 8 km.w.e.. Particular attention is given to the muon-induced fast neutron activity for the underground sites and we develop a Depth-Sensitivity-Relation to characterize the effect of such background in experiments searching for WIMP dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay.Comment: 18 pages, 28 figure

Stereochemistry of seven-membered heterocycles. Communication 17. PMR spectra and conformation of 2-methyl-2-phenyl-1, 3-dioxa-5,6-benzocycloheptene and its isomeric 4-methyl derivatives

1. 2-Methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxa-5,6-benzocycloheptene and its isomeric 4-methyl-substituted derivatives exist in the twist conformation. 2. In the PMR of these compounds the benzyl protons and 4-methyl groups are coupled and the screening influence of the 2-phenyl substituent on the gauche-oriented methylene protons was revealed. © 1986 Plenum Publishing Corporation

A New Approach for Split Renal Function Assessment Based on 3D-Models Generated from Contrast-enhanced Multi-slice Computed Tomography (Msct) Scans and Mathematical Analysis: A Pilot Study

Introduction: Instrumental methods of examination may alter the course of treatment and patients’ management: from minimally invasive nephron-sparing procedures to radical operations. Objective:to present preliminary data on split kidney function assessment (in a kidney volume, e.g. segment) in patients with urological diseases.Materials and methods: A prospective study was launched in aResearch Institute for Uronephrology and Reproductive Health from November, 2015 to February, 2017. 31 patients were enrolled into the study: 15 with stone kidney disease, 2 with kidney anomalies, 14 with renal tumors. Contrast-enhanced CT with 3D-models andmathematical analysis were performed in all patients. Correlation between CT-based and renal scintigraphy-based measures of split renal function was estimated. Results: CT-based methods for the calculation of split renal function with 3D-models showed correlation with renal scintigraphy (p<0.004, ttest). Conclusion: A new approach for split kidney function assessment based on contrast-enhanced CT with 3D-models and mathematical analysis allows for both acquiring detailed data on clinical anatomy and evaluation of renal function to promote preoperative decision-making

Neutron production by cosmic-ray muons at shallow depth

The yield of neutrons produced by cosmic ray muons at a shallow depth of 32 meters of water equivalent has been measured. The Palo Verde neutrino detector, containing 11.3 tons of Gd loaded liquid scintillator and 3.5 tons of acrylic served as a target. The rate of one and two neutron captures was determined. Modeling the neutron capture efficiency allowed us to deduce the total yield of neutrons $Y_{tot} = (3.60 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.31) \times 10^{-5}$ neutrons per muon and g/cm$^2$. This yield is consistent with previous measurements at similar depths.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Determination of EGFR gene somatic mutations in tissues and plasma of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

The presence of activating mutations in the EGFR gene influences cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and increases metastatic ability; it has a significant impact on the choice of medical therapy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The use of targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors requires performance of appropriate genetic tests. The aim of this study was to design a real-time PCR-based diagnostic kit for fast and cheap of EGFR mutations testing in paraffin blocks and plasma, and kit validation using samples from patients with NSCLC, and also comparative estimation of diagnostic features of real-time PCR with wild type blocking and digital PCR for mutation testing in blood plasma. The study included 156 patients with various types of adenocarcinoma differentiation. It was designed a simple and efficient real-time PCR-based method of detecting L858R activating mutation and del19 deletion in the EGFR gene for DNA isolated from paraffin blocks. Kit for EGFR mutations was validated using 411 samples of paraffin blocks. The proposed system showed high efficiency for DNA testing from paraffin blocks: a concordance with results of testing with therascreen® EGFR RGQ PCR Kit ("Qiagen", Germany) was 100%. It has been shown the possibility of using this test system for the detection of mutations in plasma