Topological Speedups

Given a dynamical system $(X,T)$ one can define a speedup of $(X,T)$ as another dynamical system conjugate to $S:X\rightarrow X$ where $S(x)=T^{p(x)}(x)$ for some function $p:X\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}^{+}$. In $1985$ Arnoux, Ornstein, and Weiss showed that any aperiodic, not necessarily ergodic, measure preserving system is isomorphic to a speedup of any ergodic measure preserving system. In this paper we study speedups in the topological category. Specifically, we consider minimal homeomorphisms on Cantor spaces. Our main theorem gives conditions on when one such system is a speedup of another. Furthermore, the main theorem serves as a topological analogue of the Arnoux, Ornstein, and Weiss speedup theorem, as well as a 'one-sided" orbit equivalence theorem

Response time correlations for platinum resistance thermometers in flowing fluids

The thermal response of two types of Platinum Resistance Thermometers (PRT's), which are being considered for use in the National Transonic Wind Tunnel Facility, were studied. Response time correlations for each PRT, in flowing water, oil and air, were established separately. A universal correlation, tau WOA = 2.0 + 1264, 9/h, for a Hy-Cal Sensor (with a reference resistance of 100 ohm) within an error of 20% was established while the universal correlation for the Rosemount Sensor (with a reference resistance of 1000 ohm), tau OA = 0.122 + 1105.6/h, was found with a maximum percentage error of 30%. The correlation for the Rosemount Sensor was based on air and oil data only which is certainly not sufficient to make a correlation applicable to every condition. Therefore, the correlation needs more data to be gathered in different fluids. Also, it is necessary to state that the calculation of the parameter, h, was based on the available heat transfer correlations, whose accuracies are already reported in literature uncertain within 20-30%. Therefore, the universal response constant correlations established here for the Hy-Cal and Rosemount sensors are consistent with the uncertainty in the input data and are recommended for future use in flowing liquids and gases

Do People Make the Place?: An Examination of the Attraction-Selection-Attrition Hypothesis

This study tests the hypotheses that (1) congruence between internal need states and external environments drives the organizational-choice process, and (2) those attracted to particular organizations are more homogeneous than the applicant pool in general. Subjects were evaluated on fourteen needs using the Jackson Personality Research Form. They then viewed two video-taped segments of simulated campus interviews to gain information about two distinct organizational types. The interview segments entered the discussion in-progress to avoid any reference to a particular job which might introduce an occupational confound. Subjects received job offers from both organizations and were asked to indicate which of the two organizations they found more attractive by accepting one of the offers. Analysis of variance results indicated only weak support for the congruency hypothesis. Differences were observed in n Ach between the groups of subjects attracted to each organization. No differences were found for any of the other need strength measures. This suggests that the subjects attracted to the ifferent organizations are substantially similar. Implications for the homogeneity hypothesis are discussed and suggestions for further study of this concept are offered

Measurement and Dimensionality of Compensation Satisfaction in Law Enforcement

This research examined the dimensionality of carpensation satisfaction for the occupational area of law enforcanent by analyzing the factor structure of Henanan and SChwab\u27s (1985) Pay Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ) . The PSQ is intended to measure four facets of compensation satisfaction: 1) pay level, 2) benefits, 3) pay raises, and 4) pay structure-administration. Previous research showed support for the PSQ level and benefits scales, but yielded equivocal results for the raises and structure-administration scales. Previous research also showed that the factor structure of the PSQ varied by job classification group. The present study, using data fran 1189 unifomed law enforcanent officers anployed by eight different state police or highway patrol organizations, found that a three-factor solution (level, benefits, and structure-administration) represents the appropriate dimensional structure for compensation satisfaction in the occupational area of law enforcanent, at least within the danain of the 18 itans of the PSQ. These findings are integrated with those of previous research, and implications for research and practice are discussed

Problem-solving activities in Biology for Open University students [poster session]

Problem-based learning is a valuable tool for enhancing student learning and for providing remedial help in grasping difficult concepts in Biology. Most teaching at the Open University is by course texts, DVDs and television. Teaching material is written by academics and expert consultants. An important feature of the material is that it includes interactive in-text and self-assessed questions, and also activities which may be home experiments or computer-based. Students are provided with a study calendar that outlines reading and other learning activities for each week of a course. There is provision for face-to-face learning at regional tutorials delivered by associate lecturers. For Biology, Associate lecturers may give a short lecture prior to the problem-based learning exercise, to help students to focus on the relevant concepts. Problem-based learning at tutorials provides opportunities for students to engage with teaching materials and to apply principles to new scenarios not mentioned in course materials e.g. species enzymes, signalling pathways. Problem-based learning also forms part of activities at Residential Schools. Examples of problem based learning activities that have been used successfully in tutorials for Biology at Levels 1–3 are presented. We demonstrate how the activities meet learning outcomes for courses and link to level indicators within programmes of study. Some feedback from students is included

EXPERIMENTATION SCIENCE: A PROCESS APPROACH FOR THE COMPLETE DESIGN OF AN EXPERIMENT

Experimentation Science is introduced as a process through which the necessary steps of experimental design are all sufficiently addressed. Experimentation Science is defined as a nearly linear process of objective formulation, selection of experimentation unit and decision variable(s), deciding treatment, design and error structure, defining the randomization, statistical analyses and decision procedures, outlining quality control procedures for data collection, and finally analysis, presentation and interpretation of results. The protocol description form (PDF) is introduced as an instrument to guide the implementation and documentation of the Experimentation Science process

Issues and challenges facing school libraries in selected primary schools in Gauteng Province, South Africa

There is no national policy for school libraries which compels school governing bodies and principals to have a library in their schools. It is thus not surprising that in 2011, only 21% of state schools had libraries, only 7% had stocked libraries and 79% of schools had no library at all (Department of Basic Education (DBE) Republic of South Africa, 2011a:23). This article forms part of a broader qualitative study which investigated 10 primary schools in Gauteng Province, South Africa that had libraries, or were in the process of setting up a library, with the intention of providing a rich description of the issues and challenges facing these schools. The 10 schools used in this study were chosen on the basis of their location and fee structures. They represented the full continuum of fees within the state structure. In this article, we discuss three core categories of predicaments faced by primary school libraries. These were resourcing the library, operating the library and the role of the library. Our main contention is that school libraries are not playing an effective role in supporting and enabling quality education for all South African children. This needs to be addressed by government as a matter of urgency.Keywords: academic achievement; books; information and communication technologies; information literacy; literacy; national school library policy; quality education; reading; school librarians; school librarie

Abrasion Caused by Three Methods of Toothbrushing

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141730/1/jper0434.pd

Fitting Voronoi Diagrams to Planar Tesselations

Given a tesselation of the plane, defined by a planar straight-line graph $G$, we want to find a minimal set $S$ of points in the plane, such that the Voronoi diagram associated with $S$ "fits" \ $G$. This is the Generalized Inverse Voronoi Problem (GIVP), defined in \cite{Trin07} and rediscovered recently in \cite{Baner12}. Here we give an algorithm that solves this problem with a number of points that is linear in the size of $G$, assuming that the smallest angle in $G$ is constant.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Presented at IWOCA 2013 (Int. Workshop on Combinatorial Algorithms), Rouen, France, July 201