543 research outputs found
Time-domain analysis of a dynamically tuned signal recycled interferometer for the detection of chirp gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries
In this article we study a particular method of detection of chirp signals from coalescing compact binary stars -- the so-called dynamical tuning, i.e. amplification of the signal via tracking of its instantaneous frequency by the tuning of the signal-recycled detector. A time-domain consideration developed for signal-recycled interferometers, in particular GEO 600, describes the signal and noise evolution in the non-stationary detector. Its non-stationarity is caused by motion of the signal recycling mirror, whose position defines the tuning of the detector. We prove that the shot noise from the dark port and optical losses remains white. The analysis of the transient effects shows that during the perfect tracking of the chirp frequency only transients from amplitude changes arise. The signal-to-noise-ratio gain, calculated in this paper, is ~ 16 for a shot-noise limited detector and ~ 4 for a detector with thermal noise
Effects of low seawater pH on the marine polychaete Platynereis dumerilii
An important priority for any organism is to maintain internal cellular homeostasis including acidbase balance. Yet, the molecular level impacts of changing environmental conditions, such as low pH, remain uncharacterised. Herein, we isolate partial Na+/H+ exchangers (NHE), carbonic anhydrase (CA), and calmodulin (CaM) genes from a polychaete, Platynereis dumerilii and investigate their relative expression in acidified seawater conditions. mRNA expression of NHE was significantly down-regulated after 1 h and up-regulated after 7 days under low pH treatment (pH 7.8), indicating changes in acid-base transport. Furthermore, the localisation of NHE expression was also altered. A trend of down regulation in CA after 1 h was also observed, suggesting a shift in the CO2 and HCO3- balance. No change in CaM expression was detected after 7 days exposure to acidified seawater. This study provides insight into the molecular level changes taking place following exposure to acidified seawater in a non-calcifying, ubiquitous, organism
IFMIF suitability for evaluation of fusion functional materials
The International FusionMaterials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) is a future neutron source based on the D-Li stripping reaction, planned to test candidate fusionmaterials at relevant fusion irradiation conditions. During the design of IFMIF special attention was paid to the structural materials for the blanket and first wall, because they will be exposed to the most severe irradiation conditions in a fusion reactor. Also the irradiation of candidate materials for solid breeder blankets is planned in the IFMIF reference design.
This paper focuses on the assessment of the suitability of IFMIF irradiation conditions for testing functionalmaterials to be used in liquid blankets and diagnostics systems, since they are been also considered within IFMIF objectives. The study has been based on the analysis and comparison of the main expected irradiation parameters in IFMIF and DEMO reactor
Thermal noise of folding mirrors
Current gravitational wave detectors rely on the use of Michelson interferometers. One crucial limitation of their sensitivity is the thermal noise of their optical components. Thus, for example fluctuational deformations of the mirror surface are probed by a laser beam being reflected from the mirrors at normal incidence. Thermal noise models are well evolved for that case but mainly restricted to single reflections. In this work we present the effect of two consecutive reflections under a non-normal incidence onto mirror thermal noise. This situation is inherent to detectors using a geometrical folding scheme such as GEO\,600. We revise in detail the conventional direct noise analysis scheme to the situation of non-normal incidence allowing for a modified weighting funtion of mirror fluctuations. An application of these results to the GEO\,600 folding mirror for Brownian, thermoelastic and thermorefractive noise yields an increase of displacement noise amplitude by 20\% for most noise processes. The amplitude of thermoelastic substrate noise is increased by a factor 4 due to the modified weighting function. Thus the consideration of the correct weighting scheme can drastically alter the noise predictions and demands special care in any thermal noise design process
Morphology of Camellia Sinensis L. leaves as marker of white tea authenticity
Received: February 1st, 2021 ; Accepted: April 24th, 2021 ; Published: August 18th, 2021 ; Correspondence: [email protected] is one of the most common drinks in the world. Classic tea is obtained by brewing
the leaves of the Camellia sinensis L plant in hot water. However, even the leaves collected from
the same branch of the same tea bush can have completely different anatomical, biochemical and
taste characteristics. White tea is the youngest, immature apical leaves of the tea bush (fleshes)
together with leaf buds (tips) which are is considered the most valuable parts of teaplant.
The chemical composition of tea is studied in sufficient detail, however, there are still no uniform
criteria for determining the authenticity of white tea leaves, which creates great preconditions for
falsifying this most valuable type of raw material. The aim of this study was to study the macroand microstructure of white tea leaves from different manufacturers and to determine the
morphological markers of the authenticity of white tea leaves.
The objects of research were white tea from the Nandana Tea Factory (Sri Lanka) and white tea
from an unknown manufacturer, purchased from a local tea shop.
The study of raw materials was carried out in accordance with the requirements of GF XIV OFS
1.5.1.0003.15 βLeavesβ and OFS 1.5.3.0003.15 βTechnique of microscopic and microchemical
examination of medicinal plants and herbal medicinal products.β
The work was carried out on the basis of the laboratories of the Department of Food Technologies
of FGBOU VO Saratov GAU named after N.I. Vavilov, and the Department of General Biology,
Pharmacognosy and Botany, Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky
Ministry of Health of Russia.
Studies of the structure of white tea leaves from various manufacturers have shown that the
structure and presence of morphological elements of leaves, such as hairs, stomata, leaf edge,
druses, sclereids, differ markedly and can serve as reliable markers for identifying the variety of tea
ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°
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