201,711 research outputs found
Criticality and Continuity of Explosive Site Percolation in Random Networks
This Letter studies the critical point as well as the discontinuity of a
class of explosive site percolation in Erd\"{o}s and R\'{e}nyi (ER) random
network. The class of the percolation is implemented by introducing a best-of-m
rule. Two major results are found: i). For any specific , the critical
percolation point scales with the average degree of the network while its
exponent associated with is bounded by -1 and . ii).
Discontinuous percolation could occur on sparse networks if and only if
approaches infinite. These results not only generalize some conclusions of
ordinary percolation but also provide new insights to the network robustness.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Teamwork and organizational innovation: the moderating role of the HRM context
Evidence is accumulating on the role of teams in shaping a variety of business outcomes, but our knowledge on the effect of teamwork on organizational innovation is still evolving. This study examines whether the extent to which two staff groups are organized in teams (production staff and management/administrative staff) affects organizational innovation and whether human resource management (HRM) systems, which can be of facilitating or con- straining nature, enhance the teamwork/innovation relationships. Hypotheses were tested with lagged and longitudinal data derived from 18 to 45 organizations from the UK manufacturing sector. Results suggest that the more widespread the use of teamwork in organizations, the higher the level of organizational innovation. Furthermore, this effect depends, particularly for production teams, on the overall quality of the HRM systems that exist in their organizations. Teamwork/innovation relationships are further moderated (for management and administrative teams) by an HRM practice that provides teams with time for thoughtful reflection. Thus, HRM systems can be of more or less facilitating or constraining nature for teams in organizations
Alternative schemes for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
Practical schemes for measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
using phase and path or time encoding are presented. In addition to immunity to
existing loopholes in detection systems, our setup employs simple encoding and
decoding modules without relying on polarization maintenance or optical
switches. Moreover, by employing a modified sifting technique to handle the
dead-time limitations in single-photon detectors, our scheme can be run with
only two single-photon detectors. With a phase-postselection technique, a
decoy-state variant of our scheme is also proposed, whose key generation rate
scales linearly with the channel transmittance.Comment: 30 pages, 5 figure
Estimating statistical distributions using an integral identity
We present an identity for an unbiased estimate of a general statistical
distribution. The identity computes the distribution density from dividing a
histogram sum over a local window by a correction factor from a mean-force
integral, and the mean force can be evaluated as a configuration average. We
show that the optimal window size is roughly the inverse of the local
mean-force fluctuation. The new identity offers a more robust and precise
estimate than a previous one by Adib and Jarzynski [J. Chem. Phys. 122, 014114,
(2005)]. It also allows a straightforward generalization to an arbitrary
ensemble and a joint distribution of multiple variables. Particularly we derive
a mean-force enhanced version of the weighted histogram analysis method (WHAM).
The method can be used to improve distributions computed from molecular
simulations. We illustrate the use in computing a potential energy
distribution, a volume distribution in a constant-pressure ensemble, a radial
distribution function and a joint distribution of amino acid backbone dihedral
angles.Comment: 45 pages, 7 figures, simplified derivation, a more general mean-force
formula, add discussions to the window size, add extensions to WHAM, and 2d
distribution
Fitting Precision Electroweak Data with Exotic Heavy Quarks
The 1999 precision electroweak data from LEP and SLC persist in showing some
slight discrepancies from the assumed standard model, mostly regarding and
quarks. We show how their mixing with exotic heavy quarks could result in a
more consistent fit of all the data, including two unconventional
interpretations of the top quark.Comment: 7 pages, no figure, 2 typos corrected, 1 reference update
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