Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of N-heterocycles for Activity on Monoamine Transporters and Exploration of Iridium Chemistry for Synthesis of Medicinally Important Molecules

The focus of these studies was directed towards the synthesis of novel N-heterocyclic compounds and pharmacological evaluation of these compounds for activity at monoamine transporters. A series of novel piperidine and pyrrolidine analogues were prepared from commercially available starting material with a three and four step synthetic method, respectively. A variety of substituents on the aromatic ring were incorporated to achieve a diverse library of compounds. The preliminary binding studies of piperidine molecules showed strong affinity towards serotonin transporters and moderate affinity towards dopamine transporters. The focus of further studies was directed towards utilization of iridium catalysis for the development of new synthetic methods for biologically important molecules. This research has led to the development of a new synthetic strategy for the construction of nicotine and its analogues. In addition, the iridium catalysis was also used for alkylation of amides with primary and secondary alcohols under microwave conditions

Analysis of Productivity of Co-operative Dairy and Milk Supply Units of Gujarat State

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Fea Based Study of Effect of Radial Variation of Outer Link in A Typical Roller Chain Link Assembly

Chain Link assembly is extensively used in the industry, the scope of this paper is to review the applications in the industry and explore the design considerations that go into the design of the assembly. The paper delves into various application aspects and manufacturing aspects to formulate an idea of the system. Finally Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been used to conduct shape optimization. Since lot of work has already been done in other components, in this paper the focus has been narrowed down to specific component of outer link. Within the outer link, most dimensions in the industry are parametrically defined, however one dimension, the radius that is in between the inter connecting holes is left to manufacturer convenience. In this paper we assess the impact of this radius on the stress in the system, and see if material saving and consequently efficiency increment is possible

SiGe HBT X-Band LNAs for Ultra-Low-Noise Cryogenic Receivers

We report results on the cryogenic operation of two different monolithic X-band silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistor low noise amplifiers (LNAs) implemented in a commercially-available 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS platform. These SiGe LNAs exhibit a dramatic reduction in noise temperature with cooling, yielding Teff of less than 21 K (0.3 dB noise figure) across X-band at a 15 K operating temperature. To the authors’ knowledge, these SiGe LNAs exhibit the lowest broadband noise of any Si-based LNA reported to date

Need of fostering academic research for bridging the gap of “science- commerce disconnect” in ‘non-profitable’ therapy areas

Pharmaceutical companies share the goal of patient benefit with healthcare professionals. However, they are commercial organizations and hence, sometimes, commercial interest may take over science, resulting in “science-commercial disconnect”. This can result in innovation-deficit and financial burden on the patients. Finding new indications for existing drugs and promoting academic research in ‘non-profitable areas’ are some measures to curtail pharmaceutical innovation-deficit. Greater involvement of academicians and non-government organizations in clinical research with government support/funding will help in providing best treatment options to the patients for better outcomes.

Agarose processing in protic and mixed protic–aprotic ionic liquids : dissolution, regeneration and high conductivity, high strength ionogels

We have shown that low viscosity alkyl or hydroxyalkyl ammonium formate (ILs) can dissolve agarose, and higher dissolution can be achieved in the mixed, alkyl or hydroxyalkyl ammonium + imidazolium or pyridinium ILs. The polarity parameters α, β, π*, ET(30) and ETN of these IL systems were measured to explain their dissolution ability for agarose. Dissolved agarose was either regenerated using methanol as a precipitating solvent or ionogels were formed by cooling the agarose–IL solutions to ambient temperature. Exceptionally high strength ionogels were obtained from the agarose solutions in N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ammonium formate or its mixture with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. Regenerated material and ionogels are characterized for their possible degradation/conformational changes and gel properties (thermal hysteresis, strength, viscoelasticity and conductivity) respectively. A high strength, high conducting ionogel was demonstrated to be able to build an electrochromic window. Such ionogels can also be utilized for other soft matter electronic devices and biomedical applications

INTEGRATING DROPLET MICROFLUIDICS AND CONFOCAL FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT BIOMOLECULAR ANALYSIS

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a branch of microfluidics with tremendous potential for high-sensitivity and high-throughput biomolecular analysis, leading to its adaptation for a variety of applications. However, commonly used biosample analysis schemes using droplet-based systems are limited, due to the need for multiple devices per analysis, integration with low-sensitivity detection techniques as well as the need of barcodes for droplet identification. This thesis will focus on sample-to-answer droplet microfluidic devices I have developed in collaboration with colleagues at the Johns Hopkins University to overcome these limitations. Integration of novel microfluidic design with highly sensitive confocal fluorescence spectroscopy technique has enabled these devices to achieve ultra-sensitive analysis of individual biosamples at single-molecule levels as well as high throughput multi-analyte analysis of biosamples