Growth Responses of Acacia Mangium and Paraserianthes Falcataria Seedlings on Different Soil Origin Under Nursery Condition

The objective of the present study was to examine the growth responses of Acacia mangium (mangium) and Paraserianthes falcataria (sengon) seedlings growing on different soil origin under nursery condition. This study was started in September 2012 and terminated in March 2013. The seedlings were grown from seeds sown in a plastic box filled with sterilized sands. One week after sowing, the seedlings were transplanted into polybags contained sterilized soils originated from secondary forest, Imperata cylindrica grassland and ex-coal mining. The number of all seedlings were 180 seedlings consisted of 3 different soils, 2 species of seedlings with 10 seedlings replicated 3 times. Assessment was conducted one week after transplanting, then subsequently monitored every 2 weeks, except dry weighing and counting nodules were performed at the end of the study. A completely randomized design was used in this study. The data was analyzed using Costat software. The study resulted that the different of soil origin influenced on all growth variables of mangium and sengon of 4.5 months old. The survival rate of seedlings, height and diameter increments, dry weight and root nodules were better in both species of seedlings growing on soil originated from secondary forest and Imperata grassland compared with the soil from ex-coal mining. But the survival rates of sengon seedlings were higher than that of mangium on these three soils. The highest dry weight of sengon seedlings was achieved on soil originated from secondary forest. In the present study, soil originated from secondary forest increased more in weight of shoot than root, so that the shoot-root ratio was unbalanced more than one. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that soil from secondary forest and Imperata grassland can be used as growing media for mangium and sengon seedlings in the nursery

Pemodelan Regresi 3-level Dengan Metode Iterative Generalized Least Square (Igls) (Studi Kasus: Lamanya Pendidikan Anak Di Kabupaten Semarang)

In a research, data was used often hierarchical structure. Hierarchical data is data obtained through multistage sampling from a population with independent variables can be defined within each level and dependent variable can be defined at the lowest level. One analysis that can be used for data with a hierarchical structure is a multilevel regression analysis. The purpose of this final three-level regression analyzes to establish regression models about the length of a child\u27s education in the District of Semarang where the individual level-1 with a factor of gender, lodged at the family level-2 by a factor of the length of father\u27s education and duration of maternal education and nesting on the environment level-3 with factor of residence, number of elementary school the large number of junior high school and the large number of high school. Parameter estimation in 3-level regression models can use several methods, one of which is a method of Iterative Generalized Least Square (IGLS). Of cases the length of education in the district of Semarang indicate that factors influencing factor is the length of father\u27s education and the duration of the mother\u27s education

The Analysis Of Students’ Error

Negative and interrogative forms are the important elements of Englishgrammars that have to be mastered by SMP students. The learners need to havesubtantial capability of English grammar in order that they are able to speak andwrite correctly.Therefore, the objectives of this research are (1) to identify the frequencies ofoccurance of the students’ grammatical errors based on surface strategy taxonomyfound in their sentences, (2) to identify the frequencies of occurance of students’grammatical errors based on developmental category that are found in theirsentences, and (3) to find out which types of errors were mostly made by thestudents. Descriptive method was used in this research, where the data were takenfrom the students to draw conclusions. This research was conducted at SMPNegeri 8 bandar Lampung. The subject of the research was class VIII.H consistingof 34 students. The data gained were further analyzed based on surface strategytaxonomy and developmental category.Having analyzed the data, it is found that the students commited four types oferrors based on surface strategy taxonomy and developmental category, thehighest frequency of error types based on surface strategy taxonomy ismisformation error (63,17%) followed by misordering errors (23,36%), additionerrors (11,34%) and misordering errors (2,27%). While based on thedevelopmental category, the errors are: pre-systematic stage (44,75%), systematicstage (33,14%) and post-systematic stage (22,09%).The result shows that the highest number of errors occured is misformation. ThisIndicates that students have more serious problems in using grammar especiallytenses in present tenses. They might also be influenced by Indonesian grammar.And based on developmental category the most frequent errorr occured is presystematicstage. This might be due to the students’ lack of knowledge aboutgrammar. The errors students produced were possibly caused by some factorssuch as insufficient grammar mastery, lack of knowledge of present tenses andlack of awareness. In line with the result, it is suggested that English teachersshould not ignore the errors made by them. The teachers can give remedialteaching for the students and provide some tasks or exercises which enable themto practice using tenses

Inventory Of Seagrass Types In Talise Waters, Best Likupang District, North Minahasa, North Sulawesi

Seagrasses are the only group of flowering plants (Angiosperms) that live permanently in shallow coastal waters and play a key ecological role. Seagrasses are widely distributed in coastal waters around the world where the substrate and depth are suitable for growth. This research was conducted in the waters of Talise Island, Tambun Village, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province. carried out using the cruising survey method. The data taken was carried out when the water conditions were in the dead moon phase, where the water experienced the lowest receding. Overall, 5 species of seagrass were found.Keywords: Seagrass; ecological role; Talise Island.AbstrakLamun (seagrass) adalah satu-satunya kelompok tumbuhan berbunga (Angiospermae) yang hidup secara tetap di lingkungan perairan pantai yang dangkal dan merupakan kunci dalam peranan ekologis. Lamun tersebar luas di perairan pantai di seluruh dunia yang substrat serta kedalaman cocok bagi pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Perairan Pulau Talise, Kampung Tambun, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei jelajah. Data yang diambil, dilakukan pada saat kondisi perairan pada fase bulan mati, dimana air mengalami surut terendah. secara keseluruhan ditemukan jenis-jenis lamun sebanyak 5 spesies.Kata kunci: Lamun; Peranan ekologis; Pulau Talise

Pengaruh Pelarut pada Rendemen Sintesis Senyawa Kompleks Bis-Asetilasetonatotembaga(II)

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh pelarut pada rendemen sintesis senyawa kompleks bis-asetilasetonatotembaga(II). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mensintesis senyawa kompleks bis-asetilasetonatotembaga(II) dengan pelarut metanol, aseton, dan kloroform, menentukan pelarut terbaik untuk sintesis dan membandingkan rendemen hasil sintesis pada pelarut yang berbeda. Senyawa kompleks bis-[Cu(acac)2] disintesis dengan mencampurkan CuSO4.5H2O dan ligan asetilaseton dalam pelarut metanol, aseton dan kloroform. Hasil yang diperoleh berupa endapan berwarna biru. Hasil analisis UV-Vis menunjukkan bahwa senyawa bis-[Cu(acac)2] dalam beberapa pelarut mempunyai panjang gelombang 654-657 nm. Hasil analisis FTIR menunjukkan adanya atom O dari ligan asetilaseton terkoordinasi dengan atom pusat Cu(II) pada bilangan gelombang 455,2 cm-1. Rendemen senyawa kompleks paling banyak diperoleh pada senyawa kompleks bis-[Cu(acac)2] dalam pelarut aseton yaitu sebesar 2,50 gram

Vor "Marignano"

Vegetable waste is produced in a huge volume everyday. The sources of this waste are traditional market, where the waste is usually unusefull or just taken by people for feeding cows. It is actually an organic waste that can be used to make biogas. The reactions of biogas reforming are included by three steps, hydrolysis reaction, acidic reaction and methanogenic reaction. At this research we use cow manure as a mixing and as starter for methanobacteria.The intention of this research are to make biogas using vegetable waste from traditional market in batch system, to know the concentration and composition of vegetable waste, water and cow manure in slurry, and also to know the heating value and volume of biogas. Tools that used are plastic tank and simple type of floating drum biodigester with manometer that is operated in room temperature, atmospheric pressure. The dependence variables are concentration of slurry within 6-10 % (dry basic weight per volume slurry) and composition 1 : 0, 1 : 0,5 and 1 : 1 weight comparison of vegetable waste with cow manure. The data of biogas volume and heating value will be observed everyday until the production of biogas stops.Biogas is produced since the first day of digestion until 35 days. The accumulation of biogas volume is reached the highest amount in 9 % of concentration and 1 : 0,5 of composition. The analysis of heating value is being measured based on the highest volume from the best consentration and composition. Biogas can be burned on the 7th day until 30th. The highest heating value of it is about 10081 Joule/day on the 18th day. This is happen during the periode of regeneration time of methanogenic bacteria which converts the acetic acid into methane

Perkembangan Kesenian Warak Dugder di Kota Semarang melalui Apropriasi Budaya

Penelitian ini mengkaji bentuk kesenian Warak Dugder yang bersumber dari tradisi Dugderan di Kota Semarang. Tujuan penelitian yakni untuk menunjukkan bentuk apropriasi budaya sebagai upaya perkembangan kesenian Warak Dugder. Kesenian Warak Dugder merupakan hasil apropriasi, meskipun secara teks Tari Warak Dugder merupakan hasil dari kreativitas maskot hewan rekaan Warak Ngendhog yang ada pada prosesi Dugderan. Adapun bentuk apropriasi yakni berupa pemunculan gerak-gerak Warak yang dibuat lebih variatif dan mementingkan unsur-unsur keindahan tari, properti yang digunakan dalam kesenian warak dugder juga bervariatif. Apropriasi yang dilakukan oleh pencipta maskot binatang rekaan Warak Ngendhog merupakan bentuk akulturasi dan kesetaraan budaya yang diadopsi dan diadaptasi secara kreatif, selektif, dan atraktif, tetapi masih bisa dikenali. Dengan demikian Tari Warak Dugder dapat dikatakan sebagai hasil dari proses apropriasi, berupa produk baru yang bersumber dari tradisi Dugderan di Kota Semarang