34 research outputs found
Generalization of Einstein-Lovelock theory to higher order dilaton gravity
A higher order theory of dilaton gravity is constructed as a generalization
of the Einstein-Lovelock theory of pure gravity. Its Lagrangian contains terms
with higher powers of the Riemann tensor and of the first two derivatives of
the dilaton. Nevertheless, the resulting equations of motion are quasi-linear
in the second derivatives of the metric and of the dilaton. This property is
crucial for the existence of brane solutions in the thin wall limit. At each
order in derivatives the contribution to the Lagrangian is unique up to an
overall normalization. Relations between symmetries of this theory and the
O(d,d) symmetry of the string-inspired models are discussed.Comment: 18 pages, references added, version to be publishe
Towards a Proof Theory of G\"odel Modal Logics
Analytic proof calculi are introduced for box and diamond fragments of basic
modal fuzzy logics that combine the Kripke semantics of modal logic K with the
many-valued semantics of G\"odel logic. The calculi are used to establish
completeness and complexity results for these fragments
Dark energy from modified F(R)-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
The modified F(R)-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is proposed as dark energy
model. The reconstruction program for such theory is developed. It is
explicitly demonstrated that the known classical universe expansion history
(deceleration epoch, transition to acceleration and effective quintessence,
phantom or cosmological constant era) may naturally occur in such unified
theory for some (reconstructed) classes of scalar potentials. Gauss-Bonnet
assisted dark energy is also proposed. The possibility of cosmic acceleration
is studied there.Comment: LaTeX, 8 pages, no figure, refs. added, version to appear in Physics
Letters
A map of dependencies among three-valued logics
International audienceThree-valued logics arise in several fields of computer science, both inspired by concrete problems (such as in the management of the null value in databases) and theoretical considerations. Several three-valued logics have been defined. They differ by their choice of basic connectives, hence also from a syntactic and proof-theoretic point of view. Different interpretations of the third truth value have also been suggested. They often carry an epistemic flavor. In this work, relationships between logical connectives on three-valued functions are explored. Existing theorems of functional completeness have laid bare some of these links, based on specific connectives. However we try to draw a map of such relationships between conjunctions, negations and implications that extend Boolean ones. It turns out that all reasonable connectives can be defined from a few of them and so all known three-valued logics appear as a fragment of only one logic. These results can be instrumental when choosing, for each application context, the appropriate fragment where the basic connectives make full sense, based on the appropriate meaning of the third truth-value
Casimir dark energy, stabilization of the extra dimensions and Gauss鈥揃onnet term
A Casimir dark energy model in a five-dimensional and a six-dimensional spacetime including non-relativistic matter and a Gauss鈥揃onnet term is investigated. The Casimir energy can play the role of dark energy to drive the late-time acceleration of the universe while the radius of the extra dimensions can be stabilized. The qualitative analysis in four-dimensional spacetime shows that the contribution from the Gauss鈥揃onnet term will effectively slow down the radion field at the matter-dominated or radiation-dominated epochs so that it does not pass the point at which the minimum of the potential will arise before the minimum has formed. The field then is trapped at the minimum of the potential after the formation leading to the stabilization of the extra dimensions
Wp艂yw sk艂adnik贸w diety na objawy ADHD u dzieci
U wi臋kszo艣ci dzieci przyczyna wyst臋powania ADHD nie jest do ko艅ca znana, a jego etiologia jest wieloaspektowa.
Konwencjonalne leczenie tego schorzenia oparte jest na po艂膮czeniu terapii behawioralnej, psychologicznej oraz farmakoterapii.
Farmakoterapia wykazuje wysok膮 skuteczno艣膰 w leczeniu ADHD, jednak cz臋sto wi膮偶e si臋 ona z wyst臋powaniem
niepo偶膮danych efekt贸w ubocznych, takich jak: brak apetytu, utrata masy cia艂a, zahamowanie wzrostu, b贸le brzucha, b贸le
g艂owy, problemy z zasypianiem, wzrost ci艣nienia krwi. W ostatnich latach mo偶na zauwa偶y膰 wzrastaj膮ce zainteresowanie
zastosowaniem dietoterapii w leczeniu ADHD, zw艂aszcza kiedy standardowa farmakoterapia nie przynosi poprawy stanu
zdrowia. Zar贸wno dieta kobiety ci臋偶arnej, karmi膮cej, jak i dziecka mo偶e mie膰 wp艂yw na rozw贸j i pog艂臋bienie objaw贸w
zespo艂u hiperkinetycznego. Istnieje wiele dowod贸w, kt贸re wskazuj膮, 偶e ADHD jest zwi膮zany z czynnikami 偶ywieniowymi.
Przewlek艂e niedobory niekt贸rych sk艂adnik贸w mineralnych, takich jak: cynk, 偶elazo, magnez, jod mog膮 mie膰 znacz膮cy
wp艂yw na rozw贸j i pog艂臋bienie objaw贸w ADHD u dzieci. Szczeg贸ln膮 rol臋 w diecie kobiety w ci膮偶y, karmi膮cej oraz dziecka
odgrywaj膮 tak偶e kwasy t艂uszczowe omega-3, a g艂贸wnie DHA, kt贸re s膮 niezb臋dne do prawid艂owego rozwoju i czynno艣ci
m贸zgu u dziecka. Ich przewlek艂y niedob贸r mo偶e przyczynia膰 si臋 do zwi臋kszonego ryzyka wyst臋powania ADHD u dzieci.
Autorzy kilku bada艅 wykazali korzystny wp艂yw eliminacji produkt贸w spo偶ywczych zawieraj膮cych syntetyczne dodatki do
偶ywno艣ci, m.in. barwniki i konserwanty na zachowanie u dzieci z ADHD. Pozytywne efekty przynios艂a tak偶e eliminacja
z diety produkt贸w b臋d膮cych bogatym 藕r贸d艂em salicylan贸w. Zaobserwowano ponadto, 偶e spo偶ycie produkt贸w z niskim
indeksem glikemicznym przyczynia si臋 do zmniejszenia objaw贸w choroby u niekt贸rych os贸b nadaktywnych. Dostarczenie
odpowiedniej poda偶y sk艂adnik贸w od偶ywczych i mineralnych oraz ewentualne wyeliminowanie niekt贸rych produkt贸w
spo偶ywczych z diety jest szczeg贸lnie istotne w okresie rozwoju i intensywnego wzrostu dziecka. Om贸wiono zagadnienia
dotycz膮ce roli diety w leczeniu dzieci, u kt贸rych rozpoznano ADHD oraz znaczenia niedobor贸w niekt贸rych sk艂adnik贸w
mineralnych i d艂ugo艂a艅cuchowych wielonienasyconych kwas贸w t艂uszczowych w przebiegu ci膮偶y i rozwoju dziecka. Istnieje
potrzeba dalszych bada艅 w tym zakresie, w celu oceny potencjalnej skuteczno艣ci diety w leczeniu objaw贸w ADHD.In most children with ADHD the cause of the disease is not exactly known, and its etiology is multifactorial. The conventional
treatment is based on the combination of behavioral and psychological therapy and the pharmacotherapy. The
pharmacotherapy has a high effectiveness in ADHD treatment, but it is often associated with undesirable side effects, such
as: loss of appetite and weight, growth inhibition, abdominal pain, headaches, sleeping problems and increased blood pressure.
In the recent years, much attention was devoted to the issue of an appropriate diet in this disease, especially when the
standard pharmacotherapy is not effective. The diet of pregnant and lactating woman, and child may have an impact on the
development and deepening of the hyperkinetic syndrome. There is much evidence to indicate that it is linked to nutritional
factors. Chronic deficiencies of certain minerals such as zinc, iron, magnesium and iodine and insufficient dietary intake of
long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids may have a significant impact on the development and deepening of the symptoms of
ADHD in children. A crucial role in the diet of pregnant and lactating women, and child plays also polyunsaturated omega-3
fatty acids, mainly DHA, which are necessary for proper development and function of brain. Their chronic deficiency may
contribute to increase risk of ADHD in children. The authors of several studies also demonstrated the positive impact of the
elimination food products containing synthetic food additives, like artificial food dyes and preservatives on the behavior of children with ADHD. The beneficial effects brought also the elimination of food products, that are rich in salicylates. It was
found that the intake of food products with a low glycemic index helps to reduce symptoms in some hyperactive children.
Providing an appropriate supply of nutrients and minerals and elimination of certain food products from diet is especially
important during intensive growth and development of the child. In this article the issues concerning the role of the diet
in treatment of the children with diagnosed ADHD and the importance of deficiency of certain minerals and long-chain
polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy and child growth was discussed. There is a need for further studies in this area to
evaluate the potential effectiveness of the diet in treating the symptoms of ADHD