6,751 research outputs found
Behavior in normal and reduced gravity of an enclosed liquid/gas system with nonuniform heating from above
The temperature and velocity fields have been investigated for a single-phase gas system and a two-layer gas-and-liquid system enclosed in a circular cylinder being heated suddenly and nonuniformly from above. The transient response of the gas, liquid, and container walls was modelled numerically in normal and reduced gravity (10 to the -5 g). Verification of the model was accomplished via flow visualization experiments in 10 cm high by 10 cm diameter plexiglass cylinders
Adiabatic pumping through a quantum dot in the Kondo regime: Exact results at the Toulouse limit
Transport properties of ultrasmall quantum dots with a single unpaired
electron are commonly modeled by the nonequilibrium Kondo model, describing the
exchange interaction of a spin-1/2 local moment with two leads of
noninteracting electrons. Remarkably, the model possesses an exact solution
when tuned to a special manifold in its parameter space known as the Toulouse
limit. We use the Toulouse limit to exactly calculate the adiabatically pumped
spin current in the Kondo regime. In the absence of both potential scattering
and a voltage bias, the instantaneous charge current is strictly zero for a
generic Kondo model. However, a nonzero spin current can be pumped through the
system in the presence of a finite magnetic field, provided the spin couples
asymmetrically to the two leads. Tunneling through a Kondo impurity thus offers
a natural mechanism for generating a pure spin current. We show, in particular,
that one can devise pumping cycles along which the average spin pumped per
cycle is closely equal to . By analogy with Brouwer's formula for
noninteracting systems with two driven parameters, the pumped spin current is
expressed as a geometrical property of a scattering matrix. However, the
relevant %Alex: I replaced topological with geometrical in the sentence above
scattering matrix that enters the formulation pertains to the Majorana fermions
that appear at the Toulouse limit rather than the physical electrons that carry
the current. These results are obtained by combining the nonequilibrium Keldysh
Green function technique with a systematic gradient expansion, explicitly
exposing the small parameter controlling the adiabatic limit.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, revised versio
Improvement for Quenched Wilson Fermions
We briefly describe some of our recent results for the mass spectrum and
matrix elements using improved fermions for quenched QCD. Where possible
a comparison is made between improved and Wilson fermions.Comment: 6 pages, Latex, 11 figures, epsf.sty and buckow1.sty needed
(buckow1.sty included). Talk presented at the 31st Ahrenshoop Symposium on
the Theory of Elementary Particles, September 1997, Buckow, German
The temperature dependent bandstructure of a ferromagnetic semiconductor film
The electronic quasiparticle spectrum of a ferromagnetic film is investigated
within the framework of the s-f model. Starting from the exact solvable case of
a single electron in an otherwise empty conduction band being exchange coupled
to a ferromagnetically saturated localized spin system we extend the theory to
finite temperatures. Our approach is a moment-conserving decoupling procedure
for suitable defined Green functions. The theory for finite temperatures
evolves continuously from the exact limiting case. The restriction to zero
conduction band occupation may be regarded as a proper model description for
ferromagnetic semiconductors like EuO and EuS. Evaluating the theory for a
simple cubic film cut parallel to the (100) crystal plane, we find some marked
correlation effects which depend on the spin of the test electron, on the
exchange coupling, and on the temperature of the local-moment system.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure
Isospin splittings of meson and baryon masses from three-flavor lattice QCD + QED
Lattice QCD simulations are now reaching a precision where isospin breaking
effects become important. Previously, we have developed a program to
systematically investigate the pattern of flavor symmetry beaking within QCD
and successfully applied it to meson and baryon masses involving up, down and
strange quarks. In this Letter we extend the calculations to QCD + QED and
present our first results on isospin splittings in the pseudoscalar meson and
baryon octets. In particular, we obtain the nucleon mass difference of
M_n-M_p=1.35(18)(8)\,\mbox{MeV} and the electromagnetic contribution to the
pion splitting M_{\pi^+}-M_{\pi^0}=4.60(20)\,\mbox{MeV}. Further we report
first determination of the separation between strong and electromagnetic
contributions in the scheme.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, text and figures added, Journal versio
Connected and disconnected quark contributions to hadron spin
By introducing an external spin operator to the fermion action, the quark
spin fractions of hadrons are determined from the linear response of the hadron
energies using the Feynman-Hellmann (FH) theorem. At our SU(3)-flavour
symmetric point, we find that the connected quark spin fractions are
universally in the range 55-70\% for vector mesons and octet and decuplet
baryons. There is an indication that the amount of spin suppression is quite
sensitive to the strength of SU(3) breaking. We also present first preliminary
results applying the FH technique to calculations of quark-line disconnected
contributions to hadronic matrix elements of axial and tensor operators. At the
SU(3)-flavour symmetric point we find a small negative contribution to the
nucleon spin from disconnected quark diagrams, while the corresponding tensor
matrix elements are consistent with zero.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures, 32nd International Symposium on Lattice Field
Theor
Reply to "Comment on `Lattice determination of Sigma - Lambda mixing' "
In this Reply, we respond to the above Comment. Our computation [Phys. Rev. D
91 (2015) 074512] only took into account pure QCD effects, arising from quark
mass differences, so it is not surprising that there are discrepancies in
isospin splittings and in the Sigma - Lambda mixing angle. We expect that these
discrepancies will be smaller in a full calculation incorporating QED effects.Comment: 5 page
Applications of the Feynman-Hellmann theorem in hadron structure
The Feynman-Hellmann (FH) relation offers an alternative way of accessing
hadronic matrix elements through artificial modifications to the QCD
Lagrangian. In particular, a FH-motivated method provides a new approach to
calculations of disconnected contributions to matrix elements and high-momentum
nucleon and pion form factors. Here we present results for the total nucleon
axial charge, including a statistically significant non-negative total
disconnected quark contribution of around at an unphysically heavy pion
mass. Extending the FH relation to finite-momentum transfers, we also present
calculations of the pion and nucleon electromagnetic form factors up to
momentum transfers of around 7-8 GeV. Results for the nucleon are not able
to confirm the existence of a sign change for the ratio , but
suggest that future calculations at lighter pion masses will provide
fascinating insight into this behaviour at large momentum transfers
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