Power computation for the triboelectric nanogenerator

We consider, from a mathematical perspective, the power generated by a contact-mode triboelectric nanogenerator, an energy harvesting device that has been well studied recently. We encapsulate the behaviour of the device in a differential equation, which although linear and of first order, has periodic coefficients, leading to some interesting mathematical problems. In studying these, we derive approximate forms for the mean power generated and the current waveforms, and describe a procedure for computing the Fourier coefficients for the current, enabling us to show how the power is distributed over the harmonics. Comparisons with accurate numerics validate our analysis

Identifikasi Faktor-faktor Cost Overrun Biaya Overhead Pada Proyek Pembangunan Manado Town Square III

Pada pekerjaan proyek konstuksi biasanya terjadi kendala, baik kendala yang sudah diperhintungkan maupun yang belum di perhitungkan.Sehingga proyek yang dikerjakan biasanya terlaksana dengan hasil yang tidak sesuai yang di rencanakan. Oleh sebab itu penelitian ini sebagai upaya untuk mendapatkan dan mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang mengakibatkan terjadinya cost overrun pada biaya overhead yang berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kinerja biaya akhir proyek. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner dan responden pada pembangunan Manado Town Square Tahap III pengolahan data kuesioner menggunakan program SPSS 22 for windows dengan metode analisis Responden, Validitas Dan Reabilitas, Frequencies, Descriptives, Skala (Score) Dampak/Pengaruh. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan urutan rangking – rangking tiap faktor yang menjadi penyebab pembengkakan biaya pada penyelesaian proyek.Dengan mengunakan analisa Faktor – faktor yang menjadi penyebab utama yang mempengaruhi kelebihan biaya penyelesaian proyek Pembangunan Manado Town Square tahan III adalah Politik, Ekonomi, Financial, Sosial-Budaya, Legilitas Hukum, Alam, Perencanaan, Organisasi dan Personil Proyek, Administrasi dan kontrak, pengaturan Lapangan, Keperluan Lapangan, Jadwal Proyek

Bifurcation curves of subharmonic solutions

We revisit a problem considered by Chow and Hale on the existence of subharmonic solutions for perturbed systems. In the analytic setting, under more general (weaker) conditions, we prove their results on the existence of bifurcation curves from the nonexistence to the existence of subharmonic solutions. In particular our results apply also when one has degeneracy to first order -- i.e. when the subharmonic Melnikov function vanishes identically. Moreover we can deal as well with the case in which degeneracy persists to arbitrarily high orders, in the sense that suitable generalisations to higher orders of the subharmonic Melnikov function are also identically zero. In general the bifurcation curves are not analytic, and even when they are smooth they can form cusps at the origin: we say in this case that the curves are degenerate as the corresponding tangent lines coincide. The technique we use is completely different from that of Chow and Hale, and it is essentially based on rigorous perturbation theory.Comment: 29 pages, 2 figure

Interstitial lung abnormalities in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: A pilot study evaluating prevalence and progression.

OBJECTIVE:Pulmonary disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we investigated the prevalence and progression of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) in a prospective cohort study of 18 subjects with early RA. METHODS:Eighteen adults diagnosed with anti-citrullinated protein-antibody-positive RA within the prior year underwent baseline high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), symptom assessment, and pulmonary function and laboratory testing. The follow-up HRCT and clinical assessment were completed after 1 year. RESULTS:Seven of the 18 patients (39%) had baseline HRCT abnormalities including septal thickening, honeycombing, ground glass opacities, and/or traction bronchiectasis. At follow-up, 6 out of the 7 subjects (86%) with ILAs at baseline exhibited progression, while 10 out of 11 (91%) without ILAs at baseline remained stable. A higher Clinical Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Questionnaire score was associated with both the presence and progression of HRCT abnormalities (10 vs 2, p=0.045; 10 vs 2, p=0.009, respectively). C-reactive protein (CRP) trended higher in patients with radiologic abnormalities (3.5 mg/L vs 1.1 mg/L, p=0.08) and was significantly higher in those with progression (3.5 mg/L vs 1 mg/L, p=0.024). Smoking, pulmonary function, and autoantibodies were not associated with HRCT abnormalities. CONCLUSION:ILAs are prevalent in patients with early RA. If identified at baseline, radiographic progression of ILAs after 1 year is likely, while those without ILAs at baseline are unlikely to develop new ILAs. In addition, early respiratory symptoms and higher CRP levels may correlate with the presence and progression of underlying ILAs

Salmonella Pathogenesis and Processing of Secreted Effectors by Caspase-3

The enteric pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium causes food poisoning resulting in gastroenteritis. The S. Typhimurium effector Salmonella invasion protein A (SipA) promotes gastroenteritis by functional motifs that trigger either mechanisms of inflammation or bacterial entry. During infection of intestinal epithelial cells, SipA was found to be responsible for the early activation of caspase-3, an enzyme that is required for SipA cleavage at a specific recognition motif that divided the protein into its two functional domains and activated SipA in a manner necessary for pathogenicity. Other caspase-3 cleavage sites identified in S. Typhimurium appeared to be restricted to secreted effector proteins, which indicates that this may be a general strategy used by this pathogen for processing of its secreted effectors

The Knowledge, Experiences and Perceptions of Nursing Students in Caring for a Patient with a Learning Disability: A Qualitative Study

Maxine Cromar-Hayes,1 Carolyn Lees,1 Denis Parkinson,1 Karen Deane,2 Helen Marshall1 1School of Allied Health Professions and Nursing, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Merseyside, UK; 2Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, UKCorrespondence: Helen Marshall; Maxine Cromar-Hayes, School of Allied Health and Nursing, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, Whelan Building, the Quadrangle, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB, UK, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: There is a known inequality in the healthcare provision for people with a learning disability, they have a poorer experience and a higher mortality rate than the general population. All registered health and social care organisations are required to provide training for staff in learning disability and autism, including how to communicate effectively and to provide reasonable adjustments. It has been suggested that this training needs to be available to those completing their nursing degrees.Methods: Focus groups were conducted with 21 adult nursing students. The qualitative data collected was analysed using a thematic framework to identify the main factors that contributed to how adult nursing students cared for those adults with a learning disability while on a clinical placement.Results: Generally, participants felt unprepared to care for adults with a learning disability. They described how they lacked knowledge and confidence, yet increased time on clinical placement was a facilitator to improving this. Role modelling of confident healthcare staff and personal experiences of having a relative with a learning disability all positively contributed to increasing confidence. Simulated practice and learning from those with lived experience were cited as a mechanism to enhance their knowledge. Communication with patients and between healthcare staff and families was seen as integral to being able to provide patient centred care.Conclusion: In a bid to ensure that those people with a learning disability have access to adequately skilled healthcare staff, adult nursing students need to be better prepared to provide care while on clinical placements. This will involve universities, clinical practice partners and those with a learning disability working together to collaboratively focus on training and education that develops confidence, knowledge and understanding which will then translate to excellent patient care.Keywords: intellectual disabilities, practice learning, nursing educatio

Attractiveness of periodic orbits in parametrically forced systemswith time-increasing friction

We consider dissipative one-dimensional systems subject to a periodic force and study numerically how a time-varying friction affects the dynamics. As a model system, particularly suited for numerical analysis, we investigate the driven cubic oscillator in the presence of friction. We find that, if the damping coefficient increases in time up to a final constant value, then the basins of attraction of the leading resonances are larger than they would have been if the coefficient had been fixed at that value since the beginning. From a quantitative point of view, the scenario depends both on the final value and the growth rate of the damping coefficient. The relevance of the results for the spin-orbit model are discussed in some detail.Comment: 30 pages, 6 figure

The hand of Homo naledi

A nearly complete right hand of an adult hominin was recovered from the Rising Star cave system, South Africa. Based on associated hominin material, the bones of this hand are attributed to Homo naledi. This hand reveals a long, robust thumb and derived wrist morphology that is shared with Neandertals and modern humans, and considered adaptive for intensified manual manipulation. However, the finger bones are longer and more curved than in most australopiths, indicating frequent use of the hand during life for strong grasping during locomotor climbing and suspension. These markedly curved digits in combination with an otherwise human-like wrist and palm indicate a significant degree of climbing, despite the derived nature of many aspects of the hand and other regions of the postcranial skeleton in H. naledi