Modelling Deprivation Level and Multimorbidity in a Health District

[EN] Deprivation is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic health conditions and with worse outcomes in multimorbidity. The goal of our study was to develop an integrated population index of deprivation (IPID) to observe the influence of deprivation on morbidity and the subsequent use of healthcare resources in one health district, using the socioeconomic, clinical and geographical data from its administrative health records. Eight socioeconomic indicators were identified and weighted using the methodology of two-phase principal component analysis, providing an index that allowed each census section to be classified into seven deprivation groups. Secondly, the possible relation between the IPID and the variables for multimorbidity and healthcare resources was analysed using the theory of multiple comparisons. It was observed that places with a greater proportion of healthy people presented lower values of deprivation and that, at lower levels of deprivation, there were fewer hospital admissions. The results show that living in an area with a higher deprivation index is associated with greater consumption of healthcare resources and disease burden. Identifying areas of sociosanitary vulnerability can help to identify health inequalities and allow intervention by clinical practices and healthcare management to reduce them.Botija Yagüe, MP.; Sorbet-Santiago, S.; Díaz-Carnicero, J.; González-De Julián, S.; Usó-Talamantes, R. (2022). Modelling Deprivation Level and Multimorbidity in a Health District. Mathematics. 10(4):1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/math1004065911410

Building resilience to water scarcity in Southern Spain: A case study of rice farming in Doñana protected wetlands

Agricultural water management needs to evolve in view of increased water scarcity, especially when farming and natural protected areas are closely linked. In the study site of Don?ana (southern Spain), water is shared by rice producers and a world heritage biodiversity ecosystem. Our aim is to contribute to defining adaptation strategies that may build resilience to increasing water scarcity and minimize water conflicts among agricultural and natural systems. The analytical framework links a participatory process with quantitative methods to prioritize the adaptation options. Bottom-up proposed adaptation measures are evaluated by a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) that includes both socioeconomic criteria and criteria of the ecosystem services affected by the adaptation options. Criteria weights are estimated by three different methods?analytic hierarchy process, Likert scale and equal weights?that are then compared. Finally, scores from an MCA are input into an optimization model used to determine the optimal land-use distribution in order to maximize utility and land-use diversification according to different scenarios of funds and water availability. While our results show a spectrum of perceptions of priorities among stakeholders, there is one overriding theme that is to define a way to restore part of the rice fields to natural wetlands. These results hold true under the current climate scenario and evenmore so under an increased water scarcity scenario

Unified phantom cosmologies

We present a general algorithm based on the concept of form-invariance which can be used for generating phantom cosmologies. It involves linear transformations between the kinetic energy and the potential of the scalar field, and transforms solutions of the Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations which preserve the weak energy condition into others which violate it, while keeping the energy density of the field positive. All known solutions representing phantom cosmologies are unified by this procedure. Using the general algorithm we obtain those solutions and show the relations between them. In addition, the scale factors of the product and seed solutions are related by a generalization of the well-known $a\to a^{-1}$ duality.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figur

Interactive Machine Learning for Embodied Interaction Design: A Tool and Methodology

As immersive technologies are increasingly being adopted by artists, dancers and developers in their creative work, there is a demand for tools and methods to design compelling ways of embodied interaction within virtual environments. Interactive Machine Learning allows creators to quickly and easily implement movement interaction in their applications by performing examples of movement to train a machine learning model. A key aspect of this training is providing appropriate movement data features for a machine learning model to accurately characterise the movement then recognise it from incoming data. We explore methodologies that aim to support creators’ understanding of movement feature data in relation to machine learning models and ask how these models hold the potential to inform creators’ understanding of their own movement. We propose a 5-day hackathon, bringing together artists, dancers and designers, to explore designing movement interaction and create prototypes using new interactive machine learning tool InteractML

InteractML: Making machine learning accessible for creative practitioners working with movement interaction in immersive media

Interactive Machine Learning offers a method for designing movement interaction that supports creators in implementing even complex movement designs in their immersive applications by simply performing them with their bodies. We introduce a new tool, InteractML, and an accompanying ideation method, which makes movement interaction design faster, adaptable and accessible to creators of varying experience and backgrounds, such as artists, dancers and independent game developers. The tool is specifically tailored to non-experts as creators configure and train machine learning models via a node-based graph and VR interface, requiring minimal programming. We aim to democratise machine learning for movement interaction to be used in the development of a range of creative and immersive applications

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Covalent OrganicFrameworks: A Review

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: B. Díaz de Greñu, J. Torres, J. García-González, S. Muñoz-Pina, R. de los Reyes, A. M. Costero, P. Amorós, J. V. Ros-Lis, ChemSusChem 2021, 14, 208, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202001865. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are relatively recent materials. They have received great attention due to their interesting properties. However, the application of microwaves in their synthesis, despite its advantages such as faster and more reproducible processes, is a minority. Herein, a comprehensive compilation of the research results published in the microwave-assisted synthesis (MAS) of COFs is presented. This review includes articles of 2D and 3D COFs prepared using microwaves as source of energy. The articles have been classified depending on the functional groups including boronate ester, imines, enamines, azines, and triazines, among others. It compiles the main parameters of synthesis and characteristics of the materials together with some general issues related with COFs and microwaves. Additionally, current and future perspectives of the topic have been discussed.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (RTI2018-100910-B-C44, RTI2018-100910-B-C42 and PEJ2018-004586-A), and the Generalitat Valenciana (CPTTGENT2018/004 and APOTIP/2019/A/023).Díaz De Greñu, B.; Torres, J.; García-González, J.; Muñoz-Pina, S.; De Los Reyes, R.; Costero, AM.; Amorós, P.... (2021). Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Covalent OrganicFrameworks: A Review. ChemSusChem. 14(1):208-233. https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202001865S20823314

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento del Valle del Cauca

Dentro de las acciones a nivel social, el perfil profesional del psicólogo en una realidad compleja como la hallada en el impacto de los fenómenos de violencia en el conflicto armado colombiano, genera huella trascendental en la identidad social, evidenciando dificultad para construir subjetividad, ejecutar y consolidar estrategias alternas de superación. Este documento estudia, a través del enfoque narrativo, un caso específico sustraído de la realidad, dentro del contexto de victimización con factores agravantes múltiples que se detallan y analizan grupalmente con fines académicos; proponen algunos tipos de preguntas para optimizar en la entrevista el acompañamiento psicosocial en los escenarios de violencia, de tal forma que la labor psicológica se realiza desde constructos teóricos concretos, contextualizados y dirigidos al reconocimiento de las realidades individuales, a partir de la identificación de elementos de valor para los afectados, como punto de partida para generar oportunidades de profundización y posibilidades alternativas de mejoramiento ante los hallazgos desfavorables vinculados a la victimización causada. El enfoque narrativo como herramienta de acompañamiento e intervención, en el contexto de violencia y ante vivencias de experiencias traumáticas, representa una oportunidad para la práctica aplicada de la psicología dentro de las comunidades afectadas por este fenómeno, toda vez que su uso es evidentemente complementario con otras estrategias de intervención, como también lo es la imagen, ofreciendo una profundidad particular con la narración descriptiva que puede permitir una ejecución adecuada de los elementos que ofrece. La violencia, dentro de la realidad social colombiana trasciende indudablemente a todos los campos de desarrollo conjunto de la nación, afectando esferas múltiples, desde la familia como eje de desarrollo, hasta aspectos biopsicosociales educativos, económicos, culturales, religiosos y políticos, vulnerando derechos humanos, limitando las oportunidades y atentando al bienestar integral individual y colectivo de las comunidades, generando incluso situaciones de revictimización, ante lo cual, el profesional de psicología asume un rol altamente valioso y relevante de acompañamiento psicosocial en los escenarios de violencia, es así como el enfoque narrativo constituye el eje principal en la construcción de subjetividades, demostrando las posibilidades con las que cuenta el psicólogo al momento de ejercer su rol profesional.Within the actions at the social level, the professional profile of the psychologist in a complex reality such as that found in the impact of violence phenomena on Colombian armed conflict, generates a momentous mark on social identity, evidenced by difficulty in building subjectivity, executing and consolidating alternative strategies of overcoming. This document examines, through the narrative approach, a specific case subtracted from reality, within the context of victimization with multiple aggravating factors that are detailed and analyzed group for academic purposes; they propose some types of questions to optimize psychosocial accompaniment in the scenarios of violence in the interview, so that psychological work is carried out from concrete theoretical constructs, contextualized and aimed at the recognition of individual realities, based on the identification of elements of value for those affected, as a starting point to generate opportunities for deepening and alternative possibilities for improvement in the face of unfavorable findings linked to the victimization caused. The narrative approach as a tool of accompaniment and intervention, in the context of violence and in the face of experiences of traumatic experiences, represents an opportunity for the applied practice of psychology within the communities affected by this phenomenon, since its use is evidently complementary with other intervention strategies, as is the image, offering a particular depth with the descriptive narrative that can allow an adequate execution of the elements it offers. Violence, within Colombia's social reality undoubtedly transcends all the fields of joint development of the nation, affecting multiple areas, from the family as an axis of development, to educational, economic, cultural, religious and political biopsicosocial aspects, violating human rights, limiting opportunities and attentive to the integral individual and collective well-being of communities, even generating situations of revictimization , in view of which, the psychology professional assumes a highly valuable and relevant role of psychosocial accompaniment in the scenarios of violence, is how the narrative approach is the main axis in the construction of subjectivities, demonstrating the possibilities available to the psychologist when exercising his professional role

A prospective cohort study to evaluate peridomestic infection as a determinant of dengue transmission: Protocol

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Vector control programs, which have focused mainly on the patient house and peridomestic areas around dengue cases, have not produced the expected impact on transmission. This project will evaluate the assumption that the endemic/epidemic transmission of dengue begins around peridomestic vicinities of the primary cases. Its objective is to assess the relationship between symptomatic dengue case exposure and peridomestic infection incidence.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>A prospective cohort study will be conducted (in Tepalcingo and Axochiapan, in the state of Morelos, Mexico), using the state surveillance system for the detection of incident cases. Paired blood specimens will be collected from both the individuals who live with the incident cases and a sample of subjects residing within a 25-meter radius of such cases (exposed cohort), in order to measure dengue-specific antibodies. Other subjects will be selected from areas which have not presented any incident cases within 200 meters, during the two months preceding the sampling (non-exposed cohort). Symptomatic/asymptomatic incident infection will be considered as the dependent variable, exposure to confirmed dengue cases, as the principal variable, and the socio-demographic, environmental and socio-cultural conditions of the subjects, as additional explanatory variables.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Results indicating a high infection rate among the exposed subjects would justify the application of peridomestic control measures and call for an evaluation of alternate causes for insufficient program impact. On the other hand, a low incidence of peridomestic-infected subjects would support the hypothesis that infection occurs outside the domicile, and would thus explain why the vector control measures applied in the past have exerted such a limited impact on cases incidence rates. The results of the present study may therefore serve to reassess site selection for interventions of this type.</p