Poblaciones estelares, formación y evolución de galaxias quiescentes a desplazamientos al rojo intermedios a partir de cartografiados multifiltro

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Departamento de Física de la Tierra, Astronomía y Astrofísica II (Astrofísica y Ciencias de la Atmósfera), leída el 12-06-2017This Ph. D. thesis aims at improving our understanding of the evolution of quiescent galaxies since z 1, with the ultimate goal of providing a general picture for the formation and evolution of these objects along the history of the Universe. Making use of data from the ALHAMBRA survey and the SED-fitting code MUFFIT, developed as part of this work, this thesis is novel at facing for the first time an extensive, observational study that comprises the time evolution of the number density of quiescent galaxies, as well as their masses, stellar populations (ages, metallicities and extinctions) and sizes, to ultimately build up a phenomenological evolutionary model based on the merger, "frosting" and "progenitor bias" scenarios that tries to reconcile the observed trends in the above parameters. The stellar population parameters of quiescent galaxies are obtained by the novel and generic code MUFFIT. This code was created and fully developed by us, and it is specifically designed to analyse the stellar content of galaxies with available multi-filter data. MUFFIT performs an error-weighted 2-test, for comparing the multi-filter fluxes of galaxies with the synthetic photometry of mixtures of two SSPs, to provide the most likely range of stellar population parameters: ages, metallicities, extinctions, redshifts, and stellar masses, and uncertainties. To improve the diagnostic reliability, MUFFIT identifies and removes from the analysis those bands that are significantly affected by emission lines. For the construction of a reliable sample of quiescent galaxies, we combine the efficiency of the empiric colour-colour UVJ-diagrams and the extinctions retrieved via MUFFIT, to built a dust-corrected UVJdiagram of intrinsic colours clean of dusty star-forming galaxies. Moreover, we carry out a one-by-one visual inspection to remove those sources whose photometry can be compromised and spurious detections, as well as a removal of contaminating cool stars. The stellar mass completeness is obtained by a novel methodology based on stellar mass functions, yielding a final sample of 8 547 galaxies at 0:1 z 1:1 with a photo-z accuracy of NMAD = 0:006, which constitutes the reference sample of quiescent galaxies for this work...En esta tesis doctoral buscamos ampliar nuestro conocimiento en torno a la evolución de las galaxias quiescentees desde z 1, con el objetivo final de dar una visión global de la formación y evolución de estos objetos a lo largo de la historia del Universo. Haciendo uso de los datos procedentes del cartografiado ALHAMBRA y del código de ajuste espectral (SED-fitting) MUFFIT, desarrollado como parte de este trabajo, esta tesis lleva a cabo por primera vez un extenso estudio observacional que recoje la evolución temporal y la densidad numérica de las galaxias quiescentes, así como sus masas, poblaciones estelares (edades, metalicidades y extinciones), para finalmente construir un modelo fenomenológico evolutivo basado en fusiones de galaxias, "frosting" (remanentes de formación estelar), y el "progenitor" bias, tratando de reconciliar las tendencias observacionales para estos parámetros. La obtención de las poblaciones estelares de galaxias quiescentes se lleva a cabo por el código MUFFIT, el cuál se ha desarrollado en este trabajo. Este código nace con el objetivo específico de analizar el contenido estelar de galaxias procedentes de cartografiados multifiltro. MUFFIT lleva a cabo un test de 2 pesado con errores para comparar los flujos de las galaxias con la fotometría sintética de mezclas de dos modelos SSP, y así obtener sus parámetros poblacionales: edad, metalicidad, extinción, desplazamiento al rojo, masa estelar y sus incertidumbres. Para mejorar el diagnóstico, MUFFIT identifica y retira del análisis aquellas bandas afectadas significativamente por líneas de emisión. Para la obtención de la muestra de galaxias quiescentes, se combina la eficiencia de los diagramas colorcolor tipo UVJ y las extinciones obtenidas por MUFFIT, para construir un diagrama UVJ corregido de extinción libre de galaxias con formación estelar y enrojecidas por polvo. Para aumentar la pureza de la muestra de galaxias quiescentes, se realizó una inspección visual para eliminar las detecciones espúreas o con fotometría errónea, y un análisis para la eliminación de estrellas frías. Para la completitud en masa, se desarrolló un método basado en funciones de masa, dando lugar a una muestra final de 8 547 galaxias quiescentes a 0:1 z 1:1 con una precisión de desplazamientos al rojo fotométricos en torno a NMAD = 0:006...Depto. de Física de la Tierra y AstrofísicaFac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEunpu

Taller de creatividad e innovación en medios digitales y festival de spots publicitarios de las asignaturas y los TFG vinculados al área de producción y realización publicitaria

El objetivo principal de este grupo de innovación es canalizar todas las actividades extra académicas que venimos realizando en torno a la realización publicitaria y hacerlas llegar al alumnado de la Universidad

Towards Bio-impedance Based Labs: A Review

In this article, some of the main contributions to BI (Bio-Impedance) parameter-based systems for medical, biological and industrial fields, oriented to develop micro laboratory systems are summarized. These small systems are enabled by the development of new measurement techniques and systems (labs), based on the impedance as biomarker. The electrical properties of the life mater allow the straightforward, low cost and usually non-invasive measurement methods to define its status or value, with the possibility to know its time evolution. This work proposes a review of bio-impedance based methods being employed to develop new LoC (Lab-on-a-Chips) systems, and some open problems identified as main research challenges, such as, the accuracy limits of measurements techniques, the role of the microelectrode-biological impedance modeling in measurements and system portability specifications demanded for many applications.Spanish founded Project: TEC 2013-46242-C3-1-P: Integrated Microsystem for Cell Culture AssaysFEDE

An Explicit Nodal Space-Time Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Maxwell’s Equations

A novel implicit nodal Space-Time Discontinuous Galerkin (STDG) method is proposed in this paper. An eigenvalue analysis is performed and compared with that for a DG scheme solved with a 4th-Order Runge-Kutta time integrator. We show that STDG offers a significant improvement of dissipative and dispersive properties and allows larger time steps, regardless of the spatial hp-refinement. A domain-decomposition technique is used to introduce an explicit formulation of the method in order to render it computationally efficient.This work is partially funded by the National Projects TEC2010-20841- C04-04, TEC2013-48414-C3-01, CSD2008-00068, P09-TIC-5327, P12-TIC- 1442, and from the GENIL excellence network

Consultoría de negocios para incrementar la participación de mercado de la empresa Element Trading

Element Trading es una empresa que comercializa insumos químicos que son utilizados en líneas de producción en diferentes industrias, lleva 12 años atendiendo el mercado local y su casa matriz en Colombia tiene 22 años de experiencia, actualmente es la segunda empresa en su rubro luego de Brenntag Colombia. Las ventas de Element Trading de los últimos años se han mantenido en promedio constantes por lo que busca un crecimiento agresivo a fin de aprovechar los recursos financieros y técnicos con los que cuenta. Debido a que existen diferentes alternativas para propiciar el crecimiento, se analizará la situación actual de la empresa, así como el contexto en el que se desenvuelve a fin de determinar los pasos a seguir para lograr el crecimiento deseado. Una vez establecidas las estrategias se sugerirá proceder con la implementación detallando claramente las actividades, tiempos establecidos y responsables. Luego del análisis detallado, se confirma que existe un gran potencial de crecimiento pudiendo llegar a cuadruplicar las ventas en los próximos cinco años con una mínima inversión de USD 38,000 que se recuperarían al cabo de cinco meses, creciendo a razón de 35-45% por año, pasando de ventas mensuales de USD 111,600 a USD 160,000 en el primer año de crecimiento; para lograr estos resultados se brindará una asesoría enfocada en el orden para lo cual se implementarán procedimientos estableciendo áreas, detallando las actividades clave y los responsables, se desarrollarán planes de acción con estrategias a tomar en el mediano y largo plazo a fin de trazar el camino que conduce al logro y permanencia de este crecimiento. La inversión es poco significativa en comparación con los resultados que se pueden obtener, principalmente se necesita una buena dirección llevada a cabo por el equipo consultor, involucramiento de los jefes de áreas y compromiso de todos los participantes.Element Trading is a business that trades chemical compounds that are used in the production lines of different industries, it has been serving over the past 12 years the local market, and its parent company, in Colombia, has 22 years of experience, being currently the second company in its field, behind Brenntag Colombia. Element Trading sales in recent years have remained constant on average, therefore it is on the quest of aggressive growth in order to take advantage of the financial and technical resources it has. Because there are different alternatives to promote growth, the current situation of the company will be analyzed, as well as the context in which it operates in order to determine the steps to follow for the purpose of achieving the desired growth. Once the strategies are established, it will be suggested to proceed with its implementation clearly detailing the activities, the established timing and people in charge. After the detailed analysis, it is confirmed that there is great potential for growth, which could quadruple sales in the next five years with a minimum investment of USD 38,000 that would be recovered after five months, growing at a rate of 35-45% per year, going from monthly sales of USD 111,600 to USD 160,000 in the first year of growth; To achieve these results, advice will be provided focused on the order for which procedures will be implemented establishing areas, detailing key activities and those responsible, action plans will be developed with strategies to be taken in the medium and long term in order to chart the path. which leads to the achievement and permanence of this growth. The investment is insignificant compared to the results that can be obtained, mainly it requires a good direction carried out by the consulting team, involvement of the heads of areas and commitment of all participants.Tesi

Rugulopteryx okamurae: Assessment of its potential as a source of monosaccharides for obtaining bio-products

Beach-cast seaweed of the invasive brown macroalga Rugulopteryx okamurae was used in this study as raw material to obtain fermentable sugars, which can be converted into high added-value products. The dietary fibre composition of this macroalgae was determined and compared to other brown and red macroalgae, showing one of the highest proportions of dietary fibre (27.3 %) and cellulose (13.6 %). Therefore, the enzymatic hydrolysis of R. okamurae could lead to obtaining hydrolysates with a high concentration of reducing sugars. The main hydrolysis variables (biomass loading, enzyme dose and stirring rates) and the operation mode (fed-batch versus batch) were evaluated to maximize the sugar concentration. Thus, a maximum total reducing sugar concentration of 13.7 g/L was obtained at the optimum conditions: biomass loading of 10 % (w/v), 50 FPU/g biomass, 250 rpm and operating in batch mode. In addition, a kinetic model has been developed to describe the enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass. The model, unlike first-order kinetics, includes a specific term considering the enzyme diffusion through the solid biomass. The proposed kinetic model leads to better fitting of experimental data than the first-order model, especially for long incubation times

The bio-oscillator: A circuit for cell-culture assays

A system for cell-culture real-time monitoring using an oscillation-based approach is proposed. The system transforms a cell culture under test into a suitable “biological” oscillator, without needing complex circuitry for excitation and measurement. The obtained oscillation parameters are directly related to biological test, owed to an empirically extracted cell–electrode electrical model. A discrete prototype is proposed and experimental results with living cell culture are presented, achieving the expected performances.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TEC2011-28302, TEC2013-46242-C3-1-

Efficient excitation of waveguides in Crank-Nicolson FDTD

In this paper, we present a procedure to calculate the discrete modes propagated with Crank-Nicolson FDTD in metallic waveguides. This procedure enables the correct excitation of this kind of waveguides at any resolution. The problem is reduced to solving an eigenvalue equation, which is performed, both in a closed form, for the usual rectangular waveguide, and numerically in the most general case, validated here with a ridged rectangular waveguide.The work described in this paper and the research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013, under grant agreement no 205294 (HIRF SE project), and from the Spanish National Projects TEC2010-20841-C04-04, TEC2007-66698-C04-02, CSD2008- 00068, DEX-530000-2008-105, and the Junta de Andalucia Projects TIC1541 and P09-TIC-5327