Dynamic structure function of two interacting atoms in 1D

We consider two atoms trapped in a one-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential interacting through a contact interaction. We study the transition from the non-interacting to the strongly interacting Tonks-Girardeau state, as the interaction is varied from zero to infinitely large repulsive values. The dynamic structure function is computed by means of direct diagonalization calculations with a finite number of single particle modes. The response of the system against a monopolar perturbation is characterized by the moments of the dynamic structure function which are explicitly calculated from the dynamic structure function and by means of sum rules

Respuesta en frecuencia para sistemas en espacio de estados

The frequency response of linear systems is a popular tool used in the analysis and design of automatic control systems. The common way to obtain the frequency response is from the input-output representation (transfer function) of a system. In this paper we present a novel way to obtain the frequency response from the state space representation. The result is obtained by characterizing the input signal (sine function) by means of an additional external system, as well as the evaluation of the steady state. The determination of phase and magnitude is obtained from the solution to a Sylvester equation repeatedly for different values of the frequency in a specific interval together with some algebraic manipulations and use of trigonometric identities. The procedure is shown by examples and compared with classical ways of obtaining the frequency response.La respuesta en frecuencia de sistemas lineales es una popular herramienta utilizada en el análisis y diseño de sistemas de control automático. La forma común de obtener la respuesta en frecuencia es a partir de la representación entrada-salida (función de transferencia) de un sistema. En este trabajo se presenta una manera novedosa para obtener la respuesta en frecuencia partiendo de la representación en el espacio de estados. El resultado es obtenido mediante la caracterización de la señal de entrada (función senoidal) mediante un sistema externo adicional, así como la evaluación del estado estacionario. La determinación de la fase y magnitud se obtiene de la solución a una ecuación de Sylvester reiteradamente para diferentes valores de la frecuencia en un intervalo específico junto con algunas manipulaciones algebraicas y uso de identidades trigonométricas. El procedimiento es mostrado mediante ejemplos y comparado con las maneras clásicas de obtener la respuesta en frecuencia

Flatness-based fault tolerant control

Este artículo presenta un método de control tolerante a fallas para sistemas no lineales planos. Las propiedades intrínsecas de los sistemas planos generan redundancia analítica y permiten calcular todos los estados y las entradas de control del sistema. Los residuos son calculados comparando las medidas reales provenientes de los sensores y las señales obtenidas gracias al conjunto de ecuaciones del sistema plano. Fallas multiplicativas y aditivas se pueden manejar de manera indistinta. Las señales redundantes obtenidas con las ecuaciones del sistema plano son usadas para reconfigurar el sistema con falla. La factibilidad del método propuesto es verificada para fallas aditivas en un sistema de tres tanques. ABSTRACT This paper presents a Fault Tolerant control approach for nonlinear flat systems. Flatness property affords analytical redundancy and permit to compute the states and control inputs of the system. Residual signals are computed by comparing real measures and the computed signals obtained using the differentially flat equations. Multiplicative and additive faults can be handled indistinctly. The redundant signals obtained with the differentially flat equations are used to reconfigure the faulty system. Feasibility of this approach is verified for additive faults in a three tank system

Evapotranspiración de referencia (ET0) y cambio climático en México como herramienta de planeación de la adaptación

Se presenta un estudio sobre evapotranspiración potencial (ETP) para México en condiciones actuales y con escenarios de cambio climático. Comprendió cinco modelos, tres horizontes de tiempo y dos RCP para 28 escenarios. El método aplicado fue Penman–Monteith y se calibró con una estación meteorológica con información medida. Los resultados muestran que actualmente la ETP va desde 460 hasta 2130mm con promedio nacional del orden de 1280mm anuales. En el horizonte cercano (2015-2039) con RCP de 4.5 para las zonas de más de 2000mm se estima que podrían aumentar 375% su superficie. En el horizonte medio (2040-2069) la misma región podría incrementar un 480% y para el horizonte lejano (2070-2099) se caracteriza por presentar valores extremos aún más drásticos. El valor máximo que se encontró en el año base es de 2129mm y el escenario de cambio climático más drástico alcanza los 2560mm. Por su parte, el valor más bajo actualmente es de 462mm y el escenario de cambio climático más drástico inicia en 947mm. Lo anterior corrobora que se esperan valores más elevados de ETP debido al aumento en temperaturas y disminución de la humedad relativa.A study on potential evapotranspiration (ETP) for Mexico is presented under current conditions and climate change scenarios. It comprised five models, three time horizons and two RCP’s, for a total of 28 scenarios. The applied method was Penman-Monteith and it was calibrated with data from a weather station. The results show that the ETP currently ranges from 460 to 2130mm with national annual average of about 1280mm. In the near horizon (2015-2039) with a RCP 4.5 in areas of more than 2000mm, it was estimated an increase of 375% in surface. By middle horizon (2040-2069) the same region could increase 480% and the distant horizon (2070-2099) is characterized by even more drastic extremes. The maximum value found in the base year is 2129mm and the worst scenario of climate change reaches 2560mm. Meanwhile, the lowest value is currently 462mm and stage more drastic climate change starts at 947mm. This corroborates that higher values of ETP due to increased temperatures and decreased relative humidity are expected.Centro de Investigación en Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales –CIRENAM-, programa PROFONI y proyectos Estratégicos Institucionales, de la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo

Genomic transformation and social organization during the Copper Age-Bronze Age transition in southern Iberia

[EN]The emerging Bronze Age (BA) of southeastern Iberia saw marked social changes. Late Copper Age (CA) settlements were abandoned in favor of hilltop sites, and collective graves were largely replaced by single or double burials with often distinctive grave goods indirectly reflecting a hierarchical social organization, as exemplified by the BA El Argar group. We explored this transition from a genomic viewpoint by tripling the amount of data available for this period. Concomitant with the rise of El Argar starting similar to 2200 cal BCE, we observe a complete turnover of Y-chromosome lineages along with the arrival of steppe-related ancestry. This pattern is consistent with a founder effect in male lineages, supported by our finding that males shared more relatives at sites than females. However, simple two-source models do not find support in some El Argar groups, suggesting additional genetic contributions from the Mediterranean that could predate the BA.This work was supported by the Max Planck Society (V.V.-M. and W.H.); European Research Council (ERC) grant 771234-PALEoRIDER (W. H.); Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness project HAR2017-85962-P (C.O., C.R.-H., M.I.F., E.C.B., C.V.-F., V.L., R.M., and R.R.); AGAUR 2017SGR1044 (C.O., C.R.-H., M.I.F., E. C.B., C.V.-F., V. L., R.M., and R.R.); ICREA Academia program (R.R.); John Templeton Foundation grant 61220 (D.R.); and Paul Allen Family Foundation (D.R.). D.R. is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

Marco activo de recursos de innovación docente: Madrid

Una guía de espacios e instituciones para actividades educativas complementarias en enseñanza secundaria y Formación Profesional

Natural History of MYH7-Related Dilated Cardiomyopathy

BACKGROUND Variants in myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7) are responsible for disease in 1% to 5% of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, the clinical characteristics and natural history of MYH7-related DCM are poorly described. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the phenotype and prognosis of MYH7-related DCM. We also evaluated the influence of variant location on phenotypic expression. METHODS We studied clinical data from 147 individuals with DCM-causing MYH7 variants (47.6% female; 35.6 +/- 19.2 years) recruited from 29 international centers. RESULTS At initial evaluation, 106 (72.1%) patients had DCM (left ventricular ejection fraction: 34.5% +/- 11.7%). Median follow-up was 4.5 years (IQR: 1.7-8.0 years), and 23.7% of carriers who were initially phenotype-negative developed DCM. Phenotypic expression by 40 and 60 years was 46% and 88%, respectively, with 18 patients (16%) first diagnosed at <18 years of age. Thirty-six percent of patients with DCM met imaging criteria for LV noncompaction. During follow-up, 28% showed left ventricular reverse remodeling. Incidence of adverse cardiac events among patients with DCM at 5 years was 11.6%, with 5 (4.6%) deaths caused by end-stage heart failure (ESHF) and 5 patients (4.6%) requiring heart transplantation. The major ventricular arrhythmia rate was low (1.0% and 2.1% at 5 years in patients with DCM and in those with LVEF of <= 35%, respectively). ESHF and major ventricular arrhythmia were significantly lower compared with LMNA-related DCM and similar to DCM caused by TTN truncating variants. CONCLUSIONS MYH7-related DCM is characterized by early age of onset, high phenotypic expression, low left ventricular reverse remodeling, and frequent progression to ESHF. Heart failure complications predominate over ventricular arrhythmias, which are rare. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation