Instrumenta inscripta Tiluriensia

U ovom je radu predstavljena skupina pokretnih arheoloških nalaza s natpisima s područja rimskog legijskog logora Tilurija (danas selo Gardun kod Trilja). Znanstvenom analizom obuhvaćena je tzv. instrumenta inscripta, odnosno keramički, stakleni, koštani i metalni nalazi koji na sebi sadrže natpis i/ili pečat. Riječ je o nalazima iz sustavnih arheoloških istraživanja, kao i o nalazima koji su danas pohranjeni u Muzeju triljskog kraja u Trilju, Muzeju Cetinske krajine u Sinju, Arheološkoj zbirci Franjevačkog samostana u Sinju, Arheološkom muzeju u Splitu ili su zabilježeni u starijoj literaturi. Većina nalaza pripada razdoblju prve polovice i sredine 1. st. po. Kr., dok se pojedini nalazi mogu datirati i na sam kraj 1. st. pr. Kr. Njihova se datacija time uvelike preklapa s datacijom Tilurija kao rimskoga legijskog logora i kasnije logora pomoćnih postrojbi. Mali broj nalaza može se datirati u razdoblje prije nego što je Tilurij početkom 1. st. po. Kr. postao logor VII. legije. Isto tako mali broj nalaza svjedoči i o nastavku života u Tiluriju nakon što je prestao biti rimsko vojno uporište nakon sredine 3. st.199 Domagoj Tončinić Mirna Cvetko Croatia, 10000 Zagreb Archaeology Department Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb Ivana Lučića 3 [email protected] [email protected] UDC: 902/908(497.583Tilurij)“-0100/+0300”:069Muzej Triljskog kraj, Muzej Cetinske krajine, Arheološki muzej u Splitu, 902/908(497.583Tilurj)“-0100/+0300”]:2- 523.6(497.583Sinj) Advance notice Received: 17. 12. 2020. Accepted: 15. 2. 2021. Movable archaeological finds bearing inscriptions from the area of the Roman legionary fortress at Tilurium (today the village of Gardun near Trilj) are presented in this paper. The scholarly analysis encompassed the so-called instrumenta inscripta, i.e., the ceramic, glass, bone and metallic finds which have an inscription and/or stamp on them. These are finds yielded by systematic archaeological excavations, as well as finds today stored in the Trilj Regional Museum in Trilj, the Cetina Territorial Museum in Sinj, the Franciscan Monastery Archaeological Collection in Sinj, the Archaeological Museum in Split or finds recorded in the older scholarly literature. Most of the finds date to the period from the first half of the 1st century AD, while individual finds can be dated to the very end of the 1st century BC. Their dating thereby largely overlaps with the dating of Tilurium as a Roman legionary fortress and then a fort used by auxiliary contingents. A small number of finds can be dated to the period prior to the time when Tilurium became the fortress of Legio VII at the beginning of the 1st century AD. By the same token, a small number of finds testifies to the continuity of life in Tilurium once it ceased being a Roman military base after the mid-3rd century

Proceedings from the 8th and 9th Scientific Conference Methodology and Archaeometry

Methodology and Archaeometry (MetArh) is an annual scientific conference organized since 2013 by the Department of Archaeology of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb, and the Croatian Archaeological Society.The goal of the conference is to entice interdisciplinarity, critical thinking, new insights and approaches as well as new theoretical frameworks in contemporary archaeological science. It offers a wider perspective in observing methodology and methodological practices, also challenging traditional approaches in archaeological research, and following the creative adaptation of methods from other disciplines into archaeology. Also, it enables scholars to present their work, engage in discussion and motivate young scholars and archaeology students to pursue contemporary topics and present their research.This edition of the conference Proceedings contains twelve papers from the 8th and 9th MetArh conference which was held at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb. The 8th MetArh conference was held from 3rd – 4th of December 2020, and the 9th from 2nd – 3rd of December 2021 (https://metarh.ffzg.unizg.hr/).Due to COVID-19, both conferences were held on the online platform Hopin.to. It was very challenging to organize and realize the conference in a virtual format but, most importantly, it produced high-quality works some of which are published in this publication. Papers in this volume are focused on different aspects of archaeological methodology and archaeometry, including case studies from Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia and Ukraine.Methodology and Archaeometry (MetArh) is an annual scientific conference organized since 2013 by the Department of Archaeology of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb, and the Croatian Archaeological Society.The goal of the conference is to entice interdisciplinarity, critical thinking, new insights and approaches as well as new theoretical frameworks in contemporary archaeological science. It offers a wider perspective in observing methodology and methodological practices, also challenging traditional approaches in archaeological research, and following the creative adaptation of methods from other disciplines into archaeology. Also, it enables scholars to present their work, engage in discussion and motivate young scholars and archaeology students to pursue contemporary topics and present their research.This edition of the conference Proceedings contains twelve papers from the 8th and 9th MetArh conference which was held at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb. The 8th MetArh conference was held from 3rd – 4th of December 2020, and the 9th from 2nd – 3rd of December 2021 (https://metarh.ffzg.unizg.hr/).Due to COVID-19, both conferences were held on the online platform Hopin.to. It was very challenging to organize and realize the conference in a virtual format but, most importantly, it produced high-quality works some of which are published in this publication. Papers in this volume are focused on different aspects of archaeological methodology and archaeometry, including case studies from Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia and Ukraine

Traian and the Danubian Provinces. The political, economic and religious life in the Danubian Provinces: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on the Roman Danubian Provinces, Zagreb, 15th - 17th November 2017.

The “Department of Archaeology“ of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb gladly hosted the 4th International Conference on the Roman Danubian Provinces in 2017. The Conference was organized with the support of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb, the Croatian Archaeological Society, and the Croatian Science Foundation through the project 6505 Between the Danube and the Mediterranean. Exploring the role of Roman military in the mobility of people and goods in Croatia during the Roman Era. Since it was organized in Zagreb, the Conference remained in Pannonia, not far from Siscia, the capital of Pannonia Savia, and in the territory of the Res publica Andautoniensium. The main topic of the Conference was Traian and the Roman Danubian Provinces or, more specifically, the political, economic and religious life in the Danubian Provinces.(from the Foreword)The “Department of Archaeology“ of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb gladly hosted the 4th International Conference on the Roman Danubian Provinces in 2017. The Conference was organized with the support of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb, the Croatian Archaeological Society, and the Croatian Science Foundation through the project 6505 Between the Danube and the Mediterranean. Exploring the role of Roman military in the mobility of people and goods in Croatia during the Roman Era. Since it was organized in Zagreb, the Conference remained in Pannonia, not far from Siscia, the capital of Pannonia Savia, and in the territory of the Res publica Andautoniensium. The main topic of the Conference was Traian and the Roman Danubian Provinces or, more specifically, the political, economic and religious life in the Danubian Provinces.(from the Foreword

Traian and the Danubian Provinces. The political, economic and religious life in the Danubian Provinces: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on the Roman Danubian Provinces, Zagreb, 15th - 17th November 2017.

The “Department of Archaeology“ of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb gladly hosted the 4th International Conference on the Roman Danubian Provinces in 2017. The Conference was organized with the support of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb, the Croatian Archaeological Society, and the Croatian Science Foundation through the project 6505 Between the Danube and the Mediterranean. Exploring the role of Roman military in the mobility of people and goods in Croatia during the Roman Era. Since it was organized in Zagreb, the Conference remained in Pannonia, not far from Siscia, the capital of Pannonia Savia, and in the territory of the Res publica Andautoniensium. The main topic of the Conference was Traian and the Roman Danubian Provinces or, more specifically, the political, economic and religious life in the Danubian Provinces.(from the Foreword)The “Department of Archaeology“ of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb gladly hosted the 4th International Conference on the Roman Danubian Provinces in 2017. The Conference was organized with the support of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb, the Croatian Archaeological Society, and the Croatian Science Foundation through the project 6505 Between the Danube and the Mediterranean. Exploring the role of Roman military in the mobility of people and goods in Croatia during the Roman Era. Since it was organized in Zagreb, the Conference remained in Pannonia, not far from Siscia, the capital of Pannonia Savia, and in the territory of the Res publica Andautoniensium. The main topic of the Conference was Traian and the Roman Danubian Provinces or, more specifically, the political, economic and religious life in the Danubian Provinces.(from the Foreword

Stable population structure in Europe since the Iron Age, despite high mobility

Ancient DNA research in the past decade has revealed that European population structure changed dramatically in the prehistoric period (14,000–3000 years before present, YBP), reflecting the widespread introduction of Neolithic farmer and Bronze Age Steppe ancestries. However, little is known about how population structure changed from the historical period onward (3000 YBP - present). To address this, we collected whole genomes from 204 individuals from Europe and the Mediterranean, many of which are the first historical period genomes from their region (e.g. Armenia and France). We found that most regions show remarkable inter-individual heterogeneity. At least 7% of historical individuals carry ancestry uncommon in the region where they were sampled, some indicating cross-Mediterranean contacts. Despite this high level of mobility, overall population structure across western Eurasia is relatively stable through the historical period up to the present, mirroring geography. We show that, under standard population genetics models with local panmixia, the observed level of dispersal would lead to a collapse of population structure. Persistent population structure thus suggests a lower effective migration rate than indicated by the observed dispersal. We hypothesize that this phenomenon can be explained by extensive transient dispersal arising from drastically improved transportation networks and the Roman Empire’s mobilization of people for trade, labor, and military. This work highlights the utility of ancient DNA in elucidating finer scale human population dynamics in recent history

Instrumenta inscripta Tiluriensia

U ovom je radu predstavljena skupina pokretnih arheoloških nalaza s natpisima s područja rimskog legijskog logora Tilurija (danas selo Gardun kod Trilja). Znanstvenom analizom obuhvaćena je tzv. instrumenta inscripta, odnosno keramički, stakleni, koštani i metalni nalazi koji na sebi sadrže natpis i/ili pečat. Riječ je o nalazima iz sustavnih arheoloških istraživanja, kao i o nalazima koji su danas pohranjeni u Muzeju triljskog kraja u Trilju, Muzeju Cetinske krajine u Sinju, Arheološkoj zbirci Franjevačkog samostana u Sinju, Arheološkom muzeju u Splitu ili su zabilježeni u starijoj literaturi. Većina nalaza pripada razdoblju prve polovice i sredine 1. st. po. Kr., dok se pojedini nalazi mogu datirati i na sam kraj 1. st. pr. Kr. Njihova se datacija time uvelike preklapa s datacijom Tilurija kao rimskoga legijskog logora i kasnije logora pomoćnih postrojbi. Mali broj nalaza može se datirati u razdoblje prije nego što je Tilurij početkom 1. st. po. Kr. postao logor VII. legije. Isto tako mali broj nalaza svjedoči i o nastavku života u Tiluriju nakon što je prestao biti rimsko vojno uporište nakon sredine 3. st.199 Domagoj Tončinić Mirna Cvetko Croatia, 10000 Zagreb Archaeology Department Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Zagreb Ivana Lučića 3 [email protected] [email protected] UDC: 902/908(497.583Tilurij)“-0100/+0300”:069Muzej Triljskog kraj, Muzej Cetinske krajine, Arheološki muzej u Splitu, 902/908(497.583Tilurj)“-0100/+0300”]:2- 523.6(497.583Sinj) Advance notice Received: 17. 12. 2020. Accepted: 15. 2. 2021. Movable archaeological finds bearing inscriptions from the area of the Roman legionary fortress at Tilurium (today the village of Gardun near Trilj) are presented in this paper. The scholarly analysis encompassed the so-called instrumenta inscripta, i.e., the ceramic, glass, bone and metallic finds which have an inscription and/or stamp on them. These are finds yielded by systematic archaeological excavations, as well as finds today stored in the Trilj Regional Museum in Trilj, the Cetina Territorial Museum in Sinj, the Franciscan Monastery Archaeological Collection in Sinj, the Archaeological Museum in Split or finds recorded in the older scholarly literature. Most of the finds date to the period from the first half of the 1st century AD, while individual finds can be dated to the very end of the 1st century BC. Their dating thereby largely overlaps with the dating of Tilurium as a Roman legionary fortress and then a fort used by auxiliary contingents. A small number of finds can be dated to the period prior to the time when Tilurium became the fortress of Legio VII at the beginning of the 1st century AD. By the same token, a small number of finds testifies to the continuity of life in Tilurium once it ceased being a Roman military base after the mid-3rd century

A Combination of Ultrasound Characteristics with Macroscopic and Biochemical Features to Diagnose the Etiology of Lymphocytic Pleural Effusions

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to improve the diagnosis of lymphocytic pleural effusions (LPEs) by combining their ultrasound characteristics with their macroscopic and biochemical features. Methods: This prospective, single-center, clinical observational study was conducted over a period of three years. The possible malignant etiology of LPEs was assessed using several diagnostic criteria: 1. ultrasound characteristics of the LPEs; 2. typical combinations of macroscopic and ultrasound features; and 3. the logistic regression method with three parameters—pleural nodularity, absence of fibrin, and serum protein concentration. Results: Eighty-four patients with LPEs were included in this study. Pleural nodularity (first criterion) was an ultrasound characteristic that yielded the best individual results (p < 0.001) in the differentiation of malignant and nonmalignant etiologies of LPEs (accuracy 73.81%). The combination of the second and third criteria yielded the best results in the prediction of a malignant etiology of LPEs (sensitivity 90.48%, specificity 83.33%, PPV 84.44%, NPV 89.74%, accuracy 86.90%). Based on the results of this prospective study, a protocol for the diagnostic procedure of lymphocytic pleural effusions without a definitive fluid diagnosis has been proposed. Conclusions: A combination of the ultrasound characteristics of LPEs and their macroscopic and biochemical features has improved the predictive accuracy for the malignant etiology of LPEs

A genetic history of the Balkans from Roman frontier to Slavic migrations

The rise and fall of the Roman Empire was a socio-political process with enormous ramifications for human history. The Middle Danube was a crucial frontier and a crossroads for population and cultural movement. Here, we present genome-wide data from 136 Balkan individuals dated to the 1st millennium CE. Despite extensive militarization and cultural influence, we find little ancestry contribution from peoples of Italic descent. However, we trace a large-scale influx of people of Anatolian ancestry during the Imperial period. Between 250 and 550 CE, we detect migrants with ancestry from Central/Northern Europe and the Steppe, confirming that ‘‘barbarian’’ migrations were propelled by ethnically diverse confederations. Following the end of Roman control, we detect the large-scale arrival of individuals who were genetically similar to modern Eastern European Slavic-speaking populations, who contributed 30%–60% of the ancestry of Balkan people, representing one of the largest permanent demographic changes anywhere in Europe during the Migration Period

Stable population structure in Europe since the Iron Age, despite high mobility

International audienceAncient DNA research in the past decade has revealed that European populationstructure changed dramatically in the prehistoric period (14,000–3000 years before present, YBP),reflecting the widespread introduction of Neolithic farmer and Bronze Age Steppe ancestries.However, little is known about how population structure changed from the historical period onward(3000 YBP - present). To address this, we collected whole genomes from 204 individuals fromEurope and the Mediterranean, many of which are the first historical period genomes from theirregion (e.g. Armenia and France). We found that most regions show remarkable inter-individualheterogeneity. At least 7% of historical individuals carry ancestry uncommon in the region wherethey were sampled, some indicating cross-Mediterranean contacts. Despite this high level ofmobility, overall population structure across western Eurasia is relatively stable through the historicalperiod up to the present, mirroring geography. We show that, under standard population geneticsmodels with local panmixia, the observed level of dispersal would lead to a collapse of populationstructure. Persistent population structure thus suggests a lower effective migration rate than indi-cated by the observed dispersal. We hypothesize that this phenomenon can be explained by exten-sive transient dispersal arising from drastically improved transportation networks and the RomanEmpire’s mobilization of people for trade, labor, and military. This work highlights the utility ofancient DNA in elucidating finer scale human population dynamics in recent history