Embedding graphs having Ore-degree at most five

Let $H$ and $G$ be graphs on $n$ vertices, where $n$ is sufficiently large. We prove that if $H$ has Ore-degree at most 5 and $G$ has minimum degree at least $2n/3$ then $H\subset G.$Comment: accepted for publication at SIAM J. Disc. Mat

Relationship between Market Structure and Bank Performance: Empirical Evidence for Central and Eastern Europe

This study aims to assess the role of market structure in the pricing behaviour and profitability of Central and Eastern European banks. In order to determine the most important variables related to the banks' pricing behaviour and profitability, we create a simple Cournot model. Then using these exogenous variables we build non-formal equations for testing the SCP (structure-conduct-performance) and the RMP (relative market power) hypotheses. Using the data of individual banks of eight Central and Eastern European countries in the period of 1998-2001 the tests reject the SCP hypothesis, but confirm the RMP hypothesis. In addition, we show that other factors, such as costs, risks, reserve ratio as well as the depth of bank intermediation also play an important role in banks' performance.bank performance, market structure, market power.

Competition in the Hungarian Banking Market

This paper investigates the degree of bank competition in Hungary on various submarkets. An overview of stylised facts on the market structure, pricing behaviour and entry barriers suggests that the degree of competition may be rather different in the individual submarkets. Looking at the pricing practice of Hungarian banks, a possible use of market power may be conjectured in consumer lending. By contrast, it may be presumed that competitive pricing prevails in the corporate lending market. We prove our assumption by using the Bresnahan model, which belongs to the non-structural approaches of measuring competition. We conducted our empirical investigation using different measures of output, i.e. interest-bearing assets, loans, interest-bearing liabilities and deposits, for the period between December 1996 and September 2003. In respect of consumer loans, we analysed a panel sample for a shorter time horizon, i.e. the period between March 2001 and September 2003. Based on our results, it is safe to assume that the degree of competition in the loan and deposit markets falls between perfect competition and the Cournot equilibrium. In contrast, the consumer credit market is characterised by a much lower degree of competition, i.e. between Cournot equilibrium and perfect collusion. In addition to measuring competition, we attempted to determine losses in consumer surplus caused by banks, as well as the degree of the market power (measured by the Lerner index).market structure, degree of competition and market power.

Singularities and stable homotopy groups of spheres I

We establish an interesting connection between Morin singularities and stable homotopy groups of spheres. We apply this connection to computations of cobordism groups of certain singular maps. The differentials of the spectral sequence computing these cobordism groups are given by the composition multiplication in the stable homotopy groups of spheres.Comment: 39 pages, 1 figure, revised again for Journal of Singularitie

Investigation and simulation of the Planetary Combination Hybrid Electric Vehicle

The purpose of this study was the detailed examination of a Planetary Combination Hybrid Electric Vehicle design (PC-Hybrid). The PC-Hybrid unites all the advantages of the existing hybrid electric vehicle powertrain concepts, such as series, parallel and combination, while eliminating the disadvantages of each.;The PC-Hybrid powertrain is built up of an internal combustion engine, and two electric motor/alternators connected together via a planetary gear set. Several different powertrain configuration layouts were investigated as possible setups of the PC-Hybrid and the two most promising ones were chosen for further investigation and simulation. A control strategy has been developed for the optimal operation PC-Hybrid configurations. A computer program was written to simulate the fuel economy of the PC-Hybrid.;A Hybrid Vehicle Simulator, HVSim (developed at WVU), was used as the basis of the computer simulation and was used to compare the fuel consumption of the PC-Hybrid design to a baseline conventional vehicle setup as well as to the currently existing hybrid electric vehicle configurations. The program uses a backward-looking simulation model that calculates the speed and torque required of the engine, the motor and the alternator for a given driving cycle. Once the engine, motor and alternator speed and torque are calculated, HVSim uses efficiency maps of the engine and motor to define their efficiency. Using the instantaneous efficiency HVSim defines the power loss in each component and calculates the fuel consumption of the simulated vehicle.;The simulation results show that the fuel economy of the PC-Hybrid is better than that of a comparable Series HEV on the FTP City cycle and better than that of a comparable Parallel HEV on the Highway FET cycle while maintaining similar performance to the stock conventional vehicle. In addition the exhaust gas emissions may be reduced, compared to conventional vehicle or a parallel HEV, due to the reduced requirement for transient engine operation