Predicció de lesions esportives mitjançant models matemàtics

Les lesions esportives que afecten els membres inferiors en els esports de més impacte, com l'atletisme o el basquetbol, es poden predir mitjançant l'ús d'equacions de regressió logística. El primer índex predictor de lesions va ser descrit per Shambaugh el 1991, emprant com a variables dependents el desequilibri del pes en suport bipodal i la desviació de l'angle Q del quàdriceps. Salazar (2000) va desenvolupar una fórmula matemàtica predictora de lesions basada en la de Shambaugh mitjançant una equació de regressió logística i Fernández (2004) ha introduït el gruix de la cuixa com a variable transcendent en la predicció de lesions, en aportar una equació més precisa. Aquestes investigacions mostren que l'anàlisi de regressió logística pot ser un mètode vàlid en la discriminació de paràmetres antropomètrics relacionats amb les lesions esportives, tot aportant un mètode fiable i senzill que es podria utilitzar en la pràctica mèdica esportiva habitual

Predicción de lesiones deportivas mediante modelos matemáticos

Las lesiones deportivas que afectan a los miembros inferiores en los deportes de más impacto, como atletismo o baloncesto, se pueden predecir mediante el uso de ecuaciones de regresión logística. El primer índice predictor de lesiones fue descrito por Shambaugh en 1991, empleando como variables dependientes el desequilibrio del peso en apoyo bipodal y la desviación del ángulo Q del cuadriceps. Salazar (2000) desarrolló una fórmula matemática predictora de lesiones basada en la de Shambaugh mediante una ecuación de regresión logística y Fernández (2004) introdujo el grosor del muslo como variable trascendente en la predicción de lesiones, aportando una ecuación más precisa. Estas investigaciones muestran que el análisis de regresión logística puede ser un método válido en la discriminación de parámetros antropométricos relacionados con las lesiones deportivas, aportando un método fiable y sencillo que se podría utilizar en la práctica médica deportiva habitual

Active Teaching Methodologies Improve Cognitive Performance and Attention-Concentration in University Students

The scientific literature shows a beneficial association between active methodologies and cognitive variables in university students. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between active methodologies in Physical Education and attention and concentration in a group of university students A total of forty-four undergraduate students from Pontifical University of Comillas of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain, participated in the present investigation (age: 20.48 +/- 1.37 years; height: 170.77 +/- 9.11 cm; weight: 68.84 +/- 8.29 kg; body mass index: 23.51 +/- 1.54). A D2 attention test was used to analyse their selective attention and concentration. Active methodologies were used to improve the students' physical fitness, reflected in their VO2max, which was evaluated using an incremental cycloergometer test. A correlation analysis performed between the active methodologies used to improve physical fitness measures and the D2 test revealed a negative moderate correlation between HRmax and TR, TA and TR- (r = -0.30, p = 0.04; r = -0.38, p = 0.01; and r = -0.35, p = 0.02, respectively), and a positive moderate correlation between HRmax and C (r = -0.32, p = 0.03). Finally, a negative moderate correlation was found between VT and C (r = -0.48, p = 0.001). This correlation analysis was reinforced by the results of a regression analysis. In summary, the present research revealed that university students with better aerobic fitness, achieved through active methodologies and reflected in VT and higher HRmax, obtained better values in TA, TR and C. University students should be encouraged to engage in regular physical activity through active methodologies that tend to increase physical fitness

Effects of lng Mutations on LngA Expression, Processing, and CS21 Assembly in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli E9034A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of morbidity in children under 5 years of age in low- and middle-income countries and a leading cause of traveler's diarrhea worldwide. The ability of ETEC to colonize the intestinal epithelium is mediated by fimbrial adhesins, such as CS21 (Longus). This adhesin is a type IVb pilus involved in adherence to intestinal cells in vitro and bacterial self-aggregation. Fourteen open reading frames have been proposed to be involved in CS21 assembly, hitherto only the lngA and lngB genes, coding for the major (LngA) and minor (LngB) structural subunit, have been characterized. In this study, we investigated the role of the LngA, LngB, LngC, LngD, LngH, and LngP proteins in the assembly of CS21 in ETEC strain E9034A. The deletion of the lngA, lngB, lngC, lngD, lngH, or lngP genes, abolished CS21 assembly in ETEC strain E9034A and adherence to HT-29 cells was reduced 90%, compared to wild-type strain. Subcellular localization prediction of CS21 proteins was similar to other well-known type IV pili homologues. We showed that LngP is the prepilin peptidase of LngA, and that ETEC strain E9034A has another peptidase capable of processing LngA, although with less efficiency. Additionally, we present immuno-electron microscopy imagens to show that the LngB protein could be localized at the tip of CS21, and probably helps to control CS21 length. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the LngA, LngB, LngC, LngD, LngH, and LngP proteins are essential for CS21 assembly, as well as for bacterial aggregation and adherence to HT-29 cells

Análisis técnico y económico de sistemas de dehesas y montados (1991-1993)

Los sistemas agroforestales mediterráneos de dehesas y de montados ocupan una superficie superior a los 10 millones de hectáreas en el oeste y suroeste de la península Ibérica. La mitad de esta superficie se encuentra arbolada y la otra mitad corresponde al matorral, al pasto natural y a los cultivos extensivos desarbolados. Las dehesas y los montados mantienen una carga ganadera de más de 16 millones de ovejas equivalentes, correspondiendo dicha carga ganadera en más de un 90% a los ganados bovino y ovino extensivos.El objetivo general que quiere abordar esta investigación es cómo pueden compatibilizarse la continuidad de los aprovechamientos comerciales privados al mismo tiempo que se satisfacen las nuevas demandas del público relativas a la conservación y disfrute de los valores ambientales de los sistemas adehesados (dehesas y montados). Este objetivo genérico es investigado a través de cuatro objetivos específicos: (a) aplicación de un nuevo sistema de cuentas agroforestales; (b) descripción de la gestión productiva de cuatro subsistemas adehesados (pasto-encinar, pasto-alcornocal, pasto-alcornocal/forestal y pasto desarbolado); (c) análisis económico de los efectos del mercado y de la intervención pública en relación a la rentabilidad y la conservación de los recursos naturales de los sistemas adehesados; y (d) análisis de los efectos de la gestión productiva de los sistemas adehesados sobre una selección de sus valores ambientales de flora y fauna más característicos.La importancia superficial y la notable diversidad de los valores comerciales y ambientales de los sistemas adehesados ibéricos no les han hecho acreedores a ser objeto de investigaciones económicas continuadas, excepto los estudios puntuales realizados con anterioridad a este proyecto de tres de los investigadores participantes. El carácter pionero de esta investigación añade un interés adicional a los derivados de sus objetivos específicos.Peer reviewe

Effect of viral storm in patients admitted to intensive care units with severe COVID-19 in Spain: a multicentre, prospective, cohort study

Background: The contribution of the virus to the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate associations between viral RNA load in plasma and host response, complications, and deaths in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: We did a prospective cohort study across 23 hospitals in Spain. We included patients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted to an intensive care unit between March 16, 2020, and Feb 27, 2021. RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid region 1 (N1) was quantified in plasma samples collected from patients in the first 48 h following admission, using digital PCR. Patients were grouped on the basis of N1 quantity: VIR-N1-Zero (2747 N1 copies per mL). The primary outcome was all-cause death within 90 days after admission. We evaluated odds ratios (ORs) for the primary outcome between groups using a logistic regression analysis. Findings: 1068 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 117 had insufficient plasma samples and 115 had key information missing. 836 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 403 (48%) were in the VIR-N1-Low group, 283 (34%) were in the VIR-N1-Storm group, and 150 (18%) were in the VIR-N1-Zero group. Overall, patients in the VIR-N1-Storm group had the most severe disease: 266 (94%) of 283 patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), 116 (41%) developed acute kidney injury, 180 (65%) had secondary infections, and 148 (52%) died within 90 days. Patients in the VIR-N1-Zero group had the least severe disease: 81 (54%) of 150 received IMV, 34 (23%) developed acute kidney injury, 47 (32%) had secondary infections, and 26 (17%) died within 90 days (OR for death 0·30, 95% CI 0·16-0·55; p<0·0001, compared with the VIR-N1-Storm group). 106 (26%) of 403 patients in the VIR-N1-Low group died within 90 days (OR for death 0·39, 95% CI 0·26-0·57; p<0·0001, compared with the VIR-N1-Storm group). Interpretation: The presence of a so-called viral storm is associated with increased all-cause death in patients admitted to the intensive care unit with severe COVID-19. Preventing this viral storm could help to reduce poor outcomes. Viral storm could be an enrichment marker for treatment with antivirals or purification devices to remove viral components from the blood.This work was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FONDO-COVID19, COV20/00110, CIBERES, 06/06/0028; AT), Proyectos de Investigación en Salud (PI19/00590; JFB-M), Miguel Servet (CP20/00041; DdG-C), Sara Borrell (CD018/0123; APT), and Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud (FI20/00278; AdF). We also received funds from Programa de Donaciones Estar Preparados, UNESPA (Madrid, Spain), and from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR OV2–170357; DJK and JFB-M), Research Nova Scotia, Li-Ka Shing Foundation (DJK), and finally by a Research Grant 2020 from ESCMID (APT). COV20/00110, PI19/00590, CP20/00041, CD018/0123, FI20/00278 were co-funded by European Regional Development Fund and European Social Fund (A way to make Europe, and Investing in your future). We thank the IRB-Lleida Biobank 119 (B.0000682) and Plataforma Biobancos PT17/0015/0027 in Lleida, the Hospital Clinic Barcelona (HCB)-IDIBAPS biobank in Barcelona, and the National DNA Bank and the Hospital Universitario de Salamanca biobank (both in Salamanca) for their logistical support with sample processing and storage. We are indebted to the Fundació Glòria Soler for its contribution and support to the COVIDBANK of HCBIDIBAPS Biobank. This work was not supported by any pharmaceutical company or other agency.S

Filosofía, Ciencia y Cine: interpretaciones filosóficas de las ciencias y sus repercusiones sociales en la ciencia ficción

Este proyecto de innovación docente se centra en el uso filosófico de herramientas audiovisuales en el género de la ciencia ficción con el objetivo de promover la reflexión crítica de conceptos y contenidos particularmente abstractos y transdisciplinares

Diseño, creación y difusión de Objetos de Aprendizaje para el desarrollo de la competencia informacional

Memoria ID-0277. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015