566 research outputs found
Determination Of The Adaptability And Stability Of Soybean Cultivars In Different Locations And At Different Sowing Times In Paraná State Using The Ammi And Eberhart And Russel Methods
This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and phenotypic stability of 10 soybean genotypes in 12 environments in Paraná state by using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis (AMMI) and Eberhart and Russell models. The assays were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates, in the 2010/2011 season in four locations in Paraná state (Assaí, São Pedro do Ivaí, Cornélio Procópio, and Marilândia do Sul), and with three sowing dates (15/-20/10/10; 29/10-03/11/10; 15/-20/11/10). The cultivars tested with Roundup Ready® technology included SYN 1049, SYN 1152, SYN 1059, SYN 3358, SYN 1163, SYN 1157, V-MAX, FT Campo Mourão, BMX Potência, and SYN 9070. The yield character was analyzed. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and the adaptability and stability were then analyzed. The results of the AMMI and Eberhart and Russell models were somewhat consistent for the stability parameter only. The AMMI analysis was able to capture 66% of the variance associated with residue no additives, of which 43.18% was retained in the first principal component of interaction and 23.58%, in the second component. This is sufficient to explain the genotype × environment interaction. The SYN 1059, SYN 1163, and VMAX genotypes are distinguished by their considerably higher yield and productive adaptation. In the AMMI analysis, the cultivar SYN 1163 showed commercial promise among the other cultivars for high grain yield performance, adaptation, and response predictability.3763973398
Comparative Bioavailability Of Two Quetiapine Formulations In Healthy Volunteers After A Single Dose Administration
The study was performed to compare the bioavailability of two quetiapine 25 mg tablet formulations: the test formulation was quetiapine fumarate (kitapen®) manufactured by Cobalt Pharmaceuticals, Canada/ Arrow Farmacêutica Ltda* (Erowlabs). Seroquel® (quetiapine) from Astrazeneca Brazil was used as reference formulation. The study was conducted open with randomized two period crossover design and one week wash out period in 64 volunteers of both sexes. Plasma samples were obtained over a 48 hour interval. Quetiapine was analyzed by LC-MS-MS in the presence of quetiapine-D8 as internal standard. Plasma samples were obtained over a 48 hour interval. Quetiapine was analyzed by LC-MS-MS in the presence of quetiapine-D8 as internal standard. The mean ratio of parameters Cmax and AUC 0-t and 90% confidence intervals of correspondents were calculated to determine the bioequivalence. The means AUC 0-t for test and reference formulation were 432.41 ng.h/mL and 412.20 ng.h/mL, for AUC 0-∞ were 440.06 ng.h/mL and 418.90 ng.h/mL and, for Cmax 126.94 ng/mL and 108.71 ng/mL, respectively. Geometric mean of quetiapine (kitapen®)/Seroquel® 25 mg individual percent ratio was 97.68% AUC 0-t, 97.47% for AUC 0-∞ and 90.68% for C max. The 90% confidence intervals were 92.67 - 102.96%, 92.53 - 102.67%, 83.37 - 98.64%, respectively. Since the 90% confidence intervals for C max, AUC 0-t and AUC 0-∞ were within the 80 - 125% interval proposed by Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that quetiapine (kitapen®) 25 mg tablet was bioequivalent to Seroquel® 25 mg tablet according to both the rate and extent of absorption. © 2011 Junior EA, et al.38178181Barrett, B., Capek, H.M., Huclova, J., Borek-Dohalsky, V., Fejt, P., Validated HPLC-MS/MS method for determination of quetiapine in human plasma (2007) Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 44, pp. 498-505DeVane, C.L., Nemeroff, C.B., Clinical Pharmacokinetics of quetiapine: An Atypical Antipsychotic (2001) Clinical Pharmacokinet, 40, pp. 509-522Kasper, S., Müller-Spahn, F., Review of quetiapine and its clinical applications in schizophrenia (2000) Expert Opin Pharmacother, 1, pp. 783-801Tilden, D., Aristides, M., Meddis, D., Burns, T., An economic assessment of quetiapine and haloperidol in patients with schizophrenia only partially responsive to conventional antipsychotics (2002) Clin Ther., 24, pp. 1648-1667Mario, A., Michael, E., The Role of Quetiapine Extended Release in the Treatment of Bipolar Depression (2010) Adv Ther, 27, pp. 1-11Keck, P., McIntyre, R., Shelton, R., Bipolar depression: Best practices for the outpatient (2007) CNS Spectr., 12, pp. 1-16Judd, L., Akishal, H., Schettler, P., The long-term natural history of the weekly symptomatic status of bipolar I disorder (2002) Arch Gen Psychiatry., 59, pp. 530-537Goldstein, J.M., Atypical antipsychotic drugs: Beyond acute psychosis, new directions (1999) Emerging Drugs, 4, pp. 127-151Abi-Dargham, A., Laruelle, M., Aghajanian, G.K., Charney, D., Krystal, J., The role of serotonin in the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia (1997) J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, 9, pp. 1-17Kapur, S., Remington, G., Serotonin-dopamine interaction and its relevance to schizophrenia (1996) Am J Psychiatry, 153, pp. 466-476Calabrese, J.R., Keck Jr., P.E., McFadden, W., Minkwitz, M., Ketter, T.A., Weisler, R.H., Cutler, A.J., Mullen, J., A randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial of quetiapine in the treatment of bipolar I or II depression (2005) Am J Psychiatry, 162, pp. 1351-1360Copolov, D.L., Kowalcyk, B., A multicentre, double-blind, randomized comparison of quetiapine and haloperidol in schizophrenia (2000) Psychol Med, 30, pp. 95-105Figueroa, C., Brecher, M., Hamer-Maansson, J., Pharmacokinetic profiles of extended release quetiapine fumarate compared with quetiapine immediate release (2009) Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry, 33, pp. 199-204Goldstein, J.M., Litwin, L.C., Sutton, E.B., Malick, J.B., Seroquel: Electrophysiological profile of a potential atypical antipsychotic (1993) Psychopharmacology, 112, pp. 293-298Kasper, S., Tauscher, J., Küfferle, B., Barnas, C., Pezawas, L., Dopamine and serotonin-receptors in schizophrenia: Results of imaging-studies and implications for pharmacology in schizophrenia (1999) Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci., 249, pp. 83-89Peuskens, J., A comparison of quetiapine and chlorpromazine in the treatment of schizophrenia (1997) Acta Psychiatr Scand, 96, pp. 265-273Saller, F., Salama, A.I., Seroquel: Biochemical profile of a potential atypical antipsychotic (1993) Psychopharmacology, 112, pp. 285-292Thase, M.E., McFadden, W., Weisler, R., Efficacy of quetiapine monotherapy in bipolar I and II depression: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study (2006) J Clin Psychopharmacol, 26, pp. 600-609Vieta, E., Mullen, J., Brecher, M., Paulsson, B., Jones, M., Quetiapine monotherapy for mania associated with bipolar disorder: Combined analysis of two international, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled studies (2005) Curr Med Res Opin, 21, pp. 923-93
Multiphonon and ``hot''-phonon Isovector Electric-Dipole Excitations
We argue that a substantial increase in the cross section for Coulomb
excitation in the region of the Double Giant Dipole Resonance should be
expected from Coulomb excitation of excited states involved in the spreading of
the one-phonon resonance, in a manifestation of the Brink-Axel phenomenon. This
generates an additional fluctuating amplitude and a corresponding new term to
be added incoherently to the usual cross-section. The appropriate extension of
an applicable reaction calculation is considered in order to estimate this
effect.Comment: 6 pages, Latex, 1 figure available on reques
Experimental bladder carcinogenesis – rodent models
Several rodent models of bladder cancer development have been established. The aim of this review article is to provide a critical
assessment of different animal models available for the study of bladder carcinogenesis, its chemoprevention and therapy. All, except
for transgenic and knockout animals, require 8–12 months experimental periods in order to generate a high yield of neoplasias.
Spontaneous bladder tumor models are extremely rare. The significance of the results from animal experiments is dependent upon the
selection of a suitable animal model. There are no rules regarding the choice of a model, it is however very useful to have knowledge
of relevant comparative medical aspects concerning this subject. We describe chemical carcinogens most commonly used to induce
bladder cancer, pellet implantation and urinary calculi, agents that promote bladder cancer, and irradiation. We also evaluated
other tools such as cell cultures, tumor implantation and transgenic models for bladder cancer, that have been developed to study
the process. The review considers how several imaging techniques can be applied to study rodent bladder carcinogenesis.Для изучения механизмов развития рака мочевого пузыря было создано несколько экспериментальных моделей на гры-
зунах. Целью обзора была сравнительная оценка различных экспериментальных моделей для изучения канцерогенеза
мочевого пузыря, профилактики и терапии. За исключением трансгенных и нокаутных животных, для получения высокого
выхода опухолей в любой экспериментальной модели требуется 8–12 мес. Модели спонтанного канцерогенеза мочевого
пузыря крайне редки. Выбор экспериментальной модели с определенными параметрами определяет значимость получен-
ных результатов. В статье описаны различные методики, используемые для индукции рака мочевого пузыря in vivo, ряд
методических подходов, таких как культура клеток, имплантация опухоли и трансгенные модели рака мочевого пузыря
и современные методы мониторинга опухолевой прогрессии
miR-23~27~24 clusters control effector T cell differentiation and function
Coordinated repression of gene expression by evolutionarily conserved microRNA (miRNA) clusters and paralogs ensures that miRNAs efficiently exert their biological impact. Combining both loss- and gain-of-function genetic approaches, we show that the miR-23~27~24 clusters regulate multiple aspects of T cell biology, particularly helper T (Th) 2 immunity. Low expression of this miRNA family confers proper effector T cell function at both physiological and pathological settings. Further studies in T cells with exaggerated regulation by individual members of the miR-23~27~24 clusters revealed that miR-24 and miR-27 collaboratively limit Th2 responses through targeting IL-4 and GATA3 in both direct and indirect manners. Intriguingly, although overexpression of the entire miR-23 cluster also negatively impacts other Th lineages, enforced expression of miR-24, in contrast to miR-23 and miR-27, actually promotes the differentiation of Th1, Th17, and induced regulatory T cells, implying that under certain conditions, miRNA families can fine tune the biological effects of their regulation by having individual members antagonize rather than cooperate with each other. Together, our results identify a miRNA family with important immunological roles and suggest that tight regulation of miR-23~27~24 clusters in T cells is required to maintain optimal effector function and to prevent aberrant immune responses
Striped antiferromagnetic order and electronic properties of stoichiometric LiFeAs from first-principles calculations
We investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of
stoichiometric LiFeAs by using state-of-the-arts first-principles method. We
find the magnetic ground-state by comparing the total energies among all the
possible magnetic orders. Our calculated internal positions of Li and As are in
good agreement with experiment. Our results show that stoichiometric LiFeAs has
almost the same striped antiferromagnetic spin order as other FeAs-based parent
compounds and tetragonal FeSe do, and the experimental fact that no magnetic
phase transition has been observed at finite temperature is attributed to the
tiny inter-layer spin coupling
Surface ablation of RbTiOPO4 by femtosecond laser
We report here the results obtained in surface ablation of RbTiOPO4 single crystals by femtosecond laser. We fabricated and characterized one-dimensional (1D) diffraction gratings with different lattice spacings of 15 and 20 μm, and with a sub-modulation of the period introduced in the later. The optical and electronic microscopy characterization and filling factor analysis of these diffraction gratings are reported. We also show that the roughness generated on the grooves by the ablation process can be improved by chemical etching.This work was partially funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Program under Project Cleanspace FP7-SPACE-2010-1-GA-263044, supported by the Spanish Government under Projects PI09/90527, TEC2009-09551, AECID A/024560/09, FIS2009-09522, HOPE CSD2007-00007 and SAUUL CSD2007-00013 (Consolider-Ingenio 2010), by Catalan Government under Projects 2009SGR235 and 2009SGR549, by Junta de Castilla y León under Project GR27, and by the Research Center on Engineering of Materials and Systems (EMaS) of the URV. J.J.C. is supported by the Education and Science Ministry of Spain and European Social Fund under the Ramón y Cajal program, RYC2006-858. We also acknowledge support from the Centro de Laseres Pulsados, CLPU, Salamanca, Spain
Maximizing the potency of oxaliplatin coated nanoparticles with folic acid for modulating tumor progression in colorectal cancer
One of the challenges of nanotechnology is to improve the efficacy of treatments for diseases, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality rates. Following this line of study, we made a nanoparticle formulation with a small size, uniform surfaces, and a satisfactory encapsulation coefficient as a target for colorectal cancer cells. The results of binding and uptake prove that using the target system with folic acid works: Using this system, cytotoxicity and cell death are increased when compared to using free oxaliplatin. The data show that the system maximized the efficiency of oxaliplatin in modulating tumor progression, increasing apoptosis and decreasing resistance to the drug. Thus, for the first time, our findings suggest that PLGA-PEG-FA increases the antitumor effectiveness of oxaliplatin by functioning as a facilitator of drug delivery in colorectal cancer.Radiolog
Polarized x-ray absorption spectra of CuGeO3 at the Cu and Ge K edges
Polarized x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectra at both the Cu
and the Ge K-edges of CuGeO3 are measured and calculated relying on the
real-space multiple-scattering formalism within a one-electron approach. The
polarization components are resolved not only in the unit cell coordinate
system but also in a local frame attached to the nearest neighborhood of the
photoabsorbing Cu atom. In that way, features which resist a particular
theoretical description can be identified. We have found that it is the
out-of-CuO4-plane p_{z'} component which defies the one-electron calculation
based on the muffin-tin potential. For the Ge K-edge XANES, the agreement
between the theory and the experiment appears to be better for those
polarization components which probe more compact local surroundings than for
those which probe regions with lower atomic density. Paper published in Phys.
Rev. B 66, 155119 (2002) and available on-line at
http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v66/e155119.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures. Published in Physical Review B, abstract
available on-line at http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/e15511
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