Editorial

Revista Saúde.co

First report of free-living amoebae in sewage treatment plants in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil

Free-living amoebae (FLA) are amphizoic protozoans with a cosmopolitan distribution. Some strains of species are associated with infections in humans. They feed on microorganisms by phagocytosis; however, some of these can become endocytobionts by resisting this process and taking shelter inside the amoeba. The whole world is experiencing increasing shortage of water, and sewage is being reused, so the study of this environment is important in public health context. The objective of this work was to identify FLA present in sewage treatment plants in Porto Alegre, Brazil. About 1 L samples were collected from eight stations (raw and treated sewage) in January, February, July, and August 2022. The samples were sown in monoxenic culture, and the isolated amoebae were subjected to morphological and molecular identifi- cation. Polymerase chain reaction results indicated the presence of the genus Acanthamoeba in 100% of the samples. Gene sequencing showed the presence of Acanthamoeba lenticulata and Acanthamoeba polyphaga - T5 and T4 genotypes - respectively, which are related to pathogenicity. The environment where the sewage is released can be used in recreational activities, exposing individuals to potential interactions with these amoebae and their potential endocytobionts, which may pose risks to public health

Post-mortem characterization of Dorper x Santa Inês lambs fed diets containing alternative foods

The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-mortem characteristics of lambs fed diets containing alternative foods. Twenty lambs, castrated Dorper x Santa Inês males, aged approximately 90 days and with mean weight of 20 kg were used. Experimental diets were composed of ground corn, soybean meal, mineral supplement, urea and Tifton-85 hay (forage). In addition to these ingredients, cottonseed, sunflower meal and castor bean cake were used as alternative foods in the proportions of 10, 8 and 8% of %DM, respectively. The experiment lasted 106 days, with 14 days for adaptation and 92 days for evaluation and data collection. At the end of the confinement period, the lambs were slaughtered, and the carcasses kept under cooling for a period of 24 hours. The measurements of pH, carcass temperature (internal and external) were measured in the Longissimus lumborum muscle, as well as the temperature and relative humidity of the cold chamber were measured. Muscle pH was altered as a function of diet and reached a value of 5.78 (lower pH) when lambs received the diet with castor bean cake. The internal carcass temperature was higher in the lambs that received the diet containing cottonseed (19.98°C), sunflower meal (19.71°C) and castor bean cake (19.87°C). The alternative foods can be used as ingredients in the formulation of diets for Dorper x Santa Inês lamb, for promoting the proper development of the post-mortem process, characteristic of good quality sheep meat.The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-mortem characteristics of lambs fed diets containing alternative foods. Twenty Dorper x Santa Inês castrated male lambs were used.  The experimental diets were composed of ground corn, soybean meal, mineral supplement, urea, and Tifton-85 hay (forage). In addition to these ingredients, cottonseed, sunflower meal, and castor bean cake were used as alternative foods in the proportions of 10, 8, and 8% of %DM, respectively. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments (diets) and five replicates (lambs). The experiment lasted 106 days, with 14 days for adaptation and 92 days for evaluation and data collection. At the end of the confinement period, the lambs were slaughtered and the carcasses kept under cooling for a period of 24 hours. The pH and carcass temperature (internal and external) were measured in the Longissimus lumborum muscle. The temperature and relative humidity of the cold chamber were obtained. Muscle pH was altered as a function of diet and reached a value of 5.78 (lower pH) when lambs received the diet with castor bean cake. The internal carcass temperature was higher in the lambs that received the diet containing cottonseed (19.98°C), sunflower meal (19.71°C), and castor bean cake (19.87°C). The muscle pH correlated in a moderate and positive way with the temperature of the carcass (internal and external) and of the cold chamber, in the different diets evaluated. There was positive correlation with values ranging from moderate to high between humidity of the cold chamber and the temperature (internal and external of the carcass; and of the cold chamber). The alternative foods can be used as ingredients in the formulation of diets for Dorper x Santa Inês lambs, as it promoted the proper development of the post-mortem process, which is characteristic of good quality sheep meat

Percepção da equipe multiprofissional infanto-juvenil cardiovascular sobre a integralidade

O objetivo desse artigo foi analisar a percepção da equipe multidisciplinar em relação ao princípio da integralidade no atendimento infanto-juvenil na Fundação Pública Estadual Hospital de Clínicas Gaspar Vianna – FPHCGV, referência em serviços de cardiopediatria em Belém, no Estado do Pará. Realizou-se estudo qualitativo, utilizando-se entrevistas semiestruturadas. A sistematização e a interpretação dos dados foram realizados pela análise de conteúdo definida por Minayo1 (2008). Os resultados do estudo apontaram lacunas na efetivação da assistência integral destinada ao público infanto-juvenil nos serviços de saúde, conforme revelado nas falas dos profissionais, além das dificuldades ao acesso à rede de serviços de cardiopediatria, a falta de assistência ao familiar no período de hospitalização que ocasiona empecilhos e repercussões no cuidado desses sujeitos, a falta de infraestrutura para efetivação do atendimento aos usuários considerando as peculiaridades destes, assim como, à falta de diálogo entre os membros da equipe e a não participação nas atividades em grupo, além da constatação da presença do modelo hospitalocêncrico presente em detrimento da prática interdisciplinar nas instituições de saúde

Body composition and nutritional requirements for magnesium, potassium and sodium of Santa Inês lambs

O trabalho objetivou determinar a composição corporal de cordeiros Santa Inês e estimar suas exigências de magnésio, potássio e sódio, para ganho de peso. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos com 18 cordeiros machos em cada um, com peso médio inicial de 25 e 15 kg no primeiro e no segundo experimentos, respectivamente. Em cada experimento, seis animais foram abatidos, para determinação das quantidades de cada mineral retido no corpo, servindo como animais-referência para a técnica do abate comparativo. Os doze animais remanescentes em cada experimento foram divididos em dois grupos: seis animais receberam alimentação ad libitum e seis receberam alimentação restrita. Os cordeiros do grupo ad libitum e restrito foram abatidos quando os do grupo ad libitum atingiram 35 e 25 kg de peso vivo no primeiro e segundo experimentos, respectivamente. A composição corporal em Ca, P, Mg, K e Na foi estimada a partir de equações de regressão do logaritmo da quantidade desses minerais presentes no corpo vazio dos animais, em razão do peso corporal vazio. As exigências líquidas desses minerais por kg de ganho de peso vivo, obtidas a partir da derivação das equações de predição da composição corporal foram: 0,47 e 0,41 g de Mg, 2,32 e 2,05 g de K e 1,33 e 0,55 g de Na, respectivamente, em animais com 15 e 35 kg.This study was carried out in order to determine body composition in magnesium, potassium and sodium requirements for weight gain in Santa Inês lambs. Two experiments were conducted using 18 animals in each one: in the first experiment, animals with mean initial live weight of 25 kg were used; in the second, animals with initial live weight of 15 kg were used. Six animals were slaughtered at the beginning of each experiment, in order to determine the amount of each mineral retained in the animals' body, as check animals for comparative slaughter technique. The remaining twelve animals were divided in two groups: six animals were ad libitum fed and six animals were restrictedly fed. The animals ad libitum and restrictedly fed were slaughtered when the first reached 35 and 25 kg of live weight, in the first and in the second experiments, respectively. Their body composition was estimated through the prediction equations obtained from the regression of the logarithm of the amount of Mg, K, and Na in the empty body on the logarithm of the empty body weight. The net requirements for gain were obtained through derivation of the body composition prediction equation. Net requirements of Mg, K and Na for kg of live weight gain for lambs with 15 and 35 kg of live weight were, respectively: 0.47 and 0.41 g of Mg; 2.32 and 2.05 g of K; 1.33 and 0.55 g of Na

As TIC’ S na educação do campo: reflexões sobre os municípios de Ilhéus, Itabuna e Vitória da Conquista / TIC’S in field education: reflections on the municipalities of Ilhéus, Itabuna and Vitória da Conquista

Este artigo apresenta resultados da pesquisa intitulada: “As políticas educacionais do PAR em municípios da Bahia”, a qual tem como um dos seus objetivos investigar a inserção das TIC’s na educação do campo nesses municípios. A coleta de dados foi realizada junto às secretarias municipais de educação e membros da comunidade escolar dos municípios de Ilhéus, Itabuna e Vitória da Conquista. Foram analisados os impactos alcançados pelas políticas educacionais do PAR, nas escolas do campo no recorte temporal de 2010 - 2017. Nesse contexto, optamos coletar dados mediante questionário e entrevista. Visando identificar a quantidade, diversidade e como as TIC’ s estão presentes na educação do campo nesses munícipios, bem como sua utilização na prática pedagógica e a formação tecnológica do professor para inserí-las no planejamento. Justifica-se a presente investigação pela necessidade da educação do campo também inserir as tecnologias no ambiente escolar, pois vivermos em uma sociedade contemporânea onde os suportes tecnológicos fazem parte do nosso cotidiano. Concluímos que na educação do campo dos municípios analisados existe a mesma escassez tecnológica, necessitando inserir no Projeto Político Pedagógico (PPP) o uso das tecnologias na prática pedagógica do professor, bem como priorizar aquisição de novas ferramentas tecnológicas e formação continuada para os professores saberem utilizar as TIC’s. 

Nontuberculous mycobacteria in patients of a specialty hospital

The incidence and clinical characteristics of NTM diseases in Brazil remain relatively unknown. The present study describes the diagnosis of NTM isolates, the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes. We analyzed NTM isolates in patients of a tertiary hospital in the Southeast region of Brazil, from January 2008 to July 2019. The ATS/IDSA criteria for diagnosis and treatment of these patients was applied. Mycobacterium kansasii were identified in 13/113 (11.5%) patients. In 59/113 (52.2%) patients who met the ATS criteria for disease, 29/59 (49.1%) received treatment, and 22/29 (75.8%) were cured. The major species identified was M. kansasii. The most frequent symptoms among the treated patients were dyspnea and cough, and the proportion of cured patients was high

Preceptor’s best practices in a multiprofessional residency : interface with interprofessionality

Nosso artigo, fundamentado na Pesquisa Apreciativa, apresenta e discute as melhores práticas de um grupo de preceptores de um programa de residência multiprofissional em Saúde. As melhores práticas identificadas são: a consulta multiprofissional, o acolhimento dos residentes e as ações integradas entre as diferentes ênfases da residência. Além dessas, identificaram-se as estratégias para desenvolver as práticas nos cenários de saúde que seguem os pressupostos da educação interprofissional, já que promovem a reflexão de diferentes atores do processo na construção de práticas que buscam maior atenção à saúde dos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).Nuestro artículo, fundamentado en la investigación apreciativa, presenta y discute las mejores prácticas de un grupo de preceptores de un Programa de Residencia Multiprofesional en Salud. las mejores prácticas identificadas son: la consulta multiprofesional, la acogida de los residentes y las acciones integradas entre los diferentes énfasis de la residencia. Además de esas, se identificaron las estrategias para desarrollar las prácticas en los escenarios de Salud que siguen los supuestos de la educación interprofesional, puesto que promueven la reflexión de diferentes actores del proceso en la construcción de prácticas que buscan una mejor atención de la salud de los usuarios del Sistema Brasileño de Salud (SUS).In this article, based on Appreciative Inquiry, we present and discuss the best practices of a group of preceptors from a multiprofessional health residency program in Brazil. The best practices we identified are the multiprofessional consultation, the reception given to residents, and the integrated actions among different majors of the residency. In addition, we identified their strategies to develop the practices in health settings. The practices follow the presuppositions of interprofessional education, as they promote the reflection of different actors on the construction of practices that aim at the provision of better healthcare for users of the Brazilian National Health System (SUS)