Standardised inventories of spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of Macaronesia I : The native forests of the Azores (Pico and Terceira islands)

Background The data presented here come from samples collected as part of two recent research projects (NETBIOME - ISLANDBIODIV and FCT - MACDIV) which aimed at understanding the drivers of community assembly in Macaronesian islands. We applied the sampling protocol COBRA (Conservation Oriented Biodiversity Rapid Assessment, Cardoso 2009) in sixteen 50 m x 50 m native forest plots in the Azorean Islands of Pico (6 plots) and Terceira (10 plots) to assess spider diversity. Through this publication, we contribute to the knowledge of the arachnofauna of the Azores and, more specifically, to that of the islands of Pico and Terceira. New information The collected samples yielded 8,789 specimens, of which 45% were adults (3,970) belonging to 13 families, 36 species and three morphospecies that have yet to be described. Species of the family Linyphiidae dominated the samples, with 17 species and two morphospecies that have yet to be described (48% of the taxa). Out of the identified (morpho) species, 16 were introduced, 13 Azorean endemic (three of which were undescribed) and seven native (five of them Macaronesian endemics). We report the first record of the introduced species Haplodrassus signifer and Agyneta decora in Pico Island.Peer reviewe

Programa Regional de Ordenamento Florestal. Alentejo - Capítulo B – Caracterização Biofísica, Socioeconómica e dos Recursos Florestais

Este ponto do Relatório do PROF caracteriza sumariamente o clima da região do Programa Regional de Ordenamento Florestal do Alentejo (PROF-ALT) de acordo com as normais climatológicas mais recentes, e identifica as tendências verificadas nas últimas décadas para os principais elementos climáticos (temperatura e precipitação) e para fenómenos extremos (ondas de calor, ondas de frio, …). Os cenários de evolução climática são descritos tendo em conta as variáveis climáticas mais relevantes. Obtém-se, assim, uma sistematização de informação que facilita a interpretação do território englobado na região do PROF-ALT do ponto de vista biofísico. A caracterização e a avaliação dos recursos florestais apresentam, no âmbito do PROF-ALT, o objetivo de efetivar o reconhecimento do território relativamente à ocupação e distribuição das áreas ocupadas pelas principais espécies florestais. Será sobre estas áreas que posteriormente irão incidir as orientações de ordenamento e de gestão florestal para a região do PROF-ALT. O desenvolvimento deste ponto é, desta forma, essencial para a análise funcional dos espaços florestais e para fundamentar as opções de planeamento. O setor florestal é um setor chave da economia nacional. Os seus principais indicadores demonstram uma vocação florestal dos territórios e a subsequente valorização económica das suas produções. A região PROF-ALT embora tenha uma elevada ocupação do seu território por espaços florestais, tal realidade não se traduz em riqueza criada na região. As atividades transformadoras de base florestal são muito incipientes, o que também acontece na geração de emprego, onde o maior contingente é consequência da concentração em atividades de silvicultura e exploração florestal

Programa Regional de Ordenamento Florestal. Alentejo - Capítulo C – Funções dos Espaços Florestais e Áreas Florestais Sensíveis

A abordagem às funções e vocações dos territórios florestais nacionais tem subjacente a necessidade de um crescimento sustentável e de uma competitividade económica, metas sociais como a inclusão e o emprego, assim como o aumento da sua contribuição para as metas ambientais (ENF, 2015). Entre os serviços ambientais do espaço florestal destacam-se, para além da proteção dos solos e da conservação de recursos hídricos, o sequestro de carbono, a proteção da paisagem, a manutenção ou incremento da biodiversidade e o recreio. Neste âmbito o sistema de planeamento florestal português tem desenvolvido um processo de identificação e compatibilização dos bens e serviços associados ao uso florestal, aplicados a nível regional através da seleção das funções dominantes. As funções e serviços ambientais que o coberto florestal desempenha, têm ainda um papel fundamental no âmbito das intervenções de prevenção e do combate à desertificação, à degradação dos solos e à mitigação dos efeitos da seca, tutelados pela Convenção das Nações Unidas de Combate à Desertificação (ENF, 2015)

New records and detailed distribution and abundance of selected arthropod species collected between 1999 and 2011 in Azorean native forests.

Of the total 286 species identified, 81% were captured between 1999 and 2000, a period during which only 39% of all the samples were collected. On average, arthropod richness for each island increased by 10% during the time frame of these projects. The classes Arachnida, Chilopoda and Diplopoda represent the most remarkable cases of new island records, with more than 30% of the records being novelties. This study stresses the need to expand the approaches applied in these projects to other habitats in the Azores, and more importantly to other less surveyed taxonomic groups (e.g. Diptera and Hymenoptera). These steps are fundamental for getting a more accurate assessment of biodiversity in the archipelago

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

Creación de una red de centros docentes para la aplicación, evaluación y difusión de un método innovador cognitivo-constructivista de iniciación al aprendizaje de lenguas con aplicación al latín y alemán

El proyecto tiene como objetivo crear y poner en funcionamiento una red de centros docentes que apliquen y valoren el uso de una metodología innovadora de corte cognitivo-constructivista para el aprendizaje de lenguas declinables, así como difundir los resultados y la metodología en los foros académicos y educativos apropiados. La metodología ha sido probada con resultados satisfactorios en prototipos enfocados a un formato presencial y semipresencial para el aprendizaje del latín y del alemán. Se utiliza como herramienta didáctica un espacio virtual autoformativo -que incluye un diccionario didáctico digital innovador- diseñado para cada una de las lenguas estudiadas (alemán y latín), un espacio virtual que necesita ser evaluado respecto a su eficacia didáctica para su posterior difusión

Currículo Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y relaciones entre sus elementos

Se recoge el articulado del Decreto 43/2015, de 10 de junio, por el que se regula la ordenación y se establece el currículo de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria en el Principado de Asturias, publicado en el BOPA (Boletín Oficial del Principado de Asturias) el 30 de junio de 2015. La publicación incluye además la metodología didáctica, los contenidos, los criterios de valuación y estándares de aprendizaje evaluables de las distintas materias troncales, específicas y de aquéllas de libre configuración autonómica, y el total de sesiones lectivas de las distintas asignaturas de los ciclos educativos de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria.ES

Currículo Bachillerato y relaciones entre sus elementos

Contiene el Decreto 42/2015, de 10 de junio, por el que se regula la ordenación y se establece el currículo del Bachillerato en el Principado de Asturias. Publicado en el BOPA (Boletín Oficial del Principado de Asturias) el 29 de junio de 2015. Incluye además, la metodología didáctica, los contenidos, los criterios de valuación y estándares de aprendizaje evaluables de las distintas materias troncales, específicas y de aquéllas de libre configuración autonómica, y el total de sesiones lectivas de las distintas asignaturas del Bachillerato.ES

Tratamientos Psicológicos Empíricamente Apoyados Para la Infancia y Adolescencia: : Estado de la Cuestión

Background: The empirical evidence accumulated on the effi cacy, effectiveness, and effi ciency of psychotherapeutic treatments in children and adolescents calls for an update. The main goal of this paper objective was to carry out a selective review of empirically supported psychological treatments for a variety of common psychological disorders and problems in childhood and adolescence. Method: A review was carried out of the psychological treatments for different psychological disorders and problems in socialemotional or behavioral adjustment in the child-adolescent population according to the Spanish National Health System (Clinical Practice Guidelines) levels of evidence and degrees of recommendation. Results: The fi ndings suggest that psychological treatments have empirical support for addressing a wide range of psychological problems in these developmental stages. The degree of empirical support ranges from low to high depending on the phenomenon analyzed. The review suggests unequal progress in the different fi elds of intervention. Conclusions: From this update, psychologists will be able to make informed decisions when implementing those empirically supported treatments to address the problems that occur in childhood and adolescence.Antecedentes: la evidencia empírica acumulada en los últimos años sobre la efi cacia, efectividad y efi ciencia de los tratamientos psicológicos en la infancia y adolescencia reclama una actualización. El principal objetivo de este artículo es el de llevar a cabo una revisión de los tratamientos psicológicos empíricamente apoyados para una diversidad de problemas psicológicos habituales en la infancia y la adolescencia. Método: se revisan los tratamientos psicológicos para diferentes trastornos psicológicos y problemas en el ajuste socioemocional o conductual en población infanto-juvenil en función de los niveles de evidencia y grados de recomendación del Sistema Nacional de Salud de España (Guías de Práctica Clínica). Resultados: los hallazgos sugieren que los tratamientos psicológicos específi camente dirigidos a niños, niñas y adolescentes disponen de apoyo empírico para el abordaje de un amplio elenco de problemas psicológicos. Este grado de apoyo empírico oscila de bajo a alto en función del problema analizado. La revisión muestra un avance desigual en los diferentes campos de intervención. Conclusiones: a partir de esta actualización, los profesionales de la psicología podrán tomar decisiones informadas a la hora de implementar aquellas intervenciones psicológicas con apoyo empírico para el abordaje de los problemas en la infancia y la adolescenci

Evolution over Time of Ventilatory Management and Outcome of Patients with Neurologic Disease∗

OBJECTIVES: To describe the changes in ventilator management over time in patients with neurologic disease at ICU admission and to estimate factors associated with 28-day hospital mortality. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of three prospective, observational, multicenter studies. SETTING: Cohort studies conducted in 2004, 2010, and 2016. PATIENTS: Adult patients who received mechanical ventilation for more than 12 hours. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Among the 20,929 patients enrolled, we included 4,152 (20%) mechanically ventilated patients due to different neurologic diseases. Hemorrhagic stroke and brain trauma were the most common pathologies associated with the need for mechanical ventilation. Although volume-cycled ventilation remained the preferred ventilation mode, there was a significant (p < 0.001) increment in the use of pressure support ventilation. The proportion of patients receiving a protective lung ventilation strategy was increased over time: 47% in 2004, 63% in 2010, and 65% in 2016 (p < 0.001), as well as the duration of protective ventilation strategies: 406 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2004, 523 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2010, and 585 days per 1,000 mechanical ventilation days in 2016 (p < 0.001). There were no differences in the length of stay in the ICU, mortality in the ICU, and mortality in hospital from 2004 to 2016. Independent risk factors for 28-day mortality were age greater than 75 years, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II greater than 50, the occurrence of organ dysfunction within first 48 hours after brain injury, and specific neurologic diseases such as hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and brain trauma. CONCLUSIONS: More lung-protective ventilatory strategies have been implemented over years in neurologic patients with no effect on pulmonary complications or on survival. We found several prognostic factors on mortality such as advanced age, the severity of the disease, organ dysfunctions, and the etiology of neurologic disease