Natural Kinds as Real Patterns: Or How to Solve the Commitment Problem for Perspectival Realism

Perspectival realism aims to reconcile the practice and the history of science with the realist commitment to mind-independent things such as natural kinds (Massimi 2018a;b, Teller 2011, Giere 2006). Yet an unambiguous realist commitment, particularly to natural kinds, is still missing from most perspectival realists’ accounts (Crețu forthcoming,b, Morrison 2011, Chakravartty 2010). The problem of integrating the two commitments is identified as ‘the commitment problem’. Taking inspiration from another weak realist position, structural realism (Ladyman and Ross 2007), a new account – natural kinds as real patterns – is developed as a solution to the commitment problem for perspectival realism. The natural kinds as real patterns account combines four main ingredients. First, a notion of ‘perspective- independence’, an empirically driven notion, different from mind-independence and objectivity. Second, a notion of ‘real patterns’, used to denote stable empirical regularities which science is in the business of tracking (Ladyman and Ross 2007, Dennett 1991). Third, a crucial distinction between ‘research traditions’ and ‘perspectives’ which is introduced to secure the legitimacy of perspective-independent real patterns (Laudan 1977). Fourth, a dual commitment to both real patterns (qua relations) and objects (qua relata

Succintă analiză comparativă între obiectele lumii tradiționale, ca elemente identitare, și obiectele lumii postmoderne, ca bunuri de consum

This paper aims to present the influence of the consumer society on the way we relate to objects. Comparing the way of reporting to the object of the traditional world and of the consumer society we can observe significant changes. The consumer society promotes a certain standard of life that you can only access through consumption. In the paper I pointed out that the objects of the traditional Maramureș world have profound meanings, they represent a symbol between generations. The traditional object is characterized by sustainability as opposed to that of the consumer society whose life is very short. The consumer society creates artificial needs that deepen the dissatisfaction of not owning enough. In a society that incites to unlimited consumption, building a moral attitude based on discernment is of utmost importance

Perspectival Instruments

Despite its potential implications for the objectivity of scientific knowledge, the claim that 'scientific instruments are perspectival' has received little critical attention. Yet understanding 'who’s point of view?' instruments might depend upon is invaluable to understanding how scientific knowledge is obtained. This paper shows that whilst the unqualified claim that 'scientific instruments are perspectival' is epistemically unproductive, once finer-grained notions of perspectives are taken into account, perspectivism can be used to develop new strategies for resolving well known epistemic problems in relation to scientific instruments, such as conceptual relativism and theory-ladeness

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE RESEARCH INCLUDED IN THE WEB OF SCIENCE PLATFORM REGARDING TAX EVASION

Tax evasion is a hotly debated research topic in the field of scientific research and of great interest, both for the private organizational environment, for public institutions with responsibilities in the field of prevention, control and combating the phenomenon.Our study aims to determine the state of knowledge of the concept of tax evasion, by conducting a bibliometric analysis to identify research trends, scientific terminology used, the most researched topics, the most cited authors in the field, and the most influential studies, journals and countries addressing tax evasion. The available information was extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database, one of the most popular scientific publication platforms that contains quality papers in terms of accuracy and relevance of scientific research.  Based on the data obtained, we used the method of scientific mapping and examined the geographical areas with the most frequent studies on this topic, by analyzing the international collaboration of the authors

Economic risk on the performance of sports organizations

In the economic activity of any organization may appear times difficult to avoid and overcome, which may lead to the insolvency and ultimately bankruptcy. The many factors that generate business risk determines its manifestation in various forms such as market risk, economic risk, financial risk, risk of technological change, currency risk or bankruptcy risk. The purpose of risk analysis in organizations is revealing the factors acting on these types of risks, the size of their influence on the variability of results under the organization structure, reserves and measures to reduce and thus eliminate the risk. Proper financial planning is the key to success of any business presenting risks, and its absence is a key element in the failure of many economic organizations

Tehnici de genetică moleculară aplicate în medicina legală

A III-a Conferință a Medicilor Legiști din Republica Moldova cu Participare Internațională, Consacrată Aniversării a 65 Ani de la Fondarea Centrului de Medicină Legală , 6 – 8 Octombrie 2016 Chișinău, Republica Moldova, Centrul de Medicină Legală, Chișinău, Republica Moldov