Working times in atypical forms of employment: the special case of part-time work

Chapitre 5, à la suite de la conférence ACSEG 2001 à RennesIn the present article, we attempt to devise a typology of forms of part-time employment by applying a widely used neuronal methodology called Kohonen maps. Starting out with data that we describe using category-specific variables, we show how it is possible to represent observations and the modalities of the variables that define them simultaneously, on a single map. This allows us to ascertain, and to try to describe, the main categories of part-time employment

Goethe's "Faust"

The essays in this collection range from close textual analysis to discussions of larger problems such as Goethe's relation to Christianity as illuminated by the theme of sacrifice in "Faust". This work is viewed with particular reference to Goethe's natural scientific epistemology and to the problems confronting Western man in our own times. A study of Faust's blindness and the inner light complete the collection

Reactor design for electrochemical oxidation of the persistent organic pollutant 1,4-dioxane in groundwater

2018 Spring.Includes bibliographical references.The common industrial solvent stabilizer and wetting agent 1,4-dioxane (DX) is one of the most widely occurring organic groundwater contaminants in the United States today. It is a probable human carcinogen, highly mobile in groundwater, and resistant to anaerobic biodegradation. The ineffectiveness of conventional treatment approaches such as stripping and sorption to activated carbon results in a critical need of advanced technologies for the treatment of DX in groundwater. Previous studies have shown that electrochemical oxidation is able to fully mineralize 1,4-dioxane, but testing has thus far been limited to proof-of-principle bench-scale experiments. Consequently, this study addresses the design of a configurable mobile pilot-scale reactor that can be used to test electrochemical degradation performance under site-specific conditions and with different dimensionally stable electrode materials. The goal of this reactor design is to accommodate straightforward scale-up for field applications, and low cost of production so that ultimately multiple modular units can be deployed to operate in series or in parallel. Assessment of critical design parameters in a bench-scale reactor showed that DX degradation rates almost doubled when no inter-electrode solid media were used. No significant differences were observed between operating the reactor in continuous versus batch mode. An additional 57% degradation rate improvement was achieved when the batch reactor was operated with 30-minute polarity reversals as compared with constant polarity. Bench-scale reactor and initial pilot reactor tests with Ti/IrO2-Ta2O5 electrodes were run using a synthetic groundwater solution containing DX in NaCl electrolyte, revealing substantial effects of scale, while DX degradation kinetics were similar. Groundwater from a contaminated industrial site was then treated in the pilot reactor with an apparent anode surface area per order of magnitude DX removal (ASAAO) of 305 h*m2/m3 at an electric energy consumption per order of magnitude DX removal (EEO) of 152 kWh/m3, with relatively minor production of undesirable by-products. The contaminated site groundwater was also treated in a commercial bench-scale reactor with a Magnéli-phase titanium oxide anode, resulting in an ASAAO of 28 h*m2/m3 at an EEO of 176 kWh/m3, but with a high yield of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and chlorate (ClO3-), and minor formation of perchlorate (ClO4-). In comparison of the surface-area normalized rates of removal, the commercial reactor was faster than the pilot reactor, but it consumed more energy per order reduction and generated more undesirable reaction by-products, commonly referred to as disinfection by-products (DBPs). Future testing at contaminated field sites will reveal the efficacy of our newly designed reactor, and thus electrochemical treatment, for the remediation of groundwater contaminated with DX and other persistent organic pollutants

Goethe's "Faust"

The essays in this collection range from close textual analysis to discussions of larger problems such as Goethe's relation to Christianity as illuminated by the theme of sacrifice in "Faust". This work is viewed with particular reference to Goethe's natural scientific epistemology and to the problems confronting Western man in our own times. A study of Faust's blindness and the inner light complete the collection

Wilhelm Müller's Lyrical Song-Cycles

The poetry of Wilhelm Müller, to whom Heine expressed indebtedness for his renewal of the forms of the German "Volkslied", had rarely been discussed in depth prior to this volume originally published in 1970. Cottrell's study is an interpretation of Müller's three most successful song-cycles: "Die schöne Müllerin", "Die Winterreise", and "Frühlingskranz". The first two, interpreted in chapters one and two, are famed through Schubert's musical settings. Chapter three offers an interpretation of the "Frühlingskranz". A last chapter considers Müller's poetic imagination. Full texts of the poems discussed are included in the Appendix and are indexed by titles and first lines

Financial History

The considerable renewal of interest in all aspects of financial history over recent years provided one motivation for this new venture. Yet, the foundations for our specialism, which draws from both History and the Social Sciences, especially economics, have been laid by many. Some would point to continuity in our interest from the publication in the 1930s of jubilee banking history volumes, such as those written for British institutions by Gregory, and by Crick and Wadsworth. Further scholarly momentum came from the studies in comparative banking history undertaken by researchers inspired and brought together by Rondo Cameron from the mid-1960s. Upon these footings and others, financial history has since ‘taken off' to address an increasingly wider range of issues. This considerable broadening of the specialism, ironically, almost coincided with the decline and then the eventual demise in 1987 of the Revue Internationale d'Histoire de la Banque, founded in 1968. This is not the place to draw up a balance sheet of that journal, which has played a decisive role. Its demise, however, left a gap. Financial History Review aims not only to take up its cause, but also to widen the scope of publishing in the field - from banking to financial history - in order to offer the fullest possible support for continuing researc

Ab initio parametrised model of strain-dependent solubility of H in alpha-iron

The calculated effects of interstitial hydrogen on the elastic properties of alpha-iron from our earlier work are used to describe the H interactions with homogeneous strain fields using ab initio methods. In particular we calculate the H solublility in Fe subject to hydrostatic, uniaxial, and shear strain. For comparison, these interactions are parametrised successfully using a simple model with parameters entirely derived from ab initio methods. The results are used to predict the solubility of H in spatially-varying elastic strain fields, representative of realistic dislocations outside their core. We find a strong directional dependence of the H-dislocation interaction, leading to strong attraction of H by the axial strain components of edge dislocations and by screw dislocations oriented along the critical slip direction. We further find a H concentration enhancement around dislocation cores, consistent with experimental observations.Comment: part 2/2 from splitting of 1009.3784 (first part was 1102.0187), minor changes from previous version

Differential chemical abundance analysis of a 47 Tuc AGB star with respect to Arcturus

This study resolves a discrepancy in the abundance of Zr in the 47 Tucanae asymptotic giant branch star Lee 2525. This star was observed using the echelle spectrograph on the 2.3 m telescope at Siding Spring Observatory. The analysis was undertaken by calibrating Lee 2525 with respect to the standard giant star Arcturus. This work emphasises the importance of using a standard star with stellar parameters comparable to the star under analysis rather than a calibration with respect to the Sun (Koch & McWilliam 2008). Systematic errors in the analysis process are then minimised due to the similarity in atmospheric structure between the standard and programme stars. The abundances derived for Lee 2525 were found to be in general agreement with the Brown & Wallerstein (1992) values except for Zr. In this study Zr has a similar enhancement ([Zr/Fe] = +0.51 dex) to another light s-process element, Y ([Y/Fe] = +0.53 dex), which reflects current theory regarding the enrichment of s-process elements by nuclear processes within AGB stars (Busso et al. 2001). This is contrary to the results of Brown & Wallerstein (1992) where Zr was under-abundant ([Zr/Fe] = +0.51 dex) and Y was over-abundant ([Y/Fe] = +0.50 dex) with respect to Fe.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures Accepted for publication in MNRA