520 research outputs found
Fluctuation and fixation of rodenticide resistance alleles in Rattus norvegicus
Berthier, K., Benoit, E., Berny, P., Lasseur, R., Merville, A., Peigneaux, F., Cosson, J.-F
Recommandations pour lâutilisation de la toxine botulinique de type A (BotoxÂź) dans lâhyperactivitĂ© vĂ©sicale rĂ©fractaire idiopathique
RĂ©sumĂ©ObjectifsDĂ©finir des recommandations pour lâutilisation pratique de la toxine botulinique de type A (BoNTA) dans lâhyperactivitĂ© vĂ©sicale rĂ©fractaire idiopathique (HAVRI).MĂ©thodeĂlaboration de recommandations de bonne pratique par consensus formalisĂ©, validĂ©es par un groupe de 13 experts puis par un groupe de lecture indĂ©pendant.RĂ©sultatsEn cas dâinfection urinaire celle-ci doit ĂȘtre traitĂ©e et lâinjection reportĂ©e. Avant lâinjection, il est recommandĂ© de sâassurer de la faisabilitĂ© et de lâacceptabilitĂ© de lâauto-sondage. Lâinjection peut ĂȘtre rĂ©alisĂ©e aprĂšs une anesthĂ©sie locale urĂ©tro-vĂ©sicale (lidocaĂŻne), Ă©ventuellement complĂ©tĂ©e par lâinhalation de protoxyde dâazote et parfois sous anesthĂ©sie gĂ©nĂ©rale. Lâinjection sera rĂ©alisĂ©e au bloc opĂ©ratoire ou en salle dâendoscopie. La vessie ne doit pas ĂȘtre trop remplie (risque de perforation). Le traitement doit ĂȘtre appliquĂ© en 10 à 20 injections de 0,5 à 1mL rĂ©parties de maniĂšre homogĂšne dans la vessie en restant Ă distance des mĂ©ats urĂ©tĂ©raux. Il nâest pas recommandĂ© de laisser en place une sonde vĂ©sicale sauf en cas dâhĂ©maturie importante. Le patient doit ĂȘtre surveillĂ© jusquâĂ la reprise mictionnelle. Une note dâinformation sur les effets indĂ©sirables Ă©ventuels doit lui ĂȘtre remise Ă sa sortie. Une consultation doit ĂȘtre prĂ©vue 3 mois aprĂšs la premiĂšre injection (calendrier mictionnel, dĂ©bitmĂ©trie, rĂ©sidu post-mictionnel et examen cytobactĂ©riologique des urines). Un rĂ©sidu >200mL et/ou symptomatique doit faire discuter des auto-sondages. Une nouvelle injection pourra ĂȘtre envisagĂ©e lorsque le bĂ©nĂ©fice clinique de la prĂ©cĂ©dente sâestompe (entre 6 et 9 mois).ConclusionsLe respect de ces recommandations devrait permettre une utilisation optimale de la BoNTA.Niveau de preuve3.SummaryObjectivesProvide guidelines for practical usage of botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) for refractory idiopathic Overactive Bladder management.Patients and methodsGuidelines using formalized consensus guidelines method. These guidelines have been validated by a group of 13 experts quoting proposals, subsequently reviewed by an independent group of experts.ResultsIn the case of patients with urinary tract infection, it must be treated and injection postponed. Before proposing an injection, it is recommended to ensure the feasibility and acceptability of self-catheterisation by patient. The injection can be performed after local anesthesia of the bladder and urethra (lidocaine), supplemented where necessary by nitrous oxide inhalation and sometimes under general anesthesia. Injection is performed in the operating room or endoscopy suite. The bladder should not be too filled (increased risk of perforation). Treatment should be applied in 10 to 20 injections of 0.5 to 1mL homogeneously distributed in the bladder at a distance from the urethral orifices. It is not recommended to leave a urinary catheter in place except in cases of severe hematuria. The patient should be monitored until resumption of micturition. After the first injection, an appointment must be scheduled within 3 months (micturition diary, uroflowmetry, measurement of residual urine and urine culture). Performance of self-catheterisation should be questioned in the case of a symptomatic post-void residual and/or a residue>200mL. A new injection may be considered when the clinical benefit of the previous injection diminishes (between 6 and 9 months). A period of three months must elapse between each injection.ConclusionsImplementation of these guidelines may promote best practice usage of BoNTA with optimal risk/benefit ratio
Widespread forest vertebrate extinctions induced by a mega hydroelectric dam in lowland Amazonia
Mega hydropower projects in tropical forests pose a major emergent threat to terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity worldwide. Despite the unprecedented number of existing, underconstruction and planned hydroelectric dams in lowland tropical forests, long-term effects on biodiversity have yet to be evaluated. We examine how medium and large-bodied assemblages of terrestrial and arboreal vertebrates (including 35 mammal, bird and tortoise species) responded to the drastic 26-year post-isolation history of archipelagic alteration in landscape structure and habitat quality in a major hydroelectric reservoir of Central Amazonia. The Balbina Hydroelectric Dam inundated 3,129 km2 of primary forests, simultaneously isolating 3,546 land-bridge islands. We conducted intensive biodiversity surveys at 37 of those islands and three adjacent continuous forests using a combination of four survey techniques, and detected strong forest habitat area effects in explaining patterns of vertebrate extinction. Beyond clear area effects, edge-mediated surface fire disturbance was the most important additional driver of species loss, particularly in islands smaller than 10 ha. Based on species-area models, we predict that only 0.7% of all islands now harbor a species-rich vertebrate assemblage consisting of â„80% of all species. We highlight the colossal erosion in vertebrate diversity driven by a man-made dam and show that the biodiversity impacts of mega dams in lowland tropical forest regions have been severely overlooked. The geopolitical strategy to deploy many more large hydropower infrastructure projects in regions like lowland Amazonia should be urgently reassessed, and we strongly advise that long-term biodiversity impacts should be explicitly included in pre-approval environmental impact assessments
Analysis of endoplasmic reticulum trafficking signals by combinatorial screening in mammalian cells
Finite Element Simulations of stretch-blow moulding with experimental validation over a broad process window
Sperm Chemotaxis: The First Authentication Events Between Conspecific Gametes Before Fertilization
Inhibition of Secretion by 1,3-Cyclohexanebis(methylamine), a Dibasic Compound That Interferes with Coatomer Function
Mental Addition in Bilinguals: An fMRI Study of Task-Related and Performance-Related Activation
Behavioral studies show that bilinguals are slower and less accurate when performing mental calculation in their nondominant (second; L2) language than in their dominant (first; L1) language. However, little is known about the neural correlates associated with the performance differences observed between bilinguals' 2 languages during arithmetic processing. To address the cortical activation differences between languages, the current study examined task-related and performance-related brain activation during mental addition when problems were presented auditorily in participants' L1 and L2. Eleven ChineseâEnglish bilinguals heard 2-digit addition problems that required exact or approximate calculations. Functional magnetic resonance imaging results showed that auditorily presented multidigit addition in bilinguals activates bilateral inferior parietal and inferior frontal regions in both L1 and L2. Language differences were observed in the form of greater activation for L2 exact addition in the left inferior frontal area. A negative correlation between brain activation and behavioral performance during mental addition in L2 was observed in the left inferior parietal area. Current results provide further evidence for the effects of language-specific experience on arithmetic processing in bilinguals at the cortical level
- âŠ