Factores socio-jurídicos determinantes de la violencia de género y su relación con la comisión del delito de feminicidio, Lima, 2021

Esta presente investigación se realiza por el incremento descomunal de los índices de violencia de género con subsecuente casos de feminicidio en nuestra sociedad, por ello, resulta relevante el estudio de los factores sociales y jurídicos que determinan la violencia de género y cómo estos se relacionan con la comisión de este ilícito penal en nuestro país. De acuerdo a ello, se planteó como objetivo general determinar la relación entre los factores socio-jurídicos determinantes de la violencia de género y la comisión del delito de feminicidio. Asimismo, en relación a la metodología empleada, se desarrolló la investigación bajo un enfoque cualitativo de tipo básico, con un diseño de teoría fundamentada, además se utilizó una guía de entrevista y de análisis documental como instrumentos de recolección de datos. En conclusión, se considera que los factores socio-jurídicos representan el origen que tiene como desenlace la violencia de género y la comisión del feminicidio. Además, se ha logrado determinar que los factores sociales determinantes de la violencia de género resultan como consecuencia de los factores jurídicos que propician esta problemática, los factores socio-jurídicos dentro del contexto de la violencia de género, representan el principio del delito de feminicidio

Realidad del docente en la educación médica en tiempos de COVID-19

La pandemia del COVID-19 plantea nuevos retos, pero también propone un nuevo enfoque de la educación médica en pregrado

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome prevalence and processing fluids use for diagnosis in United States breeding herds

Processing fluids have been recently adopted by the U.S. swine industry as a breeding herd PRRS monitoring tool due to their increased representativeness of animals within the herd. Here, we use the Morrison Swine Health Monitoring Project (MSHMP) database, representative of ~50% of the U.S. swine breeding herd, to describe processing fluids submissions for PRRS diagnosis and their relation to PRRS prevalence and time to stability over time between 2009 and 2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Percepção do uso de dióxido de cloro e grau de conhecimento sobre a COVID-19 em estudantes de Medicina de uma universidade peruana

Objective: To determine the perception of the use of chlorine dioxide (CDS) and the degree of knowledge about COVID-19 in medical students of a Peruvian university. Material and methods: Cross-sectional observational study. A virtual survey of 158 medical students from the Jorge Basadre Grohmann National University was conducted from 15 to 18 August 2020. The instrument used was divided into three sections: socio-demographic characteristics, level of knowledge about COVID-19 and attitudes towards the use of CDS. Bivariate analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test. Results: Of the 158 medical students surveyed, 53 % were women, the average age was 21 (RIQ: 19-23) year-old. 22 % consider that if a doctor or health care staff recommends the use of chlorine dioxide, it is because it has some utility in treating COVID-19, and 39 % have low knowledge about the disease. There is a difference between the perception regarding the use of chlorine dioxide and the level of knowledge about COVID-19 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Almost a quarter of students consider the use of chlorine dioxide to treat COVID-19 useful if recommended by a doctor or if conventional medical therapy does not work. This may be due to a low level of knowledge about the disease.Objetivo: Determinar la percepción del uso de dióxido de cloro (CDS) y el grado de conocimiento sobre la COVID-19 en estudiantes de Medicina de una universidad peruana. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional de corte transversal. Se realizó una encuesta virtual a 158 estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, del 15 al 18 de agosto del 2020. El instrumento utilizado se dividió en tres secciones: características sociodemográficas, nivel de conocimientos sobre la COVID-19 y actitudes frente al uso del CDS. El análisis bivariado se realizó utilizando la prueba exacta de Fisher. Resultados: De los 158 estudiantes de Medicina encuestados, el 53 % fueron mujeres, la edad media fue de 21 (RIC: 19-23) años. El 22 % considera que si un médico o personal de salud recomienda el uso de dióxido de cloro, es porque tiene alguna utilidad para tratar la COVID-19, y el 39 % tiene un conocimiento bajo sobre la enfermedad. Existe diferencia entre la percepción frente al uso de dióxido de cloro y el nivel de conocimientos sobre la COVID-19 (p<0,05). Conclusión: Casi un cuarto de los estudiantes considera útil el uso de dióxido de cloro para tratar la COVID-19 si lo recomienda un médico o si la terapia médica convencional no surtiera efecto. Lo mencionado puede deberse a un nivel de conocimiento bajo sobre la enfermedad.Objetivo: Determinar a percepção do uso de dióxido de cloro (CDS) e o grau de conhecimento sobre a COVID-19 em estudantes de Medicina de uma universidade peruana. Material e métodos: Estudo observacional de corte transversal. Uma pesquisa virtual foi feita em 158 estudantes de Medicina da Universidade Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, de 15 a 18 de agosto de 2020. O instrumento utilizado foi dividido em três seções: características sociodemográficas, nível de conhecimento sobre a COVID-19 e atitudes contra o uso do CDS. A análise bivariada foi feita com o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: Dos 158 estudantes de Medicina entrevistados, 53 % foram mulheres, a idade média foi de 21 (RIQ: 19-23) anos. 22 % consideram que, se um médico ou pessoal de saúde recomenda o uso de dióxido de cloro, é porque tem alguma utilidade para tratar a COVID-19; 39 % tem um conhecimento baixo sobre a doença. Existe uma diferença entre a percepção da utilização de dióxido de cloro e o nível de conhecimentos sobre a COVID-19 (p<0,05). Conclusão: Quase um quarto dos estudantes considera útil o uso de dióxido de cloro para tratar a COVID-19 se recomendado por um médico ou se a terapia médica convencional não surtisse efeito. Isto pode ser devido a um baixo nível de conhecimento sobre a doença

Disentangling transport movement patterns of trucks either transporting pigs or while empty within a swine production system before and during the COVID-19 epidemic

Transport of pigs between sites occurs frequently as part of genetic improvement and age segregation. However, a lack of transport biosecurity could have catastrophic implications if not managed properly as disease spread would be imminent. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive study of vehicle movement trends within swine systems in the Midwest. In this study, we aimed to describe and characterize vehicle movement patterns within one large Midwest swine system representative of modern pig production to understand movement trends and proxies for biosecurity compliance and identify potential risky behaviors that may result in a higher risk for infectious disease spread. Geolocation tracking devices recorded vehicle movements of a subset of trucks and trailers from a production system every 5 min and every time tracks entered a landmark between January 2019 and December 2020, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We described 6,213 transport records from 12 vehicles controlled by the company. In total, 114 predefined landmarks were included during the study period, representing 5 categories of farms and truck wash facilities. The results showed that trucks completed the majority (76.4%, 2,111/2,762) of the recorded movements. The seasonal distribution of incoming movements was similar across years (P > 0.05), while the 2019 winter and summer seasons showed higher incoming movements to sow farms than any other season, year, or production type (P < 0.05). More than half of the in-movements recorded occurred within the triad of sow farms, wean-to-market stage, and truck wash facilities. Overall, time spent at each landmark was 9.08% higher in 2020 than in 2019, without seasonal highlights, but with a notably higher time spent at truck wash facilities than any other type of landmark. Network analyses showed high connectivity among farms with identifiable clusters in the network. Furthermore, we observed a decrease in connectivity in 2020 compared with 2019, as indicated by the majority of network parameter values. Further network analysis will be needed to understand its impact on disease spread and control. However, the description and quantification of movement trends reported in this study provide findings that might be the basis for targeting infectious disease surveillance and control.The MSHMP is a Swine Health Information Center (SHIC) funded project (Project # 19-235 SHIC).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Senecavirus A seroprevalence and risk factors in United States pig farms

Senecavirus A (SVA) is a non-enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the Picornaviridae family. Senecavirus A is constantly associated with outbreaks of vesicular disease in pigs and has been reported in several countries since its first large-scale outbreak in 2014. Senecavirus A's clinical disease and lesions are indistinguishable from other vesicular foreign animal diseases (FAD). Therefore, an FAD investigation needs to be conducted for every SVA case. For this reason, SVA has been attributed as the cause of an alarming increase in the number of yearly FAD investigations performed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The objectives of this study were to estimate the seroprevalence of SVA antibodies in breeding and growing pig farms in the United States and to determine the farm-level risk factors associated with seropositivity. A total of 5,794 blood samples were collected from 98 and 95 breeding and growing pig farms in 17 states. A farm characteristics questionnaire was sent to all farms, to which 80% responded. The responses were used to conduct logistic regression analyses to assess the risk factors associated with SVA seropositivity. The estimated farm-level seroprevalences were 17.3% and 7.4% in breeding and growing pig farms, respectively. Breeding farms had 2.64 times higher odds of SVA seropositivity than growing pig farms. One key risk factor identified in breeding farms was the practice of rendering dead animal carcasses. However, the adoption of a higher number of farm biosecurity measures was associated with a protective effect against SVA seropositivity in breeding farms

Senecavirus A seroprevalence and risk factors in United States pig farms

Senecavirus A (SVA) is a non-enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the Picornaviridae family. Senecavirus A is constantly associated with outbreaks of vesicular disease in pigs and has been reported in several countries since its first large-scale outbreak in 2014. Senecavirus A’s clinical disease and lesions are indistinguishable from other vesicular foreign animal diseases (FAD). Therefore, an FAD investigation needs to be conducted for every SVA case. For this reason, SVA has been attributed as the cause of an alarming increase in the number of yearly FAD investigations performed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The objectives of this study were to estimate the seroprevalence of SVA antibodies in breeding and growing pig farms in the United States and to determine the farm-level risk factors associated with seropositivity. A total of 5,794 blood samples were collected from 98 and 95 breeding and growing pig farms in 17 states. A farm characteristics questionnaire was sent to all farms, to which 80% responded. The responses were used to conduct logistic regression analyses to assess the risk factors associated with SVA seropositivity. The estimated farm-level seroprevalences were 17.3% and 7.4% in breeding and growing pig farms, respectively. Breeding farms had 2.64 times higher odds of SVA seropositivity than growing pig farms. One key risk factor identified in breeding farms was the practice of rendering dead animal carcasses. However, the adoption of a higher number of farm biosecurity measures was associated with a protective eect against SVA seropositivity in breeding farms.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Doença de Pompe de início tardio: primeiro relato de caso no Perú

Introduction: Late-onset Pompe disease is an extremely rare enzyme characterized by incapacitating and progressive neuromuscular damage. There is still no consensus on treatment, but clinical trials have shown that enzymatic replacement with recombinant alpha-glucosidase acid could slow the natural course of the disease and improve prognosis. Clinical case: A 67-year-old man diagnosed with Pompe disease for 4 years, in treatment with physical rehabilitation. He entered the service for right lower limb cellulite that decompensates his background leading to severe respiratory failure. It is admitted to mechanical ventilation, its evolution is torrid due to multiple bacterial infections associated with fan. After 7 months in mechanical ventilation despite multiple weaning attempts, the enzymatic replacement treatment with recombinant acid alpha glucosidase is proposed. Two weeks later, he began improving ventilatory parameters and was discharged after 11 months of hospital stay. Conclusion: Enzymatic replacement treatment with recombinant acid alpha glucosidase showed a positive effect on the evolution of our patient.Introducción: La enfermedad de Pompe de inicio tardío es una enzimopatía sumamente rara que se caracteriza por daño neuromuscular incapacitante y progresivo. Aun no existe consenso acerca del tratamiento, pero ensayos clínicos han mostrado que el reemplazo enzimático con alfa glucosidasa ácida recombinante podría enlentecer el curso natural de la enfermedad y mejorar el pronóstico. Caso clínico: Varón de 67 años con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Pompe desde hace 4 años, en tratamiento con rehabilitación física. Ingresó al servicio por celulitis de miembro inferior derecho que descompensa su cuadro de fondo llevándolo a una insuficiencia respiratoria severa. Es ingresado a ventilación mecánica, su evolución es tórpida debido a múltiples sobreinfecciones bacterianas asociadas a ventilador. Luego de 7 meses en ventilación mecánica a pesar de múltiples intentos de destete, se propone el tratamiento de reemplazo enzimático con alfa glucosidasa ácida recombinante. Dos semanas después inicia mejoría de parámetros ventilatorios y es dado de alta luego de 11 meses de estancia hospitalaria. Conclusión: El tratamiento de reemplazo enzimático con alfa glucosidasa ácida recombinante, mostró un efecto positivo en la evolución de nuestro paciente.Introdução: A doença de Pompe de início tardio é uma enzimopatia extremamente rara caracterizada por danos neuromusculares incapacitantes e progressivos. Ainda não há consenso sobre o tratamento, mas ensaios clínicos mostraram que a substituição enzimática com alfa glucosidase ácida recombinante poderia retardar o curso natural da doença e melhorar o prognóstico. Caso clínico: Masculino de 67 anos com diagnóstico de doença de Pompe há 4 anos, em tratamento com reabilitação física. Entrou no serviço por celulite de membro inferior direito que descompensa seu quadro de fundo levando-o a uma insuficiência respiratória severa. É introduzido na ventilação mecânica, sua evolução é tórpida devido a múltiplas sobreinfecções bacterianas associadas a ventilador. Após 7 meses em ventilação mecânica apesar de múltiplas tentativas de desmame, propõe-se o tratamento de substituição enzimática com alfa glucosidase ácida recombinante. Duas semanas depois inicia melhorias de parâmetros ventilatórios e é dado alta após 11 meses de estadia hospitalar. Conclusão: O tratamento de substituição enzimática com alfa glucosidase ácida recombinante, mostrou um efeito positivo na evolução do nosso paciente