Heróis, vilões, vítimas e emoções no discurso jornalístico em relação ao terrorismo : de Nova Iorque a Madrid e Londres : uma abordagem cognitiva

Dissertação de Mestrado em Estudos Portugueses Interdisciplinares apresentada à Universidade AbertaEm Heróis, vilões, vítimas e emoções… a linguagem-no-uso de um jornal português publicado nos EUA (Portuguese Times) é utilizada para analisar e explicar o modo como compreendemos as emoções primárias presentes em três ataques terroristas: EUA (2001), Madrid (2004) e Londres (2005). Começámos por reflectir sobre o conceito de emoção e sobre as suas implicações. De seguida, apresentámos os fundamentos teóricos capazes de demonstrar o carácter cognitivo das emoções. De acordo com este quadro teórico, as emoções são consideradas objecto de estudo das ciências cognitivas devido ao seu carácter cognitivo. Após precisarmos ser a abordagem seguida a da Linguística Cognitiva – Lakoff e Johnson (1980), Lakoff (1987), Zoltán Kövecses (1986, 1990, 1991, 1998, 2000, 2003[2000]) Kövecses e George Lakoff (1987), Batoréo (2000, 2003a , 2004c), Abrantes (1999, 2001a, 2001b, 2002) e Silva (1997, 1999, 2003) – e os instrumentos utilizados na análise do corpus a metáfora e metonímia, esperámos não só poder demonstrar o carácter conceptual das emoções encontradas, mas também explicar a sua ocorrência e frequência. Com base no contexto geral do terrorismo e especificamente de acordo com a perspectiva da metáfora conceptual do CONTO DE FADAS DA GUERRA JUSTA, antecipámos encontrar um predomínio de emoções negativas e de emoções com fortes motivações físicas. Através de um levantamento exaustivo de segmentos linguísticos foi-nos possível identificar as emoções presentes no corpus em relação a cada um dos ataques e, através dos instrumentos cognitivos seleccionados, determinar o seu conteúdo conceptual. Os resultados confirmaram um predomínio de emoções negativas e o forte conteúdo conceptual das emoções medo e raivaDans Héros, vilains, victimes et émotions… le langage courant d’un journal portugais publié aux États-Unis (Portuguese Times) est utilisé pour analyser et expliquer la façon dont nous comprennons les émotions primaires en trois attaques terroristes: États-Unis (2001), Madrid (2004) et Londres (2005). Nous avons commencé par réfléchir sur le concept d’émotion et sur ses implications. Après, nous avons présenté un cadre de théories capables de démontrer le caractère cognitif des émotions. D’après ce cadre, les émotions sont considérées comme objet d’étude des sciences cognitives à cause de leur caractère cognitif. Après avoir déterminé être l’approche suivi celui de la Linguistique Cognitive – Lakoff e Johnson (1980), Lakoff (1987), Zoltán Kövecses (1986, 1990, 1991, 1998, 2000, 2003[2000]) Kövecses e George Lakoff (1987), Batoréo (2000, 2003a , 2004c), Abrantes (1999, 2001a, 2001b, 2002) et Silva (1997, 1999, 2003) – et les instruments utilisés pour l’analyse du corpus la métaphore et la métonymie, nous attendions ne pas seulement être capables de montrer le caractère conceptuel des émotions trouvées, mais aussi expliquer leur occurrence et fréquence. Ayant par base le cadre général du terrorisme et spécifiquement d’après la perspective de la métaphore conceptuelle du COMPTE DE FEES DE LA GUERRE JUSTE, nous avons prévu trouver le plus fréquemment des émotions négatives et des émotions avec des fortes motivations physiques. À travers une sélection exhaustive des segments linguistiques, il nous a été possible d’identifier les émotions trouvées dans le corpus en rapport avec chacun des attaques et, grâce aux instruments cognitifs choisis, il nous a été possible de démontrer le caractère conceptuel de ces émotions. Les résultats ont confirmé la prédominance des émotions négatives et le fort contenu conceptuel des émotions peur et rageIn Heroes, villains, victims and emotions… everyday language of a Portuguese newspaper published in the US (Portuguese Times) is used to study and explain how we understand basic emotions aroused by three terrorist attacks: US (2001), Madrid (2004) and London (2005). At first, the concept of emotion and its implications were discussed. Then, the theoretical framework capable of showing emotions’ cognitive character was introduced. According to such framework, emotions are considered one of cognitive sciences topics of study due to their cognitive content. After asserting Cognitive Linguistics to be the approach followed – Lakoff e Johnson (1980), Lakoff (1987), Zoltán Kövecses (1986, 1990, 1991, 1998, 2000, 2003[2000]) Kövecses e George Lakoff (1987), Batoréo (2000, 2003a, 2004c), Abrantes (1999, 2001a, 2001b, 2002) and Silva (1997, 1999, 2003) – and metaphor and metonym the tools used to perform the data analysis, it was not only expected to reveal basic emotions conceptual content, but also to explain its occurrence and frequency. Within the general context of terrorism and specifically according to the conceptual metaphor of the FAIRY TALE OF THE JUST WAR, the prediction would be to find a predominance of negative emotions and emotions with strong physical motivation. Thorough selection of linguistic data made it possible to identify emotions related to each one of the attacks, while the cognitive tools chosen revealed those same emotions conceptual content. The results confirmed the predominance of negative emotions and the strong conceptual content of fear and ange

MUSICEMBRIOLOGY IN CHILDREN EURODEVELOPMENT: A REVIEW

Introdução: A musicoembriologia engloba a audição de música durante a gravidez, com o objetivo de melhorar a relação materno-fetal e o neurodesenvolvimento infantil. Contudo, a relação entre estes ainda não está bem estabelecida, pelo que permanece um tema controverso. Objetivo: Rever a evidência disponível sobre o impacto da audição de música durante a gravidez no neurodesenvolvimento infantil. Material e Métodos: Pesquisa de meta-análises (MA), revisões sistemáticas (RS), ensaios clínicos aleatorizados e contro- lados (ECAC), e normas de orientação clinica (NOC), em inglês e português, publicados entre 01/2004 e 04/2014, nas bases de dados Pubmed/Medline, sítios de medicina baseada na evidência e Índex de Revistas Médicas Portuguesas, utilizando os termos MeSH: music; pregnancy; child; neurodevelopment. Para a avaliação dos níveis de evidência (NE) e atribuição de forças de recomendação (FR) foi utilizada a escala SORT (Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy) da American Family Phisician. Resultados: Foram encontrados onze artigos, dos quais quatro foram selecionados: três ECAC e uma RS. Um ECAC (NE 1) mostrou melhoria significativa do comportamento neonatal nas crianças cujas mães ouviram música durante a gravidez. Outro ECAC (NE 2) demonstrou uma melhoria da relação ma- terno-fetal com a musicoembriologia. Outro ECAC (NE3) e a RS (FR B) demonstraram que o ambiente intrauterino é importante no neurodesenvolvimento neonatal, sobretudo no desenvolvi- mento do córtex cerebral motor e neurosensorial. Conclusões: A evidência disponível demonstrou que a au- dição de música durante o período embrionário apresenta benefício no neurodesenvolvimento infantil. (FR B) No entanto os estudos obtidos são em número reduzido e apresentam grande heterogeneidade em termos metodológicos. São necessários mais estudos, com populações controladas e metodologia semelhantes, para a recomendação global desta medida.Introduction: Musicembriology is music listening during pregnancy, in order to improve maternal-fetal relationship and child neurodevelopment. However, their relationship is not well established, so it remains a controversial issue. Objective: Review of the available evidence on the impact of music listening during pregnancy on children’s neurodevelopment. Methods: Meta-analysis research, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and standards of clinical orientation, in English and Portuguese languages, published between 01/2004 and 04/2014, on the basis Pubmed / Medline, medical sites based on evidence and Portuguese Index of Medical Journal, using the MeSH terms: music; pregnancy; child; neurodevelopment. For the assessment of levels of evidence (NE) and award recommendation forces (FR) scale SORT was used (Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy) of the American Family Physician. Results: Eleven articles were found, four of which were selected: three randomized controlled trials and one systematic review. A randomized controlled trial (NE 1) showed significant improvement in neonatal behavior in children whose mothers listened to music during pregnancy. A randomized controlled trial (NE 2) showed an improvement of maternal-fetal relationship with musicoembriology. Another randomized controlled trial (NE3) and a systematic review (B FR) showed that the intrauterine environment is important in the neonatal brain development, especially the development of the motor and sensorineural cerebral cortex. Conclusion: The available evidence showed that music listening during the embryonic period shows benefit in children’s neurodevelopment. (FR B) However, those obtained studies are few in number and have great heterogeneity in methodological terms. Further studies are needed with controlled populations and similar methodology for the overall recommendation of this measur

Valorization of tomato by-products: influence of ohmic heating process on polyphenols extraction

Vienna Polyphenols 2017 - 11th World Congress on Polyphenols Applications[Excerpt] Introduction: Tomato based products is one of the worldwide major agroindustrial sectors generating substantial amounts of wastes, with high economic and environmental costs[1]. These agroindustrial by-products e.g. skins and pulp remnants, are rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols [2–4]. Current extraction treatments, besides representing environmental hazards, may cause these by-products bioactive compounds degradation, promote toxicity, and reduce biological properties and health benefits, thus hampering their added value. Therefore, there is a growing interest in alternative extraction technologies, such as the case of Ohmic Heating (OH), an environmentally-friendly technique (i.e. use of electrical energy) [5]. This study aimed to optimize the extraction of phenolic compounds, antioxidants and carotenoids of tomato wastes through ohmic heating, as an alternative extraction technology. [...]The authors would like to thank to the project Co-promoção nº 016403, “MULTIBIOREFINERY”, supported by Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização e pelo Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa, na sua componente FEDER, e pela Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and project UID/Multi/50016/2013 , administrated by FCT. Furthermore, This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte”The author Marta Coelho would like to acknowledge FCT for your PhD grant with the reference [grant number SFRH/BD/111884/2015] and Ricardo Pereira SFRH/BPD/81887/2011.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Consumer Default Risk Assessment in a Banking Institution

Credit scoring is an application of financial risk forecasting to consumer lending. In this study, statistical analysis is applied to credit scoring data from a financial institution to evaluate the default risk of consumer loans. The default risk was found to be influenced by the spread, the age of the consumer, the number of credit cards owned by the consumer. A lower spread, a higher number of credit cards and a younger age of the borrower are factors that decrease the risk of default. Clients receiving the salary in the same banking institution of the loan have less chances of default than clients receiving their salary in another institution. We also found that clients in the lowest income tax echelon have more propensity to default.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Flexural behaviour of hybrid FRC-GFRP/PUR sandwich panels

The present work has been developed in the scope of the research project ‘‘Easyfloor – Development of composite sandwich panels for building floor rehabilitation”. This project aims at developing a hybrid sandwich panel, constituting an alternative construction system to conventional floor solutions, mainly for buildings rehabilitation. The developed hybrid sandwich panel is composed of a top face layer of steel fibre reinforced self-compacting concrete (FRC), a core of polyurethane (PUR) closed-cell foam and a bottom face sheet and lateral webs of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP). The composite (GFRP/PUR) is manufactured by pultrusion, and its cross-section includes a sheet of GFRP between the FRC and PUR. After the production of the composite part, fresh FRC is poured onto the FRP component to materialize the top face of the panel. Full-scale tests on the developed sandwich panels have been carried out to characterize their flexural behaviour. The experimental programme included flexural tests i) on single supported panels, ii) on two panels side adhesively bonded and iii) on single panels with different connection solutions to walls. The present work includes a detailed description of the developed panels and of the experimental programme. It also presents and discusses the relevant results. The observed performance of the tested specimens is critically analysed.FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BSAB/150266/2019

Progress in Identifying High Nature Value Montados: Impacts of Grazing on Hardwood Rangeland Biodiversity

Due to their complex structure and traditional low-intensity management, Portuguese oak woodland rangelands known as montados are often considered high nature value (HNV) farming systems, and as such, they may be deemed eligible for subsidies and incentives by governmental and nongovernmental agencies. Too little is known about how the HNV concept might be applied to conserve complex silvopastoral systems. These systems, due to their structural and functional complexity at multiple scales, tend to support high levels of biodiversity. Montados are in sharp decline as a result of the rapid specialization of land management that, through simplification, undermines multifunctionality. Understanding how changes in management influence these systems and their biodiversity is needed for prioritizing conservation efforts and for ensuring they remain HNV systems. On the basis of a field survey in 58 plots distributed among 29 paddocks on 17 farms, we conducted an integrated analysis of the relationship between grazing intensity and biodiversity in montados of similar biophysical and structural characteristics. Data on management were obtained through interviews, and biodiversity data (vegetation, macrofungi, birds, herpetofauna) were obtained through specific field protocols. Additional spatial data, such as soil characteristics, slope, land cover, and linear landscape elements, were also analyzed. The results show no overall biodiversity variation as a result of different management practices. However, different groups of species react differently to specific management practices, and within a pasture, grazing impacts are heterogenous. In low grazing intensity plots, macrofungi species richness was found to be higher, while bird species richness was lower. Using tree regeneration as proxy for montado sustainability, results show less tree regeneration in areas with higher forage quality and more intense grazing. Pathways for future progress are proposed, including creating areas within a paddock that attract grazing away from where regeneration is desired

Nonconventional production technologies for NiTi shape memory alloys

The development of new production technologies for NiTi Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) is always challenging. Recently, we introduced two powder metallurgical (PM) processing routes involving mechanical activation of elemental powder mixtures and densification through extrusion or forging. Those processes were named Mechanically Activated Reactive Extrusion Synthesis (MARES) and Mechanically Activated Reactive FOrging Synthesis (MARFOS). Heat treatments were performed in order to adjust the B2-NiTi matrix composition, yielding a microstructure consisting of a homogeneous dispersion of Ni4Ti3 precipitates embedded in nanocrystalline B2-NiTi matrix. In the present study, we demonstrate the viability of those PM processes for producing NiTi SMAs. With insitu X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry it is shown that B2-NiTi matrix undergo a B2« R«B19 two-step phase transformatio

Nursing care to adolescent woman in labor in the light of Wanda Horta’s theory

Objective: To know the nursing care of the teenager during labor, and thus to identify the factors influencing, and analyze the nursing care of the adolescent woman in labor. Method: It is an exploratory qualitative research through interviews with 08 midwives of the maternity ward of University Hospital Professor Alberto Antunes (UFAL). Data were categorized according to Bardin analysis technique and the theoretical reference the Theory of Basic Human Needs Wanda Horta. Results: It was possible to identify 03 thematic units that show the care of nursing to the adolescent parturient, emphasizing the reception, the approach of the team and formation of the bond and of the nurses, and the care itself. Conclusion: The study made it possible to highlight the care provided, which happens in a generalized way, thus making it possible to identify the factors that determine how care is provided and its difficulties

Interaction of [(VO)-O-IV(acac)(2)] with Human Serum Transferrin and Albumin

VO(acac)(2)] is a remarkable vanadium compound and has potential as a therapeutic drug. It is important to clarify how it is transported in blood, but the reports addressing its binding to serum proteins have been contradictory. We use several spectroscopic and mass spectrometric techniques (ESI and MALDI-TOF), small-angle X-ray scattering and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to characterize solutions containing [VO(acac)(2)] and either human serum apotransferrin (apoHTF) or albumin (HSA). DFT and modeling protein calculations are carried out to disclose the type of binding to apoHTF. The measured circular dichroism spectra, SEC and MALDI-TOF data clearly prove that at least two VOacac moieties may bind to apoHTF, most probably forming [(VO)-O-IV(acac)(apoHTF)] complexes with residues of the HTF binding sites. No indication of binding of [VO(acac)(2)] to HSA is obtained. We conclude that (VO)-O-IV-acac species may be transported in blood by transferrin. At very low complex concentrations speciation calculations suggest that [(VO)(apoHTF)] species form.Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal [ RECI/QEQMED/0330/2012, PTDC/QEQ-MED/1902/2014]FCT [IF/00100/2013, IF/00007/2015]PROTEOMASS Scientific SocietyUCIBIO, Unidade de Ciencias Biomoleculares Aplicadas [UID/Multi/04378/2013]ERDF [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007728, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007265]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Knowledge and practices of community pharmacists in topical dermatological treatments

The connection between pharmacists’ knowledge and practice on the provided information to patients about dermatoses and their treatment is insufficiently characterized. Furthermore, pharmacists’ contributions in counselling and in promoting adherence to topical treatment is not fully understood. This study has three main objectives. It aims to identify the knowledge and practices of pharmacists about dermatoses and their treatment, and to compare the perspective of pharmacists with that of patients regarding treatment information, with the future goal of establishing guidelines on the communication of dosage regimen instructions to dermatological patients and promotion of adherence to treatment, filling a gap. A cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study was carried out. Based on experts’ prior knowledge and extensive collected literature information, two questionnaire protocols, one for pharmacists and another one for patients, were designed. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were carried out in relation to the pharmacists’ questionnaire for instrument validation. The results indicate that knowledge of pharmacists regarding dermatoses and their treatment is considered acceptable. Most of the pharmacists were reported to provide information to patients. Oppositely, patients reported not to have receive it. This is an important issue because pharmacists play a primary role in the management of several diseases. As non-adherence can be triggered by poor understanding of the dosing instructions, pharmacists’ communication practices play an important role in improving this hinderance. Results from this study identified pharmacist–patient communication gaps, so the development of guidelines to improve the transmission of clear dosage regimen instructions and knowledge about patient’s disease are of paramount importance. Training programs for continuous education of pharmacist should be implemented to solve the identified communication problems found in this study.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio