Treatments for alopecia areata: a network meta‐analysis.

Background Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease leading to nonscarring hair loss on the scalp or body. There are different treatments including immunosuppressants, hair growth stimulants, and contact immunotherapy. Objectives To assess the benefits and harms of the treatments for alopecia areata (AA), alopecia totalis (AT), and alopecia universalis (AU) in children and adults. Search methods The Cochrane Skin Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov and WHO ICTRP were searched up to July 2022. Selection criteria We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated classical immunosuppressants, biologics, small molecule inhibitors, contact immunotherapy, hair growth stimulants, and other therapies in paediatric and adult populations with AA. Data collection and analysis We used the standard procedures expected by Cochrane including assessment of risks of bias using RoB2 and the certainty of the evidence using GRADE. The primary outcomes were short‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (between 12 and 26 weeks of follow‐up), and incidence of serious adverse events. The secondary outcomes were long‐term hair regrowth ≥ 75% (greater than 26 weeks of follow‐up) and health‐related quality of life. We could not perform a network meta‐analysis as very few trials compared the same treatments. We presented direct comparisons and made a narrative description of the findings.pre-print259 K

Periprosthetic joint infections in femoral neck fracture patients treated with hemiarthroplasty – should we use antibiotic-loaded bone cement?

BACKGROUND Hemiarthroplasty is the most common treatment in elderly patients with displaced intra-capsular femoral neck fracture (FNF). Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most feared and frequent complications post-surgery because of the frail health status of these patients and the need for fast track surgery. Therefore, priorities should lie in effective preventive strategies to mitigate this burden. AIM To determine how much the implementation of the routine use of antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) as a relatively easy-to-apply amendment to the surgical practice reduces the infection rate in our hemiarthroplasty cohort. METHODS We retrospectively assessed all demographic, health status and treatment-related data of our FNF patients undergoing cemented hemiarthroplasty in the period from 2011 to 2017; 241 patients were further analyzed after exclusion of patients with cancer-related sequelae and those who died before the end of the 1-year observation period. The PJI rate as diagnosed on basis of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria 2011 was determined for each included patient and compared in function of the bone cement used for hip stem fixation. Patients were split into a group receiving a plain bone cement in the period from January 2011 to June 2013 (non-ALBC group) and into a group receiving an ALBC in the period July 2013 to December 2017 (ALBC group). Data analysis was performed with statistical software. We further calculated the cost-efficacy of the implementation of routine use of ALBC in the second group balancing the in-hospital infection related treatment costs with the extra costs of use of ALBC. RESULTS In total 241 FNF patients who received cemented hemiarthroplasty in the period from January 2011 to January 2017 were eligible for inclusion in this retrospective study. There were 8 PJI cases identified in the ALBC group among n = 94 patients, whereas 28 PJI cases were observed in the non-ALBC group among n = 147 patients. The statistical analysis showed an infection risk reduction of 55.3% (in particular due to the avoidance of chronic delayed infections) in the ALBC group (95%CI: 6.2%-78.7%; P = 0.0025). The cost-evaluation analysis demonstrated a considerable cost saving of 3.500 € per patient, related to the implementation of routine use of ALBC in this group. CONCLUSION Use of ALBC is a potent infection preventive factor in FNF patients receiving cemented hemiarthroplasties. It was further found to be highly cost-effective.post-print314 K

An International Consensus List of Potentially Clinically Significant Drug-Drug Interactions in Older People.

Objectives We aimed to establish an explicit list of potentially clinically significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in people aged ≥65 years. Design A preliminary list of potentially clinically significant DDIs was compiled, based on 154 DDIs identified from literature review. Subsequently, a 2-round online Delphi survey was undertaken with a multidisciplinary expert panel. A consensus meeting and a final round were conducted to validate the final DDI list and the scope of information provided. Setting and Participants Twenty nine experts, including geriatricians and clinical pharmacists from 8 European countries. Measures For each DDI, in the first 2 rounds, experts were asked to score the severity of potential harm on a 5-point Likert-type scale. DDIs were directly included on the final list if the median score was 4 (major) or 5 (catastrophic). DDIs with a median score of 3 (moderate) were discussed at a consensus meeting and included if ≥75% of participants voted for inclusion in the final round. Results Consensus was achieved on 66 potentially clinically significant DDIs (28 had a median score of 4/5 and 48 of 3 in the Delphi survey). Most concerned cardiovascular, antithrombotic, and central nervous system drugs. The final list includes information on the mechanism of interaction, harm, and management. Treatment modification is recommended for three-quarters of DDIs. Conclusion and Implications We validated a list of potentially clinically significant DDIs in older people, which can be used in clinical practice and education to support identification and management of DDIs or to assess prevalence in epidemiologic and intervention studies.pre-print896 K

Primer registro de Litomosoides pardinasi (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) en roedores nativos y exóticos de Chile

Litomosoides pardinasi es registrada por primera vez en roedores nativos y exóticos de Chile. La especie Litomosoides pardinasi, parásita de Phyllotis xanthopygus y Oligoryzomys longicaudatus en la Patagonia Argentina, fue encontrada en Chile parasitando la cavidad torácica y abdominal de O. longicaudatus (prevalencia (P)= 18.9%, intensidad media (MI)= 57.3) y de Phyllotis darwini (P= 4.2%, MI= 10), y la cavidad abdominal del roedor exótico Rattus rattus (P= 1.24%; MI= 22.5). La P total en roedores nativos de Chile fue significativamente menor que la P de Argentina, en tanto la MI total fue significativamente mayor. La P y MI de L. pardinasi en O. longicaudatus de Chile y Argentina no mostraron diferencias significativas; la P en P. darwini de Chile fue significativamente menor que la de P. xanthopygus de Argentina y que la de O. longicaudatus de Chile. Considerando la distribución de las especies de Litomosoides entre los sigmodontinos, estos resultados apoyan la hipótesis que L. pardinasi está bien establecida en O. longicaudatus y que posiblemente haya sido recientemente adquirida por P. darwini y R. rattus. Así, L. pardinasi colonizó primero a la Tribu Oryzomyini y posteriormente por un fenómeno de cambio de hospedero a la Tribu Phyllotini y a R. rattus.We report the first record of Litomosoides pardinasi in native and exotic rodents from Chile. Litomosoides pardinasi, described in the Argentine Patagonia parasitizing Phyllotis xanthopygus and Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, was found in Chile parasitizing the peritoneal and thoracic cavities of O. longicaudatus (prevalence (P)= 18.9%, mean intensity (MI)= 57.3) and Phyllotis darwini (P= 4.2%, MI= 10), and in the peritoneal cavity of Rattus rattus (P= 1.24%; MI= 22.5). Total P in native rodents from Chile was significantly lower than in Argentina, while the total MI was higher. Prevalence and MI of L. pardinasi in O. longicaudatus from Chile and Argentina showed non-significant differences; prevalence in P. darwini from Chile was significantly lower than in P. xanthopygus from Argentina and than in Chilean O. longicaudatus. Our results, together with those from Argentina, support the hypothesis that L. pardinasi is well established in O. longicaudatus, but seems to be recently acquired by P. darwini and the exotic R. rattus. Considering the known host distribution of Litomosoides species among the sigmodontines, our results also support the hypothesis that L. pardinasi first colonized the Oryzomyini tribe and later, by different phenomena of host-switching, colonized the Phyllotini tribe and the exotic R. rattus.Fil: Landaeta Aqueveque, Carlos. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Notarnicola, Juliana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Correa, Juana P.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Yánez Mesa, Andrea. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Henriquez, AnaLía. Universidad Santo Tomás; ChileFil: Cattan, Pedro E.. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Botto Mahan, Carezza. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Torres Pérez, Fernando. Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso; Chil

Ideia de universidade, neoliberalismo e movimento feminista: Reflexões a partir de uma perspectiva de género

Introduction: The essay deals with the history of the institution of higher education as a conceptual category, focusing on the concept of the university and the models that have prevailed since its inception, as referents that allow it to be structurally characterized and that need to be reviewed from a gender perspective. Aim: The aim of this reflection is to make a critical analysis of the idea of the androcentric university, with the intention of promoting the configuration of new conceptual categories for institutionalism. Discussion: The imaginaries of the idea of the university that emerge from the conceptual review reveal the presence of an androcentric vision in its genesis, anchored in an apparent neutrality that is maintained today with the imprint of later neoliberalism. This is expressed in an academy subject to accountability, with a refinement of academic segregation, where the gendered division of labor is still present, as well as the emergence of other manifestations of inequality. As a turning point, it is worth noting how social movements, and especially feminist movements, allow for a small hopeful reversal of the installed condition. Conclusion: The reflection carried out in this essay, on the one hand, presents some concepts that can contribute to the redefinition of new frames of reference to characterize the university institution from a gender perspective and, on the other hand, projects the revision of important categories not addressed in this exercise, such as decoloniality, intersectionalities, imbrication, queer movement, coming from empirical university contexts at national or international level.Introducción: El ensayo aborda la historia de la institución de educación superior como categoría conceptual, centrándose en el concepto de universidad y los modelos que predominan desde su génesis, como referentes que permiten caracterizarla en términos estructurales, y que requieren ser revisados desde una perspectiva de género. Propósito: El objetivo de esta reflexión es hacer un análisis crítico sobre la idea de universidad androcéntrica con la intención de promover la configuración de nuevas categorías conceptuales para la institucionalidad. Discusión: Los imaginarios de la idea de universidad que se desprenden desde la revisión conceptual dan cuenta de la presencia de una visión androcéntrica en su génesis, anclada en la neutralidad, lo que con algunos matices del neoliberalismo se mantiene al día de hoy. Lo anterior se expresaría en una academia subyugada a la rendición de cuentas, con una sofisticación de la segregación académica, donde la división generizada del trabajo sigue presente, así como también la emergencia de otras manifestaciones de desigualdad. Como un punto de inflexión se observa con atención como los movimientos sociales, y en especial movimientos feministas permiten dar un pequeño giro esperanzador a la condición instalada. Conclusión: La reflexión realizada en este ensayo por una parte presenta algunos conceptos que pueden aportar a la redefinición de nuevos marcos de referencia para caracterizar la institución universitaria desde la perspectiva de género, y por otra, proyecta la revisión de categorías importantes, no abordadas en este ejercicio, tales como decolonialidad, interseccionalidades, imbricación, movimiento queer, emanados de contextos universitarios empíricos a nivel nacional o internacionalIntrodução: O ensaio aborda a história da instituição de ensino superior como categoria conceitual, enfocando o conceito de universidade e os modelos que predominaram desde sua gênese, como referentes que permitem caracterizá-la em termos estruturais e que requerem revisão a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero. Objetivo: O objetivo desta reflexão é fazer uma análise crítica da ideia androcêntrica de universidade com a intenção de promover a configuração de novas categorias conceituais para a institucionalidade. Discussão: Os imaginarios da ideia de universidade que emergem da revisão conceitual revelam a presença de uma visão androcêntrica em sua gênese, ancorada na neutralidade, que, com algumas nuances do neoliberalismo, é mantida até hoje. Isso se expressa em uma academia subjugada à prestação de contas, com uma sofisticação da segregação acadêmica, em que a divisão de trabalho por gênero ainda está presente, bem como o surgimento de outras manifestações de desigualdade. Como ponto de inflexão, vale a pena observar como os movimentos sociais, e especialmente os feministas, permitem uma pequena virada esperançosa para a condição instalada. Conclusão: A reflexão realizada neste ensaio, por um lado, apresenta alguns conceitos que podem contribuir para a redefinição de novos quadros de referência para caracterizar a instituição universitária a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero e, por outro lado, projeta a revisão de categorias importantes, não abordadas neste exercício, como decolonialidade, interseccionalidades, imbricação, movimento queer, emanadas de contextos universitários empíricos em nível nacional ou internacional

Primer registro de Litomosoides pardinasi (Nematoda: Onchocercidae) en roedores nativos y exóticos de Chile

We report the first record of Litomosoides pardinasi in native and exotic rodents from Chile. Litomosoides pardinasi, described in the Argentine Patagonia parasitizing Phyllotis xanthopygus and Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, was found in Chile parasitizing the peritoneal and thoracic cavities of O. longicaudatus (prevalence (P)= 18.9%, mean intensity (MI)= 57.3) and Phyllotis darwini (P= 4.2%, MI= 10), and in the peritoneal cavity of Rattus rattus (P= 1.24%; MI= 22.5). Total P in native rodents from Chile was significantly lower than in Argentina, while the total MI was higher. Prevalence and MI of L. pardinasi in O. longicaudatus from Chile and Argentina showed non-significant differences; prevalence in P. darwini from Chile was significantly lower than in P. xanthopygus from Argentina and than in Chilean O. longicaudatus. Our results, together with those from Argentina, support the hypothesis that L. pardinasi is well established in O. longicaudatus, but seems to be recently acquired by P. darwini and the exotic R. rattus. Considering the known host distribution of Litomosoides species among the sigmodontines, our results also support the hypothesis that L. pardinasi first colonized the Oryzomyini tribe and later, by different phenomena of host-switching, colonized the Phyllotini tribe and the exotic R. rattus.Litomosoides pardinasi es registrada por primera vez en roedores nativos y exóticos de Chile. La especie Litomosoides pardinasi, parásita de Phyllotis xanthopygus y Oligoryzomys longicaudatus en la Patagonia Argentina, fue encontrada en Chile parasitando la cavidad torácica y abdominal de O. longicaudatus (prevalencia (P)= 18.9%, intensidad media (MI)= 57.3) y de Phyllotis darwini (P= 4.2%, MI= 10), y la cavidad abdominal del roedor exótico Rattus rattus (P= 1.24%; MI= 22.5). La P total en roedores nativos de Chile fue significativamente menor que la P de Argentina, en tanto la MI total fue significativamente mayor. La P y MI de L. pardinasi en O. longicaudatus de Chile y Argentina no mostraron diferencias significativas; la P en P. darwini de Chile fue significativamente menor que la de P. xanthopygus de Argentina y que la de O. longicaudatus de Chile. Considerando la distribución de las especies de Litomosoides entre los sigmodontinos, estos resultados apoyan la hipótesis que L. pardinasi está bien establecida en O. longicaudatus y que posiblemente haya sido recientemente adquirida por P. darwini y R. rattus. Así, L. pardinasi colonizó primero a la Tribu Oryzomyini y posteriormente por un fenómeno de cambio de hospedero a la Tribu Phyllotini y a R. rattus.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Dataset of occurrence and incidence of pine processionary moth in Andalusia, south Spain

This dataset provides information about infestation caused by the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775)) in pure or mixed pine woodlands and plantations in Andalusia. It represents a long-term series (1993–2015) containing 81,908 records that describe the occurrence and incidence of this species. Data were collected within a monitoring programme known as COPLAS, developed by the Regional Ministry of Environment and Territorial Planning of the Andalusian Regional Government within the frame of the Plan de Lucha Integrada contra la Procesionaria del Pino (Plan for Integrated Control Against the Pine Processionary Moth). In particular, this dataset includes 4,386 monitoring stands which, together with the campaign year, define the dataset events in Darwin Core Archive. Events are related with occurrence data which show if the species is present or absent. In turn, the event data have a measurement associated: degree of infestation.This work has been carried out under the conceptual framework and cooperative spirit of the Sierra Nevada Global Change Observatory and it was supported by the H2020 project “ECOPOTENTIAL: Improving future ecosystem benefits through earth observations” (http://www.ecopotential-project.eu/), which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 641762. Thanks are due to the projects that fund the research with the following contracts: A. J. Pérez-Luque has a contract within the project LIFE-ADAPTAMED (LIFE14 CCA/ES/000612): “Protection of key ecosystem services by adaptive management of Climate Change endangered Mediterranean socioecosystems” and A. Ros Candeira has a contract within the National Youth Guarantee System and the operational programme “Youth Employment” financed by the European Social Fund

Dios Curriculista- un análisis documental sobre la idea de Cuerpo, Formación y Hombre, en los currículos de Educación Física en básica primaria en I. E. Religiosas.

Physical Education curriculum throughout history have been accompanied by different political, economic, social and religious positions, this has led to the fact that, currently, and based on the evaluation exams that are carried out annually (such as the ICFES tests), private and religious educational institutions are the ones that postulate the type of man, body and training that they consider best. In the same way, these educational institutions through their curricula show their different ideological positions, especially about the body. However, the main objective of this research is to interpret the idea of the body that exists in curriculum of the 45 best institutions (according to Sapiens Research), in the city of Medellín, this will be done through the conceptual framework of Pedraza, Z. (2010), Bollnow, O.F. (2005) and Da Silva, T.T. (2001). The methodology has a mixed approach, accompanied by a content analysis as a method and a documentary systematization as a technique. An important finding is that the body for these educational institutions is unilateral, that is, it is understood from the curriculum as a tool, temple or machine, in addition, the distinction between the sexes continues to exist when developing the curriculum in the area of education physical.Los currículos de Educación Física a lo largo de la historia se han visto acompañados de diferentes posturas políticas, económicas, sociales y religiosas, esto ha llevado a que, en la actualidad, y a partir de los exámenes de evaluación realizados anualmente (como las pruebas ICFES) las instituciones educativas (I.E) de carácter privado y religioso sean las que postulen el tipo de hombre, cuerpo y formación que ellos consideran como mejores. Del mismo modo, estas instituciones educativas a través de sus currículos muestran sus diferentes posturas ideológicas, en especial sobre el cuerpo. No obstante, el objetivo principal de esta investigación es interpretar la idea de cuerpo que hay en los currículos de las 45 mejores instituciones de la ciudad de Medellín (Según Sapiens Research), esto se hará mediante el marco conceptual de Pedraza, Z. (2010), Bollnow, O. F. (2005) y Da Silva, T. T. (2001). La metodología tiene un enfoque mixto, acompañada de un análisis de contenido como método y una sistematización documental como técnica. Un hallazgo importante es que el cuerpo para estas instituciones educativas es mono - facético, es decir, se comprende desde el currículo como una herramienta, templo o máquina, además, sigue existiendo la distinción entre sexos a la hora de desarrollar el currículo del área de Educación Física