21 research outputs found
Costos de la otitis media aguda en niños de una ciudad de la costa caribe colombiana
Acute otitis media is the main cause of consultation, antibiotic use, and
ambulatory surgery in developed countries; besides, it is associated with an important
economic burden. However, non-medical indirect costs of acute otitis media, which are
relevant in this pathology, have been underestimatedLa otitis media aguda es la principal causa de consultas médicas, de uso
de antibióticos y de cirugías ambulatorias en los países desarrollados. Está asociada con
una significativa carga económica, pero sus costos indirectos no médicos, los cuales son
relevantes en esta enfermedad, se han subestimad
Factores de severidad de Neumonía Adquirida en la Comunidad en un hospital infantil del Caribe colombiano
Objective: To identify predisposing factors to developing severe pneumonia in hospitalized
children diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia hospitalized in Cartagena’s Napoleón
Franco Pareja children’s Hospital.
Methods: Analytical observational cross-sectional study performed in patients under 18 years.
Data from surveys and records were analyzed. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed.
The variables are grouped according to the presence or absence of complications and analyzed
by ji-square test. We calculated OR of each of the dummy variables to evaluate their association
with complications. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analyses.
Results: 301 patients with severe pneumonia were included. Risk factors related to severity: age
less than 3 months (OR: 4.86; CI 95%: 1,5 - 14.3; p = 0.004); exclusive breastfeeding for less
than 6 months (CI:95% 7,7- 1,4; p = 0.0019); heart disease (OR: 5.37; CI 95%: 1,28- 19,88, p
= 0.010); prematurity (OR: 1.62, CI 95%: 0.93- 6.69, p = 0.034); Incomplete vaccination (OR:
2.32; CI: 95% 1.07 - 5.10; p = 0.015).
Conclusions: It was found increased severity risk, statistically significant, in patients less
than 6 months breastfeeding, prematurity, heart disease, incomplete vaccination scheme, and
positive blood culture with Sp. pneumoniaObjetivo: Identificar factores predisponentes a desarrollar neumonía severa en niños
hospitalizados con diagnóstico de NAC en el Hospital Infantil Napoleón Franco Pareja de
Cartagena Colombia.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal analítico en pacientes menores
de 18 años hospitalizados con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Se analizaron datos
obtenidos de encuestas y registros clínicos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo univariado y
bivariado. Las variables se agruparon según la presencia o no de complicación y se analizaron
a través de la prueba ji cuadrado. Se realizó el cálculo de OR de cada una de las variables
dicotómicas para evaluar su asociación a complicaciones. Una P<0,05 fue considerada como
estadísticamente significativa para todos los análisis.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 301 pacientes con neumonía grave. Los factores de riesgo más
relacionados con severidad fueron: edad menor de 3 meses (OR: 4,86; IC 95%: 1,5- 14,3; p
0,004); la lactancia materna exclusiva menor a 6 meses (IC 95%: 1,4- 7,7; p 0,0019); cardiopatía (OR: 5,37; IC 95%: 1,28- 19,88; p: 0,010); prematurez (OR: 1,62; IC: 0,93-6,69; p:
0,034); esquema incompleto de vacunación (OR: 2,32; IC 95%: 1,07-5,10: p: 0,015).
Conclusiones: Se encontró aumento de riesgo de severidad en pacientes con lactancia materna
menor de 6 meses, prematurez, cardiopatía, esquema de vacunación incompleto, y hemocultivo
con Sp. Neumoniae positivo
Severity factors of Acquired Pneumonia Community in a children's hospital in the Colombian Caribbean
Objective: Identify predisposing factors to develop severe pneumonia in hospitalized children diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia hospitalized in Cartagena´s Napoleón Franco Pareja children´s Hospital.Methods: Analytical observational cross-sectional study performed in patients under 18 years. Data from surveys and records were analyzed. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed. The variables are grouped according to the presence or absence of complications and analyzed by ji-square test. We were calculating OR of each of the dummy variables to evaluate their association with complications was performed. A P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analyzes.Results: 301 patients with severe pneumonia were included. Risk factors related to severity: age less than 3 months (OR: 4.86; CI 95%: 1,5 - 14.3; p = 0.004); exclusive breastfeeding for less than 6 months (CI:95% 7,7- 1,4; p = 0.0019); heart disease (OR: 5.37; CI 95%: 1,28- 19,88, p = 0.010); prematurity (OR: 1.62, CI 95%: 0.93- 6.69, p = 0.034); Incomplete vaccination (OR: 2.32; CI: 95% 1.07 - 5.10; p = 0.015).Conclusions: It was found increased severity risk, statistical significantly, in patients less than 6 months breastfeeding, prematurity, heart disease, incomplete vaccination scheme, and positive blood culture with Sp. pneumoni
Costs of acute otitis media in children in a city of the Colombian Caribbean coast
Introduction: Acute otitis media is the main cause of consultation, antibiotic use, and ambulatory surgery in developed countries; besides, it is associated with an important economic burden. However, non-medical indirect costs of acute otitis media, which are relevant in this pathology, have been underestimated.
Objective: To estimate the costs of acute otitis media in pediatric patients in Cartagena, Colombia.
Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective study of micro-costing between 2014 and 2015. The direct and indirect costs of acute otitis media were determined through forms applied to parents or caregivers. Loss of productivity was estimated based on the monthly legal minimum wage of 2014 (COP 308).
Results: A total of 62 episodes of acute otitis media occurred. The total economic costs attributed per episode was COP 254,903, i.e., USD 22,503,141 (USD 101,402 (USD $51), and the average care time spent by parents was 3.7 days.
Conclusion: The estimated costs of acute otitis media in this study were lower than the costs estimated in a review of high-income countries and similar to those of low-income countries such as Nigeria. Information on total costs (direct and indirect) of acute otitis media is necessary for public health decision-making and for full cost-effectiveness assessments
Estimating Costs Associated with a Community Outbreak of Meningococcal Disease in a Colombian Caribbean City
Meningococcal disease is a serious and potentially life-threatening
infection that is caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (N.
meningitidis), and it can cause meningitis, meningococcaemia outbreaks
and epidemics. The disease is fatal in 9-12% of cases and with a death
rate of up to 40% among patients with meningococcaemia. The objective
of this study was to estimate the costs of a meningococcal outbreak
that occurred in a Caribbean city of Colombia. We contacted experts
involved in the outbreak and asked them specific questions about the
diagnosis and treatment for meningococcal cases during the outbreak.
Estimates of costs of the outbreak were also based on extensive review
of medical records available during the outbreak. The costs associated
with the outbreak were divided into the cost of the disease response
phase and the cost of the disease surveillance phase. The costs
associated with the outbreak control and surveillance were expressed in
US 0.8 per 1,000 inhabitants, disease surveillance at US 5.1 per 1,000
inhabitants. The costs associated with meningococcal outbreaks are
substantial, and the outbreaks should be prevented. The mass
chemoprophylaxis implemented helped control the outbreak
Colombian consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of candida Spp. disease in children and adults
La Candidiasis Invasora (CI) y la candidemia, como su manifestación más frecuente, se ha convertido en la principal causa de micosis oportunista a nivel hospitalario. Este manuscrito realizado por miembros de la Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN), tuvo como objetivo proporcionar un conjunto de recomendaciones para manejo, seguimiento y prevención de la CI/candidemia y de la infección candidiásica de mucosas, en población adulta, pediátrica y neonatal, en un
entorno hospitalario, incluyendo las unidades hemato-oncológicas y unidades de cuidado crítico. Todos los datos obtenidos mediante una búsqueda exhaustiva,
fueron revisados y analizados de manera amplia por todos los miembros del grupo, y las recomendaciones emitidas se elaboraron luego de la evaluación de la literatura científica disponible, y el consenso de todos los especialistas involucrados, reconociendo el problema de la emergencia de las infecciones por Candida Spp.
y brindando una correcta orientación a los profesionales de la salud sobre el manejo de pacientes con enfermedad candidiásica, de una forma racional y práctica,
enfatizando en la evaluación del paciente, estrategias de diagnóstico, profilaxis, tratamiento empírico, tratamiento dirigido y terapia preventiva.Invasive Candidiasis (IC) and candidemia (as its most frequent manifestation) have become the main cause of opportunistic mycosis at hospital settings. This
study, made by members of the Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), was aimed at providing a set of recommendations for the management,
follow-up and prevention of IC / candidemia and mucous membrane candida infection in adult, pediatric and neonatal patients in a hospital setting, including the
hemato-oncological and critical care units. All the data obtained through an exhaustive search were reviewed and analyzed in a comprehensive manner by all the
members of the group, and the recommendations issued are being made after a careful review of the scientific literature available and the consensus of all specialists involved; the emergence of Candida Spp. problem is highlighted and a correct orientation to health professionals regarding the management of patients with
candidiasis is provided in a rational and practical way, emphasizing patient evaluation, diagnostic strategies, prophylaxis, empirical treatment, directed treatment
and preventative therap
Can house flies mechanically carry and/or transport sars-cov-2?
The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes different infections in humans has become a challenge for humanity because it has caused many deaths worldwide. This new virus is considered as a zoonotic infectious particle, the clear mechanisms of the pathogenicity and transmissibility of this virus are not exactly known. Therefore, here some characteristics of a possible transmission are analyzed for house flies
Epidemiology of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Colombia: A Retrospective Surveillance Database Analysis
Abstract Introduction Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), caused by Neisseria meningitidis, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of the current study was to describe the historical and recent epidemiology of IMD in Colombia. Methods This retrospective surveillance database analysis examined all available data on IMD in Colombia. Data were extracted from publicly available disease event reports and laboratory surveillance reports or obtained directly from hospitals in Cartagena. Results During 2015–2021, the overall incidence of IMD was 0.04–0.18 per 100,000 based on laboratory surveillance reports. IMD incidence was highest among infants aged < 1 year (0.52–1.47 per 100,000), as was IMD mortality (0.00–0.65 per 100,000). Serogroup B was the dominant serogroup responsible for IMD in Colombia during 1988–2014, but, since 2015, serogroup C has been dominant in all age groups, followed by serogroups B and Y. During 2010–2021 combined, the majority of IMD cases were reported in Bogotá (31.9%) and Antioquia (21.7%). Of 42 IMD cases in the city of Cartagena, 54.8% occurred in people who lived in the poorest neighborhoods, and these patients had the highest IMD lethality (52.2%) and the shortest median hospitalization duration (3 days). Conclusion The overall incidence of IMD in Colombia was low but was highest among infants aged < 1 year. IMD cases tended to be concentrated in the more densely populated areas and in poorer neighborhoods. As the majority of IMD cases in Colombia since 2015 have been serogroup C, followed by B or Y, vaccination to protect against these serogroups could potentially be beneficial and help to achieve the World Health Organization’s and Pan American Health Organization’s roadmaps to defeat meningitis by 2030. Graphical Abstrac
Severity factors of Acquired Pneumonia Community in a children's hospital in the Colombian Caribbean
Objetivo: Identificar factores predisponentes a desarrollar neumonía severa en niños hospitalizados con diagnóstico de NAC en el Hospital Infantil Napoleón Franco Pareja de Cartagena Colombia.Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal analítico en pacientes menores de 18 años hospitalizados con neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Se analizaron datos obtenidos de encuestas y registros clínicos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo univariado y bivariado. Las variables se agruparon según la presencia o no de complicación y se analizaron a través de la prueba ji cuadrado. Se realizó el cálculo de OR de cada una de las variables dicotómicas para evaluar su asociación a complicaciones. Una P<0,05 fue considerada como estadísticamente significativa para todos los análisis.Resultados: Se incluyeron 301 pacientes con neumonía grave. Los factores de riesgo más relacionados con severidad fueron: edad menor de 3 meses (OR: 4,86; IC 95%: 1,5-14,3; p 0,004); la lactancia materna exclusiva menor a 6 meses (IC 95%: 1,4- 7,7; p 0,0019); cardiopatía (OR: 5,37; IC 95%: 1,28-19,88; p: 0,010); prematurez (OR: 1,62; IC: 0,93-6,69; p: 0,034); esquema incompleto de vacunación (OR: 2,32; IC 95%: 1,07-5,10: p: 0,015).Conclusiones: Se encontró aumento de riesgo de severidad en pacientes con lactancia materna menor de 6 meses, prematurez, cardiopatía, esquema de vacunación incompleto, y hemocultivo con Sp. Neumoniae positivo