New PCR primers applied to characterize distribution of Botrytis cinerea populations in French vineyards

The phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea is a complex of two main genetic groups, Group-I and Group-II, the latter including different TE types distinguished by the presence or absence of two transposable elements (TE), Boty and Flipper. In populations from Bordeaux vineyards (n = 470), the frequency distribution into these genetic subdivisions showed that Group-I isolates were rare (2.3 %) whereas, within Group-II, four TE types were identified by dot blot in very different proportions: II-transposa (59.8 %), II-boty (21.3 %), II-vacuma (15.5 %) and II-flipper (1.1 %). To distinguish the TE types by PCR, a first primer pair was designed within the Flipper sequence which yielded a not-expected 2287 bp fragment. The 5’ extremity of this fragment was sequenced revealing a potential genomic insertion site of the Flipper element allowing the design of a new overlapping PCR primer. Detection of the Flipper element by two newly developed PCR tests and a published one (F300-F1550) was consistent with dot blot results in Group-I and II-transposa (concordance rates from 94.6 % to 100 %). However, discrepancies between PCR and dot blot were noticeable especially in II-boty, but also in II-vacuma (concordance rates from 33.3 % to 38.0 % and from 62 % to 81.2 %, respectively). On the basis of TE-type identification strengthened by combining different PCR and dot blot results, the spatiotemporal distribution of the Group-II isolates was assessed according to the developmental stage and the host organ of grapevine. In Bordeaux as in Loire valley vineyards, similar distribution patterns were described showing significant differences between the most sampled TE types. The II-transposa isolates predominated on grape berries at the end of the season, whereas the II-vacuma ones were detected mostly at flowering. Lastly, the II-boty isolates were more often detected on grapevine leaves than on flowers or berries.

Química ambiental e química verde : como se integram às áreas tradicionais da química na visão de graduandos

Este trabalho investiga as concepções de alunos de graduação em química da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) a respeito do status da Química Ambiental e da Química Verde em relação ao conjunto do conhecimento químico. O estudo foi feito através da análise de quatorze mapas conceituais produzidos por alunos do terceiro ano de graduação considerando-se as concepções manifestadas a respeito da química ambiental e da química verde, bem como as relações estabelecidas entre elas e as cinco áreas tradicionais da química. De modo geral, os alunos encontram dificuldades em expressar concepções abrangentes e integradoras a respeito de química ambiental e química verde, conforme sugerem os objetivos atuais para o ensino de química. Os resultados mostram forte influência da estrutura curricular dos diferentes cursos sobre as concepções dos alunos

Genetic evidence and new morphometric data as essential tools to identify the Patagonian seahorse Hippocampus patagonicus (Pisces, Syngnathidae)

A genetic study to support morphometric analyses was used to improve the description and validate the Patagonian seahorse Hippocampus patagonicus (Syngnathidae) on the basis of a large number of specimens collected in the type locality (San Antonio Bay, Patagonia, Argentina). DNA sequence data (from the cytochrome b region of the mitochondrial genome) were used to differentiate this species from its relatives cited for the west Atlantic Ocean. Both phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses supported the hypothesis that H. patagonicus is a species clearly differentiated from others, in agreement with morphometric studies. Hippocampus patagonicus can be distinguished from Hippocampus erectus by the combination of the following morphometric characteristics: (1) in both sexes and all sizes of H. patagonicus, the snout length is always less than the postorbital length, whereas the snout length of H. erectus is not shorter than the postorbital length in the largest specimens; (2) in both sexes of H. patagonicus, the trunk length:total length (LTr:LT) is lower than in H. erectus (in female H. patagonicus: 0·27-0·39, H. erectus: 0·36-0·40 and in male H. patagonicus: 0·24-0·34, H. erectus: 0·33-0·43) and (3) in both sexes, tail length:total length (LTa:LT) in H. patagonicus is larger than in H. erectus (0·61-0·78 v. 0·54-0·64).Fil: González, Raul Alberto Candido. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Biología Marina y Pesquera Almirante Storni; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Dinghi, Pablo Adrián. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Corio, C.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; ArgentinaFil: Medina, Alonso Ismael. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Biología Marina y Pesquera Almirante Storni; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Maggioni, M.. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Biología Marina y Pesquera Almirante Storni; ArgentinaFil: Storero, Lorena Pia. Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Instituto de Biología Marina y Pesquera Almirante Storni; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gosztonyi, Atila Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentin

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy studies of organophosphorous model molecules and pesticides

This work reports the analytical application of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) in the trace analysis of organophosphorous pesticides (trichlorfon and glyphosate) and model organophosphorous compounds (dimethyl methylphosphonate and o-ethyl methylphosphonothioate) bearing different functional groups. SERS measurements were carried out using Ag nanocubes with an edge square dimension of ca. 100 nm as substrates. Density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP functional was used for the optimization of ground state geometries and simulation of Raman spectra of the organophosphorous compounds and their silver complexes. Adsorption geometries and marker bands were identified for each of the investigated compound. Results indicate the usefulness of SERS methodology for the sensitive analyses of organophosphorous compounds through the use of vibrational spectroscopy.FAPESPFAPESPCNPqCNPqCAPESCAPE

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HASH(0x563d43dcbc40)HASH(0x563d441b07b0

Synchronous bilateral epithelial–myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland: case report and review of the literature

Synchronous bilateral malignancy in the parotid glands is extremely rare. The English literature reveals nine case reports. The most common synchronous bilateral malignancies are acinic cell carcinoma. Epithelial–myoepithelial carcinoma is an uncommon neoplasm comprising 1% of all salivary gland tumours. In this case report, we describe, to our best of knowledge, the first case of a patient with a synchronous bilateral epithelial–myoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland. The clinical histopathological and immunohistochemical peculiarities are elucidated. Imaging studies like ultrasonography are mandatory for both parotid glands and upper necks in the clinical presence of a unilateral parotid gland tumour

Maîtrise de la phase parfaite de l'oïdium de la vigne ; application à l'étude du rôle de la reproduction sexuée dans l'évolution de la résistance aux fongicides inhibiteurs de la biosynthèse des stérols

National audienc

Caractérisations de souches d'oïdium de la vigne résistantes au triadimenol : utilisations de biomarqueurs et applications à des études épidémiologiques

National audienc

Sterol composition of the woody plant pathogenic fungus Eutypa lata

International audienc