Hydraulic efficiency of a hydrostatic transmission with a variable displacement pump and motor

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on March 7, 2013).The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file.Thesis advisor: Dr. Roger FalesIncludes bibliographical references.M. S. University of Missouri--Columbia 2012.Dissertations, Academic -- University of Missouri--Columbia -- Mechanical and aerospace engineering."December 2012"Pumps and motors are commonly connected hydraulically to create hydrostatic drives, also known as hydrostatic transmissions. A typical hydrostatic transmission consists of a variable displacement pump and a fixed displacement motor. Maximum efficiency is typically created for the system when the motor operates at maximum volumetric displacement. The objective of this research is to determine if a hydrostatic transmission with a variable displacement motor can be more efficient than one with a fixed displacement motor. A work cycle for a Caterpillar 320D excavator was created and the efficiency of the hydrostatic drive system, controlling the swing circuit, with a fixed displacement motor was compared to the efficiency with a variable displacement motor. A PID and an H∞ controller were designed for a position control model, as well as velocity control. It was found that while it may seem obvious to achieve maximum efficiency at maximum displacement, there are some cases where maximum efficiency is achieved at a lower displacement. It was also found that for the given work cycle, a hydrostatic transmission with a variable displacement motor can be more efficient

Does Esketamine in Cesarean Delivery Increase Postoperative Adversities and Related Diseases?

Esketamine has emerged as a promising treatment option, particularly noted for its effectiveness in reducing postpartum depression, alleviating pain, and promoting faster recovery. Despite its therapeutic benefits, recent research has raised concerns regarding potential adverse effects associated with high doses of esketamine in patients. Specifically, there is growing interest in understanding the potential risks linked to the administration of esketamine during cesarean delivery, given its increasing use in obstetric anesthesia. This comprehensive review aims to investigate the potential associations between the use of esketamine during cesarean delivery and the subsequent risk of related diseases or physiological disorders. The goal is to provide clinicians and researchers with valuable insights into the safety profile of esketamine when administered during cesarean delivery, thereby informing clinical practice and guiding future research directions

How Does the Integration of Wearable Sensor Technology into Upper Extremity Rehabilitation Impact Functional Outcomes in Stroke Patients?

A literature review was done to assess effectiveness of wearable sensors in stroke rehabilitation. There is a scarcity of clinical trials evaluating their effectiveness from a clinical standpoint. Wearable sensors present an opportunity to collect patient data objectively outside of clinical settings, allowing a more comprehensive analysis of patient rehabilitation in the future. A search of PUBMED and Scopus was conducted. Keywords “Stroke Rehabilitation”, “Wearable Sensor”, and “Upper Limb” were used to find articles. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed, and not limited to research within the U.S. Two independent reviewers completed the screening of articles, selecting articles that fit the criteria and discussed outcomes of trials/review. Wearable sensors\u27 efficiency and the ability to quantify motor functions are poised to revolutionize rehabilitation. Allowing motor function data tracking outside clinical settings allows for a more holistic approach to rehabilitation. Due to the large number of strokes that ultimately result in motor impairment, it is crucial to understand the efficacy of various rehabilitation methods. This can be used to direct treatment modalities of stroke patients aimed at optimizing clinical outcomes. With there being a lack of data, the need for further research on the use of wearable sensors in stroke rehabilitation, highlighting an area for further clinical research and assessment of long-term outcomes in this population

Advances in Genomic Profiling and Risk Stratification in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

OBJECTIVE: To review the current state of molecular and genetic profiling of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its implications. DATA SOURCE: Peer-reviewed journal articles. CONCLUSION: Significant advances in the understanding of the pathology of acute myeloid leukemia have led to refined risk stratification of patients and application of novel targeted therapies based on genetic profiles. Minimal residual disease testing allows for highly sensitive disease surveillance that can be used to predict relapse and assess treatment response. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Accurate prognostication and therapeutic decision-making for patients with acute myeloid leukemia is dependent on molecular profiling. Being knowledgeable of the implications of minimal residual disease testing is critical for patient-centered care

Ring oscillator based injection locked clock multiplier

This thesis describes a ring-based injection locked clock multiplier (ILCM) designed with the goal of generating a high-frequency and low-jitter clock. Building on prior research done on injection locking, this design uses a reference frequency doubling technique to push the noise bandwidth of the circuit to Fref/3 to suppress DCO noise to a large extent. A background duty cycle error correction technique is employed to correct errors on the doubled clock that could be detrimental to performance. The design also modifies an existing architecture to achieve type-II suppression of DCO noise in order to fully suppress the flicker noise which becomes prevalent in low process nodes. The prototype ILCM was fabricated in TSMC 65 nm CMOS technology. Thorough testing was performed to characterize the effectiveness of the aforementioned techniques. The circuit achieves 340 fsrms integrated jitter when operating at 5 GHz while only consuming 5.3 mW of power. The ILCM's figure of merit, -242.4 dB, is on par with state-of-the-art ring-based clock multipliers while operating at a much higher output frequency and multiplication factor than previously published work. These results indicate the effectiveness of reference frequency doubling in a ring-based, high-performance clock multiplier design

Concert recording 2021-11-07a

[Track 1]. La maniere de Shumann /Jean-Michel Defaye -- [Track 2]. Sang till lotta / Jan Sandstrom -- [Track 3]. Concertino in B♭ / Ernst Sachse -- [Track 4]. Nearer my God to thee for 9 celli / James Stevens -- [Track 5]. Ave Maria / Franz Biebl -- [Track 6]. Soundtrack for trombone / Brian Sadler

Concert recording 2021-10-28

[Track 1]. À la manière de Schumann / Jean-Michel Defaye -- [Track 2]. Bushes and briars / Ralph Vaughan Williams ; arranged by Richard Myers-- [Track 3]. Now is the month of Maying / Thomas Morley-- [Track 4]. Concerto in one movement / Alexey Lebedev -- [Track 5]. Suite of Lieder. I. Lob der Einsamkeit ; II. Grab und Mond ; III. Widersprich / Franz Schubert ; arranged by Rowell -- [Track 6]. The song of King David / Norman Bolter -- [Track 7]. Leviathan / Jack Wilds -- [Track 8]. -- Ave Maria / Anton Bruckner ; arranged by Donald R. Frederick -- [Track 9]. Prelude, op. 34, no. 19. / Dimitri Shostakovich-- [Track 10]. A canzona concoction / Allen Molineux

HIV-1 RNA Levels and Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Blood and Non-Blood Compartments from HIV-1–Infected Men and Women enrolled in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5077

Background: Detectable HIV-1 in body compartments can lead to transmission and antiretroviral resistance. Although sex differences in viral shedding have been demonstrated, mechanisms and magnitude are unclear. We compared RNA levels in blood, genital-secretions and saliva; and drug resistance in plasma and genital-secretions of men and women starting/changing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 5077 study. Methods: Blood, saliva and genital-secretions (compartment fluids) were collected from HIV-infected adults (≥13 years) at 14 United-States sites, who were initiating or changing ART with plasma viral load (VL) ≥2,000 copies/mL. VL testing was performed on all compartment fluids and HIV resistance genotyping on plasma and genital-secretions. Spearman rank correlations were used to evaluate concordance and Fisher’s and McNemar’s exact tests to compare VL between sexes and among compartments. Results: Samples were available for 143 subjects; 36% treated (23 men, 29 women) and 64% ‘untreated’ (40 men, 51 women). RNA detection was significantly more frequent in plasma (100%) than genital-secretions (57%) and saliva (64%) (P<0.001). A higher proportion of men had genital shedding versus women (78% versus 41%), and RNA detection was more frequent in saliva versus genital-secretions in women when adjusted for censoring at the limit of assay detection. Inter-compartment fluid VL concordance was low in both sexes. In 22 (13 men, 9 women) paired plasma-genital-secretion genotypes from treated subjects, most had detectable resistance in both plasma (77%) and genital-secretions (68%). Resistance discordance was observed between compartments in 14% of subjects. Conclusions: HIV shedding and drug resistance detection prior to initiation/change of ART in ACTG 5077 subjects differed among tissues and between sexes, making the gold standard blood-plasma compartment assessment not fully representative of HIV at other tissue sites. Mechanisms of potential sex-dependent tissue compartmentalization should be further characterized to aid in optimizing treatment and prevention of HIV transmission. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT0000748

The Impact of Implementing a Test, Treat and Retain HIV Prevention Strategy in Atlanta among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men with a History of Incarceration: A Mathematical Model

Background Annually, 10 million adults transition through prisons or jails in the United States (US) and the prevalence of HIV among entrants is three times higher than that for the country as a whole. We assessed the potential impact of increasing HIV Testing/Treatment/Retention (HIV-TTR) in the community and within the criminal justice system (CJS) facilities, coupled with sexual risk behavior change, focusing on black men-who-have-sex-with-men, 15–54 years, in Atlanta, USA. Methods We modeled the effect of a HIV-TTR strategy on the estimated cumulative number of new (acquired) infections and mortality, and on the HIV prevalence at the end of ten years. We additionally assessed the effect of increasing condom use in all settings. Results In the Status Quo scenario, at the end of 10 years, the cumulative number of new infections in the community, jail and prison was, respectively, 9246, 77 and 154 cases; HIV prevalence was 10815, 69 and 152 cases, respectively; and the cumulative number of deaths was 2585, 18 and 34 cases, respectively. By increasing HIV-TTR coverage, the cumulative number of new infections could decrease by 15% in the community, 19% in jail, and 8% in prison; HIV prevalence could decrease by 8%, 9% and 7%, respectively; mortality could decrease by 20%, 39% and 18%, respectively. Based on the model results, we have shown that limited use and access to condoms have contributed to the HIV incidence and prevalence in all settings. Conclusions Aggressive implementation of a CJS-focused HIV-TTR strategy has the potential to interrupt HIV transmission and reduce mortality, with benefit to the community at large. To maximize the impact of these interventions, retention in treatment, including during the period after jail and prison release, and increased condom use was vital for decreasing the burden of the HIV epidemic in all settings

Glycine and Folate Ameliorate Models of Congenital Sideroblastic Anemia

Sideroblastic anemias are acquired or inherited anemias that result in a decreased ability to synthesize hemoglobin in red blood cells and result in the presence of iron deposits in the mitochondria of red blood cell precursors. A common subtype of congenital sideroblastic anemia is due to autosomal recessive mutations in the SLC25A38 gene. The current treatment for SLC25A38 congenital sideroblastic anemia is chronic blood transfusion coupled with iron chelation. The function of SLC25A38 is not known. Here we report that the SLC25A38 protein, and its yeast homolog Hem25, are mitochondrial glycine transporters required for the initiation of heme synthesis. To do so, we took advantage of the fact that mitochondrial glycine has several roles beyond the synthesis of heme, including the synthesis of folate derivatives through the glycine cleavage system. The data were consistent with Hem25 not being the sole mitochondrial glycine importer, and we identify a second SLC25 family member Ymc1, as a potential secondary mitochondrial glycine importer. Based on these findings, we observed that high levels of exogenous glycine, or 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-Ala) a metabolite downstream of Hem25 in heme biosynthetic pathway, were able to restore heme levels to normal in yeast cells lacking Hem25 function. While neither glycine nor 5-Ala could ameliorate SLC25A38 congenital sideroblastic anemia in a zebrafish model, we determined that the addition of folate with glycine was able to restore hemoglobin levels. This difference is likely due to the fact that yeast can synthesize folate, whereas in zebrafish folate is an essential vitamin that must be obtained exogenously. Given the tolerability of glycine and folate in humans, this study points to a potential novel treatment for SLC25A38 congenital sideroblastic anemia.Genome Canada as large-scale applied research project with funding contributions from the Dalhousie Medical Research Foundation, the Nova Scotia Research Innovation Trust, and the Nova Scotia Department of Health and Wellnes