Coping With Different Generations In The Workplace

There was a time when diversity in the workplace was thought of as different races, religions, ethnic backgrounds and, gender.  An emerging form of workplace diversity is the different generational groups.  The generations in almost any given company ranges from Veterans to Baby Boomers to Gen Xers to Gen Yers.  With such a large age gap and associated attitudinal and behavioral differences, managers are facing a difficult leadership task.  Employees are also facing the difficult task of how to get along with and work with coworkers of different generations.  Employers, managers, and employees must learn how to bridge the gap between the age generations, and capitalize on those differences to enhance organizational effectiveness.&nbsp

Negotiating Networks: Exploring the Interaction and Intersection of a Teacher's Beliefs, Literacy Policy, and Instruction

The increasing standardization of literacy curriculum and instruction compounded with high-stakes accountability measures present unique challenges for teachers and policymakers (Barrett-Tatum, 2015). Teachers’ beliefs and interpretations of content, curriculum, instruction, and students shape the implementation of new mandates (Remillard & Bryans, 2004). However, when policy messages conflict with teachers’ perceptions of literacy instruction, implementation may compromise their instructional self-efficacy (Apple & Teitelbaum, 1986), instill a learned dependency on outside resources (Papola-Ellis, 2014), and erode their instructional beliefs (MacGillivray, Ardell, Curwen, & Palma, 2004; Stillman & Anderson, 2011; Valli & Chambliss, 2007). The black box (Black & William, 1998) of teachers’ policy enactment as manifested through their instruction has remained largely hidden to researchers and practitioners, as existing literature positions the teacher and the policy as separate entities. Informed by a sociomaterial perspective, this study uses a revelatory single-case study design and interpretive research methods with analysis grounded in cultural-historical activity theory and actor network theory to analyze the interplay between policy narratives and the internal and external factors influencing one teacher’s classroom literacy instruction. First, tracing the moments of the social translation (Callon, 1999) of North Carolina’s Read to Achieve policy, legislative, practitioner, and media texts were analyzed for evidence of ways discourse constructed a social narrative framing literacy, instruction, and learning. Findings revealed that the policy’s narrative plot privileged positivistic research and an autonomous model of literacy (Street, 2003). Second, using observational and interview data collected over a five-month period, the study details the instructional beliefs and policy landscape of one North Carolina third-grade teacher under Read to Achieve and other local literacy policies. Comparisons between the teacher’s ideal and actual literacy instruction lead to analysis of how she negotiated the influential factors within her instructional system—through compliance with, adherence to, resistance of, and defiance against political and curricular directives. This study concludes with implications for teacher educators, practitioners, and policymakers. Further implications include calls for policymakers to consider the social construction of policy design and researchers to delve into the impacts of teachers’ views on race with regards to their literacy instruction.Doctor of Philosoph

The Status of Child Development Knowledge in Educational Research: A Content Analysis of Early Childhood and Elementary Education Journals

Education reform calls for a cohesive professional knowledge base from which all educators can draw. Scholars have proposed that this knowledge base, as informed by educational research, entails knowledge of subject matter, pedagogical content knowledge, and a deeper understanding of child development. However, a common knowledge base has historically remained elusive for two educational sub-groups--early childhood and elementary education. Guided by socio-cultural theory and the notion of professional cultural communities, this study focused on the status of child development research in published journals across the sub-fields. Through an exploratory content analysis and descriptive statistical analysis, results indicated an equal distribution of developmental research across the sub-fields and audiences, as well as an attention to children's achievement and learning. The only significant difference was found between journals published for a scholarly audience. Implications suggest an evolution of the two knowledge bases and propose future research to examine this change.Master of Art

Implementación de un sistema presupuestario en una PyME

Ha sido comprobado por diversos autores que el Sistema Presupuestario es una herramienta fundamental en toda empresa que quiera cumplir sus objetivos y planes a largo plazo. La presente investigación se propone demostrar lo beneficioso que es para las organizaciones contar con un sistema presupuestario integral, aún en entornos de inestabilidad e incertidumbre. En la actualidad, en la provincia de Mendoza, muchas empresas no trabajan con un presupuesto porque probablemente no conocen todas las ventajas y utilidades que proporciona, especialmente a la hora de tomar decisiones. A través de este análisis se busca mostrar cómo se trabaja con un sistema presupuestario y de esta forma incentivar su aplicación. En el presente estudio se parte exponiendo las nociones principales de esta herramienta para luego hacer un análisis práctico de la misma. A través del relevamiento de las fortalezas, debilidades, herramientas y sistemas con que cuenta una empresa de servicios de la provincia de Mendoza se expondrán las conclusiones sobre los hallazgos obtenidos. Los resultados indican que la empresa bajo análisis: 1) no cumple con los requisitos que los autores contemporáneos recomiendan enfatizar a la hora de elaborar la misión y la visión; 2) no logró implementar el presupuesto porque no se concluyó el presupuesto de ventas. Es por esto que a lo largo del trabajo, disponiendo de toda la información necesaria, armamos el presupuesto correspondiente al año 2021 pudiendo determinar que: En la situación actual y con las obras en curso y proyectadas, se obtendría una rentabilidad del 6% anual. En caso de que los directivos quisieran mejorar el nivel de rentabilidad debieran tomar decisiones y medidas de acción cuanto antes. No se ha designado a una persona encargada de las labores presupuestarias, tanto la implementación como la integración, evaluación y control. Se recomendó proceder a designar a quien se haga cargo de dichas tareas.Fil: Comperatore, Valentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas.Fil: Domínguez Soler, María Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas

Low HDL cholesterol is associated with increased atherogenic lipoproteins and insulin resistance in women classified with metabolic syndrome

Both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and elevated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) increase the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that low HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) would further increase CVD risk in women having both conditions. To assess this, we recruited 89 women with MetS (25-72 y) and LDL-C ≥ 2.6 mmol/L. To determine whether plasma HDL-C concentrations were associated with dietary components, circulating atherogenic particles, and other risk factors for CVD, we divided the subjects into two groups: high HDL-C (H-HDL) (≥ 1.3 mmol/L, n = 32) and low HDL-C (L-HDL) (< 1.3 mmol/L, n = 57). Plasma lipids, insulin, adiponectin, apolipoproteins, oxidized LDL, Lipoprotein(a), and lipoprotein size and subfractions were measured, and 3-d dietary records were used to assess macronutrient intake. Women with L-HDL had higher sugar intake and glycemic load (P < 0.05), higher plasma insulin (P < 0.01), lower adiponectin (P < 0.05), and higher numbers of atherogenic lipoproteins such as large VLDL (P < 0.01) and small LDL (P < 0.001) than the H-HDL group. Women with L-HDL also had larger VLDL and both smaller LDL and HDL particle diameters (P < 0.001). HDL-C was positively correlated with LDL size (r = 0.691, P < 0.0001) and HDL size (r = 0.606, P < 0.001), and inversely correlated with VLDL size (r = -0.327, P < 0.01). We concluded that L-HDL could be used as a marker for increased numbers of circulating atherogenic lipoproteins as well as increased insulin resistance in women who are already at risk for CVD

cGMP-Phosphodiesterase Inhibition Enhances Photic Responses and Synchronization of the Biological Circadian Clock in Rodents

The master circadian clock in mammals is located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) and is synchronized by several environmental stimuli, mainly the light-dark (LD) cycle. Light pulses in the late subjective night induce phase advances in locomotor circadian rhythms and the expression of clock genes (such as Per1-2). The mechanism responsible for light-induced phase advances involves the activation of guanylyl cyclase (GC), cGMP and its related protein kinase (PKG). Pharmacological manipulation of cGMP by phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibition (e.g., sildenafil) increases low-intensity light-induced circadian responses, which could reflect the ability of the cGMP-dependent pathway to directly affect the photic sensitivity of the master circadian clock within the SCN. Indeed, sildenafil is also able to increase the phase-shifting effect of saturating (1200 lux) light pulses leading to phase advances of about 9 hours, as well as in C57 a mouse strain that shows reduced phase advances. In addition, sildenafil was effective in both male and female hamsters, as well as after oral administration. Other PDE inhibitors (such as vardenafil and tadalafil) also increased light-induced phase advances of locomotor activity rhythms and accelerated reentrainment after a phase advance in the LD cycle. Pharmacological inhibition of the main downstream target of cGMP, PKG, blocked light-induced expression of Per1. Our results indicate that the cGMP-dependent pathway can directly modulate the light-induced expression of clock-genes within the SCN and the magnitude of light-induced phase advances of overt rhythms, and provide promising tools to design treatments for human circadian disruptions