Development of techniques for producing static strata maps and development of photointerpretive methods based on multitemporal LANDSAT data

Progress in the evaluation of the static stratification procedure and the development of alternative photointerpretive techniques to the present LACIE procedure for the identification of training fields is reported. Statistically significant signature controlling variables were defined for use in refining the stratification procedure. A subset of the 1973-74 Kansas LACIE segments for wheat was analyzed

Development of techniques for producing static strata maps and development of photointerpretation methods based on multitemporal LANDSAT data

The progress of research conducted in support of the Large Area Crop Inventory Experiment (LACIE) is documented. Specific tasks include (1) evaluation of the static stratification procedure and modification of that procedure if warranted, and (2) the development of alternative photointerpretative techniques to the present LACIE procedures for the identification and selection of training fields (areas)

Agricultural interpretation technique development

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Lunar surface: Dust dynamics and regolith mechanics

The lunar surface is characterized by a collisionally evolved regolith resulting from meteoroid bombardment. This lunar soil consists of highly angular particles in a broad, approximately power law size distribution, with impact-generated glasses. The regolith becomes densified and difficult to excavate when subjected to lunar quakes or, eventually, manned and unmanned activity on the surface. Solar radiation and the solar wind produce a plasma sheath near the lunar surface. Lunar grains acquire charge in this environment and can exhibit unusual behavior, including levitation and transport across the surface because of electric fields in the plasma sheath. The fine component of the lunar regolith contributes to the operational and health hazards posed to planned lunar expeditions. In this paper we discuss the mechanical response of the regolith to anticipated exploration activities and review the plasma environment near the lunar surface and the observations, models, and dynamics of charged lunar dust

A Gendered Analysis of Fisherfolk’s Livelihood Adaptation and Coping Responses in the Face of a Seasonal Fishing Ban in Tamil Nadu & Puducherry, India

This study investigates how people respond to economic stresses incurred as a result of natural resource regulations. Previous research has demonstrated that in some cases, men and women adapt differently to livelihood stresses. We argue that looking only at an individual’s sex is insufficient for understanding why they adapt the way they do. Instead, using the framework of intersectionality, we examine individuals’ adaptation strategies and coping responses influenced not only by their sex but also their power and class. Using the case of a closed fishing season in Tamil Nadu and Puducherry, India we employ interviews, seasonal activities calendars, and surveys to identify key variables that influence an individual’s likelihood of employing reactive strategies that may threaten their longer term livelihood sustainability. We show that if we categorize individuals only by sex, then women are more likely to resort to reactive coping than men. However, this sex divide in reactive coping is driven by particular subsets of people who also lack power and/or capital. Furthermore, we find that power and class lead to different outcomes for men and women, with networked power most helpful to women above a certain financial threshold. This study highlights the necessity of examining gender and livelihood adaptations beyond the male versus female dichotomy: considering intersecting and locally relevant measures of power, class, and sex are pivotal in understanding why people adapt and cope the way they do. This understanding of adaptation options may also have implications for resource management decisions that do not force individuals to choose between long-term livelihood resilience and response to immediate stresses

An Analysis of Millennial Attitudes Towards Car Servicing

When our team originally began our project, we initially held the assumption that millennials do not care about car ownership or driving. As our secondary research progressed, we found that millennials do indeed care about automobiles, but limited research existed as to any underlying issues regarding car maintenance and service. We addressed this issue in our primary research and found that millennials experience anxiety as they do not know much about car maintenance. Our recommendations were targeted towards easing both the surface anxiety and addressing the underlying issues as well as helping prepare Goodyear for future trends that may arise

Granitoid rocks and associated coper skarn, Whycocomagh Mountain, Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia

Mineralized (Fe-Cu-W-Mo) skarn in the Whycocomagh Mountain area is associated with a small pluton of Devonian (402±20 Ma) age, which intruded predominantly metasedimentary rocks of the Hadrynian George River Group. The pluton consists largely of granite porphyry with a marginal granodiorite to diorite zone, and minor porphyritlc granodiorite to monzodiorite dykes and pegmatite. The suite is calc-alkalic with I-type characteristics. Although weakly mineralized, the Whycocomagh Mountain pluton has features typical of plutons associated with porphyry-type Cu-Mo deposits. Calc-silicate rocks derived from marbles of the George River Group are the chief hosts for magnetlte ± chalcopyrlte ± scheelite ± molybdenite ± pyrite which occur in veinlets along fractures and as disseminated grains In adjacent alteration envelopes. Characteristics of the pluton and the skarn minerals suggest that the deposit is a copper skarn. RÉSUMÉ Un skarn minéralise (Fe-Cu-W-Mo), situe dans la région de la montagne Whycocomagh, est associé à une petite intrusion ignée d'âge Dévonien (402±20 m.a.) qui pénétre des roches, principalement des métasédiments, du groupe George River (Hadrynien). Le pluton consiste surtout en un granite porphyrique accompagne d'une zone marginale (granodiorite à diorite), de dykes mineurs (granodiorite à monzodiorite porphyrique) et de pegmatite. L'ensemble est calco-alcalln et de "type 1". Blen que faiblement minéralise, le pluton Whycocomagh Mountain possède lea caractérlstiques typiques des plutons associés aux dépôts porphyrlques de type Cu-Mo. Les calco-sflicates dérives des marbres du groupe George River sont les notes principaux du cortege for magnétite ± chalcopyrlte ± scheelite ± molybdenite ± pyrite que L’on retrouve dans des veinules le long des fractures et disséminés dans les enveloppes d'alteratlon volsines. Les caractérlstiques du pluton ainsi que la minéralogle du skarn font croire qu'il s'agit d'un dépôt de skarn cuprifère. (Tradult par le Journal

Demographic shifts, inter-group contact, and environmental conditions drive language extinction and diversification

Humans currently collectively use thousands of languages1,2. The number of languages in a given region (i.e. language “richness”) varies widely3–7. Understanding the processes of diversification and homogenization that produce these patterns has been a fundamental aim of linguistics and anthropology. Empirical research to date has identified various social, environmental, geographic, and demographic factors associated with language richness3. However, our understanding of causal mechanisms and variation in their effects over space has been limited by prior analyses focusing on correlation and assuming stationarity3,8. Here we use process-based, spatially-explicit stochastic models to simulate the emergence, expansion, contraction, fragmentation, and extinction of language ranges. We varied combinations of parameter settings in these computer-simulated experiments to evaluate the extent to which different processes reproduce observed patterns of pre-colonial language richness in North America. We find that the majority of spatial variation in language richness can be explained by models in which environmental and social constraints determine population density, random shocks alter population sizes more frequently at higher population densities, and population shocks are more frequently negative than positive. Language diversification occurs when populations split after reaching size limits, and when ranges fragment due to population contractions following negative shocks or due to contact with other groups that are expanding following positive shocks. These findings support diverse theoretical perspectives arguing that language richness is shaped by environmental and social conditions, constraints on group sizes, outcomes of contact among groups, and shifting demographics driven by positive innovations, such as new subsistence strategies, or negative events, such as war or disease

Motion and gravitational wave forms of eccentric compact binaries with orbital-angular-momentum-aligned spins under next-to-leading order in spin-orbit and leading order in spin(1)-spin(2) and spin-squared couplings

A quasi-Keplerian parameterisation for the solutions of second post-Newtonian (PN) accurate equations of motion for spinning compact binaries is obtained including leading order spin-spin and next-to-leading order spin-orbit interactions. Rotational deformation of the compact objects is incorporated. For arbitrary mass ratios the spin orientations are taken to be parallel or anti-parallel to the orbital angular momentum vector. The emitted gravitational wave forms are given in analytic form up to 2PN point particle, 1.5PN spin orbit and 1PN spin-spin contributions, where the spins are counted of 0PN order.Comment: 26 pages, 1 figure, published in CQG. Current version: we removed a remark and clarified the derivation of the orbital element \e_ph