Application of a New Yield Strength Acquisition Method to the Calculation of Collapse Pressure

The accuracy of a casing collapse prediction is critical to a successful casing design program. This is especially true today as the likelihood of HPHT reservoirs and difficult conditions downhole has become increasingly more prevalent. To account for these conditions, more up to date, accurate collapse resistance equations and true yield strengths should be used. The original API collapse equations were adopted in the 1960s and reflect the quality of the pipes produced. Since that time, improvements in manufacturing procedures have increased pipe quality and improved tolerances of material properties. It is necessary to adopt new collapse resistance equations that reflect this improvement in overall quality. Many new collapse equations have been proposed since the API equations were originally adopted. A review of a selection of these equations compares them to each other, the API equations and real collapse data. As a result, the Klever and Tamano model was shown to most accurately predict the collapse resistance of real pipes. With a new more accurate collapse equation in place, the next largest factor in determining true pipe collapse depends on knowing the real yield strength of the pipe. The expense of testing has resulted in infrequent testing and, therefore, inherent uncertainty in the material properties of any given pipe. A new method of yield strength acquisition simplifies the testing procedure in hopes of encouraging an increase in testing frequency. Additionally, the new method finds yield strength in the hoop direction instead of the axial direction, which is directly related to collapse. The new acquisition method was compared against the tested yield strengths given by the pipe manufacturer. Testing was performed on a variety of outer diameters, wall thicknesses, and pipe grades. The new method proved to be very accurate, yielding just a 0.5% variation from the mean yield strength values

Characterization of a four-camera ratiometric optical mapping system

posterElectrical activity precedes calcium mediated heart contractions. Optical mapping takes advantage of minimally invasive fluorescent molecular probes to image both electrical and calcium activity. These molecular probes allow for ratiometric imaging. We characterize a four camera system capable of simultaneously capturing ratiometric images of voltage and calcium

Interior Fourier Near-Field Acoustical Holography Using Energy Density

Near-field acoustical holography (NAH) is used to reconstruct three-dimensional acoustic fields from a two-dimensional planar measurement. During previous work at BYU, a method has been developed called energy-based near-field acoustical holography (ENAH), which reduced the number of needed measurements by 75%. Other recent advances have expanded the theory to interior spaces where multiple sources and/or reflections are present. This paper presents a new method for reconstructing interior acoustic parameters using Fourier NAH and a single plane of energy density measurements. Energy density is measured using a six-microphone array. First, the probe measurements are used to create a Hermite surface pressure interpolation on two separate planes. These two planes are used to approximate the normal particle velocity as well as to separate the incoming and outgoing waves using the spatial Fourier-transform method. Once separated, traditional Fourier NAH is used to reconstruct the pressure and normal particle velocity at any point in space. Analytical and experimental results are shown and compared to exterior Fourier NAH approximations. Other drawbacks and benefits are discussed

Blueprint for Implementing and Improving Eligible Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Retrieval Across Institutions

INTRODUCTION. Placement of removable filters (rIVCFs) has increased, but this has not been accompanied by timely removal, with retrieval rates as low as 8.5% at some institutions. Studies demonstrate failure to remove rIVCFs that are not medically necessary result in increased complications. This study discusses the development of an IVC filter follow up protocol. METHODS. A method to monitor IVC filter placement and retrieval was developed. A weekly report was generated detailing placement and removal of rIVCFs. A standardized retrieval calculator was utilized to determine efficacy of removal. An IVC filter Retrieval Assessment Form was developed. Managing physicians and patients with medically unnecessary filters were sent letters with a retrieval checklist and order form. If not removed within one year, additional letters were sent. Standardized IVC filter reporting templates were created and utilized after insertion of all filters with retrieval status. Letters were eventually built into the EMR for direct routing. RESULTS. From 2015 to 2020, IVC filters were placed in 719 patients. Of those, 58% were eligible for retrieval. Initial rates of rIVCF removal in eligible patients were as low as 30-33% in 2015. The retrieval rate of eligible filters rose to 44% in September 2018. The rate of retrieval rose to 61% in January 2021. CONCLUSIONS. Employing a systemic protocol to aid in follow-up of patients following rIVCF placement can improve rates of retrieval in the appropriate clinical setting. Regular evaluation and revision of the process played a significant role in achieving an increase in retrieval rates

The Effects of Soft Tissue Flossing on Hamstring Range of Motion and Lower Extremity Power

# Background Flossing includes wrapping a specialized latex band around a muscle group providing compression, partially occluding blood flow, followed by performing exercises. This is hypothesized to improve flexibility by dissipating myofascial adhesions; however, research is lacking. # Objective To determine the effect of the application of a floss band to the thigh on hamstring flexibility and lower extremity power. # Design Crossover Study # Setting Exercise Physiology Laboratory. # Participants Twenty-one recreationally active individuals (8 male, 13 female; age = 22.62±2.99 years; height = 171.52±9.08 cm; mass = 73.57±11.37 kg). # Methods Three counterbalanced interventions were studied during body weight squats, lunges, and hamstring curls (without resistance): floss, sham, and control. The floss treatment included wrapping the Rogue Wide Voodoo Floss Band™ from the proximal knee to the gluteal fold at a pressure of 140 to 200 mmHg. The sham treatment included wrapping the same band in the same location with less pressure (10 to 40 mmHg) while the control treatment did not include floss band application. Hip flexion range of motion, via the straight leg raise, and power (single-leg vertical jump) were compared from pre-test to post-test using a 3x2 repeated measures ANOVA. # Results There was a significant interaction between time and session for hamstring flexibility (F~(2,40)~=17.54, *p*<0.001, η^2^=0.47). Post hoc tests showed significant differences between pre- (86.14±8.06 degrees) and post-test (90.81±7.69 degrees) for the floss session (*p*<0.001, Mean Difference=4.67, CI~95~=3.35-5.98) and between pre- (87.67±7.51 degrees) and post-test (89.86±7.88 degrees) for the sham session (*p*=0.001, Mean Difference=2.19, CI~95~=0.98-3.40). There were no significant interactions for jump power (F~(2,40)~=1.82, *P*=0.18, η^2^=0.08, 1-β=0.36). # Conclusions Flossing treatment increased hamstring flexibility more than the sham session without affecting lower body power. Flossing could be beneficial when treatment or performance preparation goals are increased flexibility without decreased power. Future studies should continue to examine the clinical effectiveness of flossing on an injured population

Fire, water, and biodiversity in the sierra nevada: A possible triple win

Reducing the risk of large, severe wildfires while also increasing the security of mountain water supplies and enhancing biodiversity are urgent priorities in western US forests. After a century of fire suppression, Yosemite and Sequoia-Kings Canyon National Parks located in California’s Sierra Nevada initiated programs to manage wildfires and these areas present a rare opportunity to study the effects of restored fire regimes. Forest cover decreased during the managed wildfire period and meadow and shrubland cover increased, especially in Yosemite’s Illilouette Creek basin that experienced a 20% reduction in forest area. These areas now support greater pyrodiversity and consequently greater landscape and species diversity. Soil moisture increased and drought-induced tree mortality decreased, especially in Illilouette where wildfires have been allowed to burn more freely resulting in a 30% increase in summer soil moisture. Modeling suggests that the ecohydrological co-benefits of restoring fire regimes are robust to the projected climatic warming. Support will be needed from the highest levels of government and the public to maintain existing programs and expand them to other forested areas

Priorities for Patient‐Centered Outcomes Research: The Views of Minority and Underserved Communities

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136533/1/hesr12505_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136533/2/hesr12505.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136533/3/hesr12505-sup-0001-AppendixSA1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136533/4/hesr12505-sup-0002-AppendixSA2.pd

Understanding Context in Learning?centred Approaches to Climate Change Communication

Communication on climate change research has long been dominated by top?down delivery of information aimed at informing on future climate scenarios and climate?related events. However, emphasis in this field is slowly shifting to more process?oriented approaches to communication, and the need to integrate learning is receiving increasing attention. This article argues that despite the challenges in shifting research communication on climate change into a more dialogical and learning?oriented model of practice, the realities faced by communities impacted on the ground make this shift imperative. Drawing on recent research, we consider how the context in which initiatives seek to engage in research communication will and should influence what is possible and what is desirable through these new approaches. We reflect on how efforts to understand context in one particular case served to shape a communication strategy from its outset, and note the opportunities and challenges revealed through this process. We then conclude by highlighting how climate change has reinforced arguments in favour of a focus of inclusive learning processes in communication for development