When should we stop mammography screening for breast cancer in elderly women?

There is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening mammography beyond the age of 69 years. The best candidates to stop screening are elderly women who have significant comorbidities, poor functional status, low bone mineral density (BMD), little interest in preventive care, or an unwillingness to accept the potential harm of screening. (Grade of Recommendation: C, based on retrospective cohort studies.

Ice Ice Baby: Teaching Addiction Using Experiential Learning and Reflection

This activity was previously presented at the 2016 Association for Gerontology in Higher Education Annual Conference in Long Beach, California. Abstract Students are often reluctant to realize that their parents, grandparents, or older clients may be using or abusing drugs. Recent research indicates that alcohol is the most frequently abused substance among adults over 50. Prescriptions rank second, but research shows dramatic increases in the use of illicit drugs by older females. Additionally, the over 50 age group had the highest hospital admission for illicit drugs such as heroin, cocaine, or opiates. The addiction simulation exercise ICE ICE BABY provides students with a deeper understanding of addiction, including an insight into the social experiences of drug/alcohol use and abuse. Explicit directions for using the exercise are included as well as reflections from students within two programs. Keywords: drug addiction, simulations, active learning, experiential learning DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-6-16 Publication date: February 29th 202

Understanding the Impact of Individual Creativity with Information Technology upon the Deep Usage of IT Systems

In today’s competitive business world, creativity is an important component in enhancing an organization’s ability to retain its competitive advantage and stay ahead of competitors. In order to exploit creativity, firms must learn to identify and leverage it across all levels of the organization. Nonetheless, despite the importance of creativity, no work to date has conceptualized individual creativity with IT, nor studied the impact of creativity with IT upon the deep usage of IT systems. In this paper, we report the results of a study involving 111 users of an Electronic Document System that finds creativity to be a stronger driver of the creation of novel and useful ideas about IT than innovation or self-efficacy. By extension, it was a stronger predictor of the deep usage of IT even after accounting for perceptions towards the IT

Scaffolding & Fading: Enhancing Literacy Skills across a Curriculum to Achieve Mastery

This paper discusses the use of paragraph frames in a formative assessment activity within an introductory sociology course. The paragraph frame scaffolding allows the student to be a more informed and engaged learner in lower level courses and feel success with their introductory summary writing. This self-confidence allows the student to move forward into no longer being reliant upon paragraph frames or others (peers/instructors). The Sociology in the News activity incorporates scaffolding and fading via the use of a similar activity across the curriculum. The use of the paragraph frames focuses on mastery of information literacy, and accommodates student needs through effective instruction (using paragraph frames). This allows for retention, progression, and matriculation of students. The sociology curriculum is discussed via the use of scaffolding and fading based on Vygotsky’s scaffolding concepts within the student’s zone of proximal development, using paragraph frames across a curriculum, using the concept of IRMA level of ability (Introduce, Reinforce, Mastery, and Assessment) in formative assessments. As universities are focusing general education assessment of students, particularly Post-Covid19, information literacy is a skill that is can be assessed using IRMA level of ability. Literacy skills are particularly important in moving the students toward life-long learning and understanding how information is situated from a social situated perspective as well as the production from a scholarly standpoint. Keywords: IRMA Level of Ability, Paragraph Frames, Literacy, Vygotsky, Scaffolding DOI: 10.7176/JEP/14-3-01 Publication date: January 31st 202

Teaching Summative Writing within an Introductory Sociology Course: Do Paragraph Frames Improve Students’ Writing Skills?

This article describes the use of a summary writing assignment within an intro sociology course for application of sociological knowledge to current events. Summative writing is paramount to moving through the college curriculum, yet students struggle to be able to begin summary writing exercises, often procrastinating until the last moment, and thus are unsuccessful. Scripts or summary frames are also helpful in the transition to academic language acquisition skill-building, noting scripts, even for speech, provide scaffolding. Thus low states summary writings such as in introductory sociology courses are allowing students to build upon their learned skill as they move through into their upper level discipline focused courses. The skill is transferable to all disciplines and is not relegated to discipline specificity. The following article describes a Time 1/Time 2 assessment of the use of summary frames, with Time 1 using non-prompted writing within the assignment, and Time 2 using prompted writing within the assignments. Additionally, an assessment of the Readability Flesch-Kincaid is considered. Keywords: Writing Prompts, Summative Writing, Introduction courses, Sociology DOI: 10.7176/JEP/10-29-09 Publication date:October 31st 2019

A computational model predicts adjunctive pharmacotherapy for cardiac safety via selective inhibition of the late cardiac Na current

[EN] Background: The QT interval is a phase of the cardiac cycle that corresponds to action potential duration (APD) including cellular repolarization (T-wave). In both clinical and experimental settings, prolongation of the QT interval of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and related proarrhythmia have been so strongly associated that a prolonged QT interval is largely accepted as surrogate marker for proarrhythmia. Accordingly, drugs that prolong the QT interval are not considered for further preclinical development resulting in removal of many promising drugs from development. While reduction of drug interactions with hERG is an important goal, there are promising means to mitigate hERG block. Here, we examine one possibility and test the hypothesis that selective inhibition of the cardiac late Na current (I-NaL) by the novel compound GS-458967 can suppress proarrhythmic markers. Methods and results: New experimental data has been used to calibrate INaL in the Soltis-Saucerman computationally based model of the rabbit ventricular action potential to study effects of GS-458967 on INaL during the rabbit ventricular AP. We have also carried out systematic in silico tests to determine if targeted block of INaL would suppress proarrhythmia markers in ventricular myocytes described by TRIaD: Triangulation, Reverse use dependence, beat-to-beat Instability of action potential duration, and temporal and spatial action potential duration Dispersion. Conclusions: Our computer modeling approach based on experimental data, yields results that suggest that selective inhibition of INaL modifies all TRIaD related parameters arising from acquired Long-QT Syndrome, and thereby reduced arrhythmia risk. This study reveals the potential for adjunctive pharmacotherapy via targeted block of INaL to mitigate proarrhythmia risk for drugs with significant but unintended off-target hERG blocking effects.The National Institutes of Health R01 HL128537-01 (CEC), U01 HL126273-01 (CEC) and R01HL128170-02 (CEC).Yang, P.; El-Bizri, N.; Romero Pérez, L.; Giles, W.; Rajamani, S.; Belardinelli, L.; Clancy, CE. (2016). A computational model predicts adjunctive pharmacotherapy for cardiac safety via selective inhibition of the late cardiac Na current. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. 99:151-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.08.011S1511619

Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly dys-regulated in tumors, but only a handful are known toplay pathophysiological roles in cancer. We inferredlncRNAs that dysregulate cancer pathways, onco-genes, and tumor suppressors (cancer genes) bymodeling their effects on the activity of transcriptionfactors, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs in5,185 TCGA tumors and 1,019 ENCODE assays.Our predictions included hundreds of candidateonco- and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs (cancerlncRNAs) whose somatic alterations account for thedysregulation of dozens of cancer genes and path-ways in each of 14 tumor contexts. To demonstrateproof of concept, we showed that perturbations tar-geting OIP5-AS1 (an inferred tumor suppressor) andTUG1 and WT1-AS (inferred onco-lncRNAs) dysre-gulated cancer genes and altered proliferation ofbreast and gynecologic cancer cells. Our analysis in-dicates that, although most lncRNAs are dysregu-lated in a tumor-specific manner, some, includingOIP5-AS1, TUG1, NEAT1, MEG3, and TSIX, synergis-tically dysregulate cancer pathways in multiple tumorcontexts

Pan-cancer Alterations of the MYC Oncogene and Its Proximal Network across the Cancer Genome Atlas

Although theMYConcogene has been implicated incancer, a systematic assessment of alterations ofMYC, related transcription factors, and co-regulatoryproteins, forming the proximal MYC network (PMN),across human cancers is lacking. Using computa-tional approaches, we define genomic and proteo-mic features associated with MYC and the PMNacross the 33 cancers of The Cancer Genome Atlas.Pan-cancer, 28% of all samples had at least one ofthe MYC paralogs amplified. In contrast, the MYCantagonists MGA and MNT were the most frequentlymutated or deleted members, proposing a roleas tumor suppressors.MYCalterations were mutu-ally exclusive withPIK3CA,PTEN,APC,orBRAFalterations, suggesting that MYC is a distinct onco-genic driver. Expression analysis revealed MYC-associated pathways in tumor subtypes, such asimmune response and growth factor signaling; chro-matin, translation, and DNA replication/repair wereconserved pan-cancer. This analysis reveals insightsinto MYC biology and is a reference for biomarkersand therapeutics for cancers with alterations ofMYC or the PMN

Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas

This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin

Spatial Organization and Molecular Correlation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Using Deep Learning on Pathology Images

Beyond sample curation and basic pathologic characterization, the digitized H&E-stained images of TCGA samples remain underutilized. To highlight this resource, we present mappings of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) based on H&E images from 13 TCGA tumor types. These TIL maps are derived through computational staining using a convolutional neural network trained to classify patches of images. Affinity propagation revealed local spatial structure in TIL patterns and correlation with overall survival. TIL map structural patterns were grouped using standard histopathological parameters. These patterns are enriched in particular T cell subpopulations derived from molecular measures. TIL densities and spatial structure were differentially enriched among tumor types, immune subtypes, and tumor molecular subtypes, implying that spatial infiltrate state could reflect particular tumor cell aberration states. Obtaining spatial lymphocytic patterns linked to the rich genomic characterization of TCGA samples demonstrates one use for the TCGA image archives with insights into the tumor-immune microenvironment